Jay: Wowala Mockingbird
Dzinalo lachilendo nkhalango mbalame jay zachokera mu mawonekedwe a verebu lakale lachi Russia, mofananira ndi "kuwala" kwamakono, chifukwa cha nthenga zowala komanso mawonekedwe abwino. Mdima wakuda buluu, wabuluu ndi woyera, kapena magalasi, amakongoletsa jay, kukula kwake sikupitilira 40 cm ndi mchira.
Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu pafupifupi 200 magalamu. Thupi limakhala ndi utoto wofiirira, ndipo mapikowo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nkhono ndi zofiirira, nthenga pachifuwa ndizowala. Maonekedwe a tuft wokongola wokwezedwa pamutu akuwonetsa mkhalidwe wamavuto mbalame. Blue jay chokongola kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina, chifukwa cha nthenga zowala kumbuyo ndi buluu wonyezimira pamutu.
Blue jay imasiyanitsidwa ndi nthenga zake ndi mutu wopindika
Jay ili ndi mlomo wawung'ono, wolimba lakuthwa konsekonse, woyenera kuthyola zipatso, mtedza ndi zipatso zolimba. Izi zimatha kupezeka ngati mbalame yowala mdera lalikulu m'nkhalango ku Europe, North America ndi Asia.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa jay
Jay amakhala m'nkhalango zamitundumitundu, mapaki akale, nkhalango zowoneka bwino. Chomwe amakonda mbalame ndi mitengo ya thundu. Mbalameyi imakhala yopuma komanso yosamala chifukwa cha zomwe zimachititsa kuti mbalameyi izikhala chizindikiro changozi kwa anthu onse okhala m'nkhalangoyi.
Jay tcheru amawona ndikumva chilichonse koyamba. Ndi kulira kwamphamvu kwa "rah-rra-rrah", kuchenjeza mawonekedwe a munthu kapena chilombo chachikulu, iye amachenjeza nzika zake ndikupita limodzi ndi kayendedwe ka chinthu chowopsa ngati mlonda weniweni wa nkhalango.
Kujambula ndi jay Yucatan
Wokongola amatchedwa mockingbird chifukwa cha luso lake lotsanzira mawu ena ndi mawu ena. Ngati, m'chipululu cha nkhalango yakutali, mwadzidzidzi mumva kulira kwa mphaka wam'nyumba kapena kulira kwa mbuzi, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro cha jay "wobwerera kuchokera kwa alendo" yemwe wachezera malo okhala.
Mverani mawu a jay
Palibe amene amatha kuwona jay ija, koma amatha kumva ndikuzindikira kupezeka kwake nthawi yomweyo ndikumveka kosasangalatsa. Mbalame yamanyazi imayenda mwachangu, ndikuwona nthenga za buluu zamapiko okongola pakati pa nthambi za mitengo.
Ndege zomwe zimayendetsedwa mosavuta, ngakhale sizithamanga, ndizosavuta kuyenda mtunda waufupi posinthasintha mwachangu komanso kutsetsereka. Jay imatsikira pang'ono pansi, imayenda ndikudumphadumpha pafupipafupi, nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati ndi m'mbali mwa nkhalango. Masana amakhala ndi nkhawa zambiri za mbalame, ndipo usiku amagona, monga anthu ambiri okhala m'nkhalango.
Njira yamoyo pakufalikira kwake ndiyosochera, m'malo mwake imasamukira kwina, kum'mwera kwa malo ake amakhala. Zochitika zosasunthika zimakakamiza anthu kuti achoke m'malo awo omwe amakhala: njala munthawi yovuta kapena nyengo yovuta.
Tsekani achibale mitundu yonse ya jays - mbalame nati kapena nutcracker, ndipo adani ndi mbalame zazikulu zolusa: kadzidzi, goshawk, khwangwala. Marten wochenjera mwadyera amasaka ma jays. Palibe chiwopsezo chilichonse kuchuluka kwa mbalame zonyoza, koma moyo wawo ndiwowopsa. Sizinangochitika mwangozi kuti mantha amakhala chinthu chosiyana kwambiri ndi mbalameyi ndipo imathandizira kuzolowera malo okhala.
Makhalidwe ndi malo a jay
Nkhalango zosakanikirana, zotsogola, zonyansa zaku Europe, Russia, North Africa, Japan, China ndi malo okhala jay. Okonda nkhalango zokhala ndi malo okhala nthambi amauluka kupita kumalo otseguka ngati kuli mitengo yambiri yoyimirira.
Amatha kuwonekera pafupi ndi mizinda kufunafuna chakudya akapeza mapaki kapena mitengo yokhala ndi korona wamkulu. Jay - mbalame yozizira, ikubweretsa chisangalalo ndi nthenga zokongola m'mitundu yoyera ndi yoyera. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti mawonekedwe ake amabweretsa mwayi.
Pachithunzicho ndi jay wamabele oyera
Kupita kunyumba kwa munthu kumalimbikitsa mbalame zotchedwa mockingbirds ndi mawu atsopano komanso phokoso. Bokosi lolankhulira m'nkhalango limatha kutsanzira kugogoda nkhwangwa, khomo la chitseko, mawu agalu, amphaka ndi ziweto zina, kubwereka nyimbo za mbalame za anthu ena zitha kusocheretsa munthu yemwe sanazindikire kuchenjera kwa mbalame. Amanyodola kapena amafuna kutsanzira winawake potengera mawu a mbalame? Jay Sikuti amangokumbukira mawu okha, koma amatanthauzira matchulidwe.
Jays ali ndi chidwi chokhala pachiswe ndi kupirira mayendedwe amomwe akukhalamo m'mapiko awo. Njira zoterezi ndizothandiza kwambiri pa kunyoza jay. Mbalame Amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa cha formic acid, yomwe imadzaza pang'onopang'ono.
Pachithunzicho pali jay pa nyerere
Kudyetsa Jay
Zakudya za mbalame ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimadalira nyengo, kuphatikiza chakudya cha nyama ndi nyama chomwe chimapezeka pansi komanso mumitengo. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, jays amadyetsa tizilombo, akangaude, mphutsi, zomwe zimabweretsa phindu lalikulu kuwononga tizirombo.
Zipatso, mbewu, mbewu zimakopa iwo. Kupanga mbewa, abuluzi kapena achule nawonso amakodwa ndi ma jay othamanga. Mazira ndi anapiye amakopa mbalame zonyoza, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa achifwamba komanso olanda zisa, koma chakudya chobzala ndicho chachikulu mwa iwo.
M'dzinja, chakudya chokoma cha jays ndi zipatso, zipatso za rowan, yamatcheri a mbalame, lingonberries, mtedza. Mbalameyi sikuti imangopeza chakudya, koma imapanganso zakudya zambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Mbalame iliyonse yolimbikira imakumba maenje ambirimbiri osaya, momwe imabisapo zipatso, zipatso ndi mtedza, ndiyeno ndi zikopa zake zimaphimba ndikubisa malo obisalapo ndi nthambi ndi masamba.
Mbalameyi imapeza malo obisika kwa masiku ovuta a dzinja m'mizu ya mitengo, m'ming'alu ya khungwa kapena pachitsa chouma ndi ming'alu ina yamatabwa. Amayika masheya pomwe mbewa ndizocheperako: munkhalango ya paini kapena spruce.
Mtedza kapena ma acorn samasamutsidwa kamodzi, koma mpaka zidutswa 7 nthawi imodzi mu thumba lapadera la hyoid. Ogwira ntchito amabisala mpaka 4 kg ya nkhokwe zosiyanasiyana m'nyengo yozizira, ndikupereka chakudya kwa iwo okha, komanso agologolo ndi nyama zina zanjala zomwe zimapeza ma cache a jays pansi pa chipale chofewa. Mbalame zonyoza zomwezo zimayiwala komwe adayikapo masheya, ndipo zitha kuwonongeranso malo agologolo.
Mitengo yamtengo wapatali yotayika kapena yoiwalika imamera m'malo akutali. Ubwino wofesa mbewu umathandizira kukulitsa nkhalango osati ndi mitengo yaying'ono chabe, komanso hazel, chitumbuwa cha mbalame, ndi phulusa lamapiri. Milandu imafotokozedwa pomwe jays adaba zitsamba za mbatata zomwe zimabalalika kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira pafupi ndi nyumba zowumitsira. Zovuta zosavuta zimakopa mbalame kuti zizipeza phindu.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Masika ndi nyengo yokwanira kwa jays. Kusankha awiriawiri, mbalamezo zimalira, zimapanga phokoso, zimawongolera ziphuphuzo pofuna kusangalatsa. Kuwirikiza ndi kupanga zisa kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka Juni m'malo omwe akhala zaka zambiri komanso otetezedwa ku mitundu ina ya mbalame.
Ntchito yomanga chisa imachitika mogwirizana ndi zimayambira, nthambi, ubweya ndi udzu. Zisa zimapezeka panthambi zolimba pafupi ndi thunthu la mtengo kutalika kwa 1.5 mita. Akatswiri a akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amatsutsa amene amakola zowalamulira: mkazi yekha kapena mosinthana ndi wamwamuna.
Jay ali ndi anapiye mu chisa
Zotsatira zake, patatha masiku 15-17, anapiye amawoneka kuchokera kumazira 4-7 amtundu wachikasu. Chisamaliro cha makolo chimakhala mpaka nthawi yophukira, ngakhale pambuyo pa masiku 20 moyo wamanyazi wodziyimira panokha pa chisa umayamba, kufunafuna chakudya ndikuyesera kuwuluka. Anapiye amadyetsa koyamba mbozi zomwe makolo awo amabwera nazo, kenako amasinthana kukabzala chakudya. Jays amakhala okhwima pakadutsa chaka.
Nthawi yamoyo ya mbalame m'chilengedwe ndi zaka 6-7. Koma jay wakale kwambiri adalembedwa ali ndi zaka 16. Jay ndi mbalame yowala komanso yogwira ntchito. Kuyankhulana ndi munthu poyesa kuweta kumakhala kosangalatsa ndipo kumatha kukhala chikondi chenicheni. Mbalame imatha kukhulupirira munthu ndiyeno ndikofunikira kuti isadetse kuwala kwake kwauzimu ndikuwonetsa chidwi chenicheni cha mbalame ya m'nkhalango.
