Shark ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Nyamayi imadzutsa chidwi komanso mantha amtchire. Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yambiri ya nsombazi, zomwe zimatha kusiyanitsa shark wamkulu. Ndi lachiwiri kukula padziko lonse lapansi. Shaki yaikulu imatha kulemera matani anayi, ndipo kutalika kwa nsombayo nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi mita zisanu ndi zinayi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Giant Shark
Shaki zazikuluzikulu ndi za "Cetorhinus Maximus", yemwe atha kutanthauziridwa kuti "Nyama yayikulu kwambiri yam'nyanja". Umu ndi momwe anthu amafotokozera nsombazi, modabwitsidwa ndi kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe owopsa. Anthu aku Britain amatcha nsombazi "Basking", kutanthauza "kukonda mwachikondi." Nyamayo idalandira dzina ili chifukwa chazizolowezi zoyika mchira wake ndi zipsepse zakumaso m'madzi. Amakhulupirira kuti umu ndi momwe nsombazi zimakhalira padzuwa.
Chosangalatsa: Shaki wamkuluyo ali ndi mbiri yoyipa kwambiri. Pamaso pa anthu, iye ndi chilombo chowopsa chokhoza kumeza munthu wathunthu.
Pali chowonadi china pankhaniyi - kukula kwa nyama kumalola kuti imenye kwathunthu munthu wamba. Komabe, anthu alibe chidwi ndi sharki zazikulu monga chakudya nkomwe. Amadyetsa kokha pa plankton.
The giant shark ndi mtundu waukulu wa pelagic shark. Iye ndi wa banja lokhazikika. Ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe ili m'gulu lachiwonetsero la dzina lomwelo - "Cetorhinus" Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mtundu uwu ndi nsomba yachiwiri yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mitunduyi imagawidwa ngati mitundu yosamuka ya nyama. Shaki zazikulu zimapezeka m'madzi onse ozizira, zimakhala zokha komanso m'masukulu ang'onoang'ono.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Giant shark munyanja
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Thupi ndi lotayirira, kulemera kwake kwa nyama kumatha kufikira matani anayi. Poyang'ana kumbuyo kwa thupi lonse, pakamwa pakamwa komanso pamiyala yayikulu imawonekera bwino. Ming'alu ikutupa nthawi zonse. Kutalika kwa thupi kuli osachepera mita zitatu. Mtundu wa thupi ndi wakuda-bulauni, ukhoza kuphatikizapo timadontho. Sharki ili ndi zipsepse ziwiri kumbuyo, imodzi kumchira ndi zina ziwiri zili pamimba.
Kanema: Giant Shark
Chinsalu chomwe chili kumchira chimakhala chosakanikirana. Gawo lakumapeto kwa mphalapalapo ndi lalikulu pang'ono kuposa lakumunsi. Maso a Shark ndi ozungulira komanso ocheperako kuposa achibale ambiri. Komabe, izi sizikhudza kuwoneka bwino mwanjira iliyonse. Nsomba zazikulu zimatha kuwona bwino. Kutalika kwa mano sikupitilira mamilimita asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Koma chilombochi sichifuna mano akulu. Amadyetsa zamoyo zazing'ono zokha.
Chosangalatsa: Shaki wamkulu kwambiri anali wamkazi. Kutalika kwake kunali mamita 9.8. Malinga ndi malipoti osatsimikizika, pali anthu kunyanja, omwe kutalika kwake kuli ngati mita khumi ndi zisanu. Ndipo kulemera kwakukulu komwe kwalembetsedwa mwalamulo ndi matani anayi. Shaki yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe idagwidwa inali mita 1.7.
Kodi giant shark amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Giant shark underwater
Malo achilengedwe a shaki zazikulu zimaphatikizapo:
- Nyanja ya Pacific. Shark amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja za Chile, Korea, Peru, Japan, China, Zealand, Australia, California, Tasmania;
- Nyanja ya Kumpoto ndi Mediterranean;
- Nyanja ya Atlantic. Nsombazi zidawonedwa pagombe la Iceland, Norway, Brazil, Argentina, Florida;
- madzi a Great Britain, Scotland.
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimakhala m'madzi ozizira komanso ofunda. Amakonda kutentha kwa madzi pakati pa 8 mpaka 14 degrees Celsius. Komabe, nthawi zina nsombazi zimasambira m'madzi ofunda. Malo okhalamo a Shark ndi akuya mpaka mazana asanu ndi anayi mphambu khumi. Anthu, mbali inayi, amakumana ndi nsombazi zazikuluzikulu potuluka mozungulira kuchokera pagombe kapena m'mbali mwa gombe. Nsombazi zimakonda kusambira pafupi pomwepo ndi zipsepse zawo zotuluka panja.
Sharki zamtunduwu zimasamukira kwina. Kusuntha kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndikusintha kwanyengo m'malo ndi kugawa kwa plankton. Zimavomerezedwa kuti nsombazi zimatsikira m'madzi akuya nthawi yozizira, ndikupita kudera losaya pafupi ndi gombe nthawi yotentha. Umu ndi momwe amapulumukira kutentha kukamatsika. Pofunafuna chakudya, nsombazi zimatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Izi zidadziwika chifukwa chakuwona kwa asayansi pazinsomba.
Kodi shark wamkulu amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Giant shark kuchokera ku Red Book
Shaki wamkuluyo, ngakhale ali ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso kamwa yotambalala, ali ndi mano ochepa kwambiri. Poyang'ana pakamwa pawo, ali pafupifupi osazindikirika, kotero chinyama chikuwoneka chopanda mano. Pakamwa pa nsombazi ndi yaikulu kwambiri moti imatha kumeza munthu wamba. Komabe, nyama yayikulu chonchiyi ilibe chidwi ndi chilombochi, motero anthu ena amatha kuona nsombayi pamalo ake achilengedwe patali.
Zokonda za giant shark ndizochepa. Nyama izi zimangokhalira kukonda nyama zazing'ono, makamaka - plankton. Asayansi nthawi zambiri amatchula chimphona chachikulu chotchedwa shark ngati chimbudzi chokhazikika kapena chokhazikika. Nsomba iyi tsiku ndi tsiku imapambana mtunda wautali ndikatsegula pakamwa, potero imadzaza m'mimba mwake ndi plankton. Nsombayi ili ndi mimba yayikulu. Ikhoza kukhala ndi tani imodzi ya plankton. Shaki amasefa madzi, titero kunena kwake. Mu ola limodzi, pafupifupi matani awiri amadzi amadutsa m'mitsempha yake.
Shaki wamkulu amafunika chakudya chambiri kuti thupi lake liziyenda bwino. Komabe, m'nyengo yotentha komanso yozizira, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa kumasiyana kwambiri. M'chilimwe ndi masika, nsomba amadya zopatsa mphamvu pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi awiri mu ola limodzi, ndipo nthawi yozizira - mazana anayi okha.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Giant Shark
Nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zimakhala zokha. Ndi ochepa okha mwa iwo omwe amakonda kukhala pagulu laling'ono. Mfundo yonse pamoyo wa nsomba yaikulu ngati imeneyi ndi kupeza chakudya. Sharki awa amakhala masiku onse akusambira pang'onopang'ono. Amasambira ndi pakamwa potsekula, kusefa madzi ndikudzipezera okha. Kuthamanga kwawo kuli makilomita 3.7 pa ola limodzi. Shaki zazikulu zimasambira pafupi ndi zipsepse zawo kunja.
Ngati nsomba zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pamwamba pamadzi, izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa plankton kwawonjezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa china chimakhala nthawi yokwatirana. Nyama izi zimachedwa, koma nthawi zina zimatha kutuluka m'madzi. Umu ndi momwe nsombazi zimachotsera tiziromboti. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, nsomba iyi imasambira mozama osaposa ma mita mazana asanu ndi anayi, pomwe nthawi yozizira imamira. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa plankton pamtunda.
Chosangalatsa: M'nyengo yozizira, nsombazi zimayenera kudya. Izi zimalumikizidwa osati kungochepetsa zamoyo zokha, komanso kuchepa kwachangu kwa zida zachilengedwe "zosefera" zanyama. Nsombazo sizingasankhe madzi ambiri posaka nyama zam'madzi.
Shaki zazikulu zimatha kulumikizana. Amachita izi ndi manja. Ngakhale ali ndi maso ang'onoang'ono, nyama izi zimawona bwino. Amazindikira mosavuta mawonekedwe owoneka a abale awo.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Giant shark m'madzi
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu zimatha kutchedwa nyama zocheza. Amatha kukhalapo okha kapena ngati gulu laling'ono. Kawirikawiri masukulu a nsomba zotere samadutsa anthu anayi. Ndi pokha pokha pomwe nsombazi zimasunthira pagulu lalikulu - mpaka mitu zana. Mgulu, nsombazi zimakhala modekha, mwamtendere. Shaki zazikulu zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Kukula msinkhu kumangokhala ndi zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, kapena ngakhale pambuyo pake. Nsomba zimakhala zokonzeka kuswana zikafika kutalika kwa thupi osachepera mita zinayi.
Nyengo yobereketsa ya nsomba imagwera nyengo yotentha. M'chaka, nsombazi zimaswa ziwirizi, zikukwerana m'madzi osaya a m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zing'onozing'ono zimadziwika pokhudzana ndi kuswana kwa nsomba zazikuluzikulu. Zikuwoneka kuti, nthawi yazimayi yazimayi imakhala pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndipo imatha kufikira zaka zitatu ndi theka. Kuperewera kwazidziwitso kumachitika chifukwa chakuti nsombazi za pakati pa mitundu iyi sizimagwidwa kawirikawiri. Amayi apakati amayesetsa kuti asamawonongeke. Zimaberekera ana awo kumeneko.
Zitsamba sizimalumikizidwa ndi amayi ndi malumikizidwe am'mimba. Choyamba, amadyera chikasu, kenako mazira omwe sanatenge umuna. Mimba imodzi, sharki wamkulu amatha kunyamula ana asanu mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi. Shark amabadwa mita 1.5 kutalika.
Adani achilengedwe a nsombazi zazikulu
Chithunzi: Giant shark munyanja
Shaki zazikuluzikulu ndi nsomba zazikulu, chifukwa chake ali ndi adani achilengedwe ochepa.
Adani awo ndi awa:
- tiziromboti ndi timatizilombo. Sharks zimakwiyitsa ma nematode, cestode, crustaceans, ma shark akuwala aku Brazil. Komanso nyali zam'nyanja zimamamatira kwa iwo. Majeremusi sangathe kupha nyama yayikulu kwambiri, koma imamupatsa nkhawa zambiri ndikusiya zipsera mthupi. Kuti atulutse tizilombo tamoyo tating'onoting'ono, nsombazi zimayenera kudumpha m'madzi kapena kupaka pansi panyanja;
- nsomba zina. Nsomba zimayesetsa kuukira nsombazi zazikulu kwambiri. Pakati pa ma daredevils awa, nsombazi zoyera, anamgumi opha ndi anyalugwe adadziwika. Ndizovuta kuyankha momwe kusamvana kumeneku kumathera. Ndizokayikitsa kuti atha kubweretsa imfa ya nyama. Chosiyana ndi nsomba ukalamba kapena kudwala;
- anthu. Anthu amatha kutchedwa mdani woyipitsitsa wachilengedwe wa shaki zazikulu. Chiwindi cha nyama iyi ndi mafuta makumi asanu ndi limodzi, mtengo wake ndiwakulu kwambiri. Pachifukwachi, shaki zazikuluzikulu ndizakudya zokoma kwa osaka nyama. Nsombazi zimasambira pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizibisalira anthu. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugulitsa pafupifupi kwathunthu: kuphatikiza chiwindi, komanso mafupa.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Giant Shark
Nsomba zazikuluzikulu ndizosiyana, nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri za squalene. Nyama imodzi imatha kutulutsa pafupifupi malita zikwi ziwiri! Komanso nyama ya nsombazi ndizodya. Kuphatikiza apo, zipsepse zimadyedwa ndi anthu. Amapanga msuzi wabwino kwambiri. Ndipo khungu, chichereĊµechereĊµe, ndi mbali zina za nsombazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala achikhalidwe. Komabe, mpaka pano, pafupifupi gawo lonse lachilengedwe silinaphedwe ndi nsomba izi.
Sharki zamtunduwu sizimavulaza anthu. Samenya anthu, chifukwa amakonda kudya nkhono zokha. Mutha kukhudza shaki yayikulu ndi dzanja lanu, koma muyenera kusamala, chifukwa mutha kuvulazidwa ndi masikelo a placoid. Kuvulaza kwawo kumangoyendetsa zombo zazing'ono zophera nsomba. Mwina nsomba amaziona ngati shark wa anyamata kapena atsikana. Kuperewera kwa kusodza kovomerezeka kumalumikizidwa ndi kutha pang'onopang'ono kwa mitunduyo. Chiwerengero cha nsombazi chimachepa. Nsombazi zidapatsidwa gawo lotetezera: Ali pachiwopsezo.
Chiwerengero cha nsomba zazikuluzikulu chatsika kwambiri, motero nyamazo sizinapatsidwe udindo wongowasungira zokha. Sharki awa adaphatikizidwa ndi International Red Book, ndipo mayiko angapo apanga njira zapadera zodzitetezera.
Kusunga nsombazi zazikulu
Chithunzi: Giant shark kuchokera ku Red Book
Chiwerengero cha nsomba zazikulu masiku ano ndi chotsika, chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:
- kusodza;
- kubereka kwachilengedwe pang'onopang'ono kwa ziweto;
- kupha;
- Kufa mu maukonde;
- kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.
Chifukwa cha zomwe zatchulidwazi, kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazikuluzikulu kwatsika kwambiri. Izi zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndi usodzi komanso kupha nyama mosavomerezeka, komwe kukufalikirabe m'maiko ena. Ndipo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazikuluzikulu alibe nthawi yoti achire. Komanso, opha nyama mosaka nyama, omwe amagwira nyama kuti apindule nawo, amakhudza chiwerengerochi.
Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa shaki zazikuluzikulu, nyamayo idalembedwa mu International Red Book. Ndondomeko yapaderadera idapangidwanso kuti asunge zamoyozi. Mayiko angapo akhazikitsa malamulo ena omwe amathandizira kuteteza zamoyo za "Giant Shark". Zoletsa zoyambirira kusodza zidakhazikitsidwa ndi UK. Kenako Malta, USA, New Zealand, Norway adalowa nawo. Komabe, m'maiko ambiri lamuloli silikukhudza nyama zakufa kapena zakufa. Nsombazi zitha kutengedwa, kutayidwa kapena kugulitsidwa. Chifukwa cha zomwe zatengedwa, ndizotheka kupulumutsa anthu omwe alipo asaka.
Shaki yaikulu - wokhala mwapadera m'madzi yemwe amasangalala ndi kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe owopsa. Komabe, ngakhale amawoneka motere, nsombazi, mosiyana ndi abale awo apafupi, ndizotetezeka mwamtheradi kwa anthu. Amadyetsa kokha pa plankton.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 05/10/2020
Tsiku losintha: 24.02.2020 ku 22:48
