Chonyamulira - mbalame yokongola komanso yaying'ono yochokera kubanja la snipe. Zowona, palibe mbalame zazikulu m'banjali konse. Aliyense wa ife akhoza kukumana ndionyamula m'dera la Russia. Amakhala mu ukapolo komanso zisa m'malo ake achilengedwe. Wonyamulirayo ndi nthumwi wamba ya mbalame, yomwe poyambirira ilibe mawonekedwe ake. Malingaliro awa ndi olakwika, ndipo kuti tiwatsutse, tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane za mbalame ngati wonyamula.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Ofufuza ndi akatswiri a mbalame amati mbalameyi idawoneka koyamba ku Eurasia, ndiko kuti, m'malo ake achilengedwe. Mpaka pano, pakati pa asayansi, nthawi zina mikangano yokhudza dziko lomwe amapezeka imatha kuchitika. Ena amakhulupirira kuti anali Russia, ena amatchulabe mayiko aku Europe, ndipo ena amati adamuwona akusamukira kumayiko otentha, makamaka ku Africa.
Mwambiri, ngati timalankhula za banja lokhala ndi snipe, ndiye kuti wonyamulirayo ndi mbalame yapakatikati. Nthenga imakhala ndi miyendo yayifupi, khosi lalitali ndi mlomo wazipakati. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti mchira waonyamula ndiwosiyana kukula kwake ndi mbalame zina. Ndi laling'ono kwambiri kotero kuti ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa mapiko. Akazi a mtundu uwu ndi akulu 25% -30% kuposa amuna.
Amuna amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 45-50. Kodi mungaganizire zazing'ono izi? Ngati mwadzidzidzi amuyika mdzanja lanu, ndiye kuti simudzatha kumva chilichonse, chifukwa ndikulemera kochepa kwa munthu. Kutalika kwa thupi lamwamuna kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 20, ndipo mapiko awo amakhala ochokera masentimita 35 mpaka 40.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Mwambiri, mbalame zonse za banja lokhalokha zimakhala ndi magawo akunja ofanana, komabe, monga onse, wonyamulirayo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mbalame zimasintha nthenga zawo kawiri pachaka. M'nthawi yotentha, amakhala ndi nthenga zofiirira zotuwa zokhala ndi mizere ing'onoing'ono yopingasa. Kumbuyo kumakhala kofiirira-lalanje, komwe kumawoneka ngati mbalame ili kwinakwake pafupi. Pamimba pamakhala nthenga zoyera, komanso pakhosi pake pali zidontho zakuda. Wonyamulirayo ali ndi mchira wozungulira. Pali mikwingwirima yoyera m'mbali mwake. Mlomo wa wonyamulirayo ndi wabulauni yakuda. Pansi pake, kumakhala kopepuka. Iris ndi yoyera ndipo miyendo ndi yamchenga imvi.
M'nyengo yozizira, wonyamulirayo amatenga nthenga zosafota poyerekeza ndi chilimwe. Zinthu zonse zomwe tidaziwona mu nthenga zaonyamula munyengo yotentha zimakhala naye, komabe, alibe zambiri zomveka.
Achinyamata ali ndi nthenga zambiri zaimvi komanso zotuwa. Zili ndi mawonekedwe kumbuyo kwawo omwe amatha kuwona ngakhale patali kwambiri. Zimakhala ndi m'mbali mwa buffy ndi mikwingwirima yam'mbuyo yam'mbuyo yam'mapiko am'mapiko am'mbuyo ndi yamapiko. Mimba imakhala yofanana ndi nthenga zake kwa munthu wamkulu nthawi yachisanu.
Kodi wonyamulirayo amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Wonyamulirayo ali ndi kugawa kwakukulu. Mndende, mbalameyi imapezeka ku Europe, Asia, Australia ndi Africa. Mu 2 omaliza, wonyamulirayo amakhala nthawi yokhayo yosamukira. Tikalemba mayiko onse omwe mbalamezi zimapezeka, ndiye kuti mudzasowa kuwerenga izi. Ku Russia, mbalameyi imatha kukhala pachilichonse m'chigawo chonse, kupatula Nyanja ya Arctic ndi madera akuluakulu. Nthawi yachisanu yodziwika kwambiri ndi Africa. Kumeneku, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mphepete mwa Nile Valley komanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yomwe ili kumwera kwenikweni kwa Sahara.
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za malo onyamulawo. Choyambirira, uwu ndi mtundu womwe umakhalapo pafupi ndi madzi. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kuti wonyamula akhale moyo. Mbalameyi imapezeka m'mbali mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje yosiyanasiyana. Komanso malo okhala achilengedwe amtunduwu akuphatikizapo nyanja ndi madambo. Wonyamulirayo amathanso kupezeka m'dera la nkhalango zowuma, komabe, monga tanena kale, mwina padzakhala mtundu wina wa posungira pafupi.
Wonyamula amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Wonyamulirayo amadyetsa makamaka nyama zomwe zili pafupi ndi komwe amakhala. Nthawi zambiri imakonda nyama zopanda mafinya ngati chakudya chake, chomwe chimaphatikiza ma crustaceans ndi ma molluscs. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mbalameyi imavutanso kuyesa tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri amasankha pakati pa ziwala, midges, crickets, mbozi, kafadala, akangaude ndi mbozi. Akatswiri odziwa za mbalame apeza kuti pa zonsezi, mphutsi za coleoptera ndi udzudzu nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo.
M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kudya nkhono zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala mumitsinje ya Africa ndi Australia. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kumayiko okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, tizilombo timasiyana mosiyana ndi ku Europe. Chikhala chodabwitsa kwambiri kwa wonyamulirayo akakumana ndi nyongolotsi kapena nkhanu m'malo ouma.
Wonyamulirayo amanyamula chakudya kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi kapena pansi pafupi ndi dziwe. Mbalameyi imathanso kugwira tizilombo tomwe timauluka.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Chonyamulira m'moyo wake wonse, zimawonetsa ntchito zake makamaka masana. Woimira mbalame amatha kugona pang'ono tsiku lonse. Mbalameyi imatha kupuma paphiri laling'ono, monga ziphuphu, miyala, zipika. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuti dera m'chigawochi liyenera kuwoneka mosavuta.
Ntchito yayikulu yonyamula ndi kudzisamalira komanso kusaka chakudya. Mbalameyi imatha kuchita tsiku lonse kusaka tizilombo, kusamba komanso kusambira m'madzi. Wonyamulirayo amatha kuthawa mbalame zodya nyama mwa kulowa m'madzi.
Chosangalatsa: mchira wonyamulirayo ukuyenda mokhazikika. Imayenda chokwera ndi chotsika. Asayansi sanapezebe chifukwa cha izi.
Mbalame zimakhala zokha, kupatula kuswana. M'mikangano ya interspecies, onyamula amakodolana wina ndi mnzake, amakalipira, ndikukwera misana yawo. Mvula ikagwa komanso kukaikira mazira, amakhala malo.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Nthawi yoswana, yomwe imatha pafupifupi miyezi 4 kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, onyamula amakonda kukhazikika m'deralo pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Makono amphongo ndi trill yachilendo mlengalenga. Mbalame zimakhazikika m'madzi osaya m'mbali mwa mchenga kapena miyala yamiyala. Zomera zakunyanja zimakondedwanso m'malo okhalamo, momwe onyamula amabisa chisa chawo ndikuzigwiritsanso ntchito ngati zotchingira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mbalame zizibisalira adani.
Chisa ndi dzenje kapena kupsinjika pansi. Nthawi zina zimawoneka osati m'nkhalango zokha, komanso pafupi ndi mtengo wabodza, womwe suli pafupi ndi madzi. Pofundira nthawi zambiri pamakhala mazira 4 kukula kwake kwa masentimita 3.5. Mtundu wawo umasiyanasiyana kuyambira utoto wobiriwira mpaka zoyera. Mawonekedwe a mazira ndi mawanga okhala ndi mawanga akuda kwambiri ndi ofiira ofiira pamwamba.
Makulitsidwe amachitanso chimodzimodzi, chachikazi ndi chachimuna chimachitanso chimodzimodzi. Makolo pa mphindi izi amakhala osamala, osamala, yesetsani kuti asakope chidwi chawo. Ngati mwadzidzidzi azindikira zoopsa, ndiye kuti amachoka pachisa nthawi yomweyo. Anapiye aswedwa amalandira maphunziro ndi chisamaliro nthawi zambiri kuchokera kwa makolo onse. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, makandawo amathawira koyamba, ndipo onyamulawo amasamukira kumwera.
Adani achilengedwe aonyamula
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Wonyamulirayo, monga mbalame zina zazing'ono, ali ndi adani ake achilengedwe. Akuluakulu nthawi ndi nthawi amatha kuvutika mosayembekezereka ndi ma weasel ndi nyama zina zomwe zimakonda kudya mbalame.
Nthawi zambiri akadzidzi ndi mbewa amasaka mazira ndi nkhuku zazing'ono zamtunduwu. Dziwani kuti mwana wonyamula ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa mbalame zina zikuluzikulu. Mwakutero, pankhaniyi, mitundu yomwe tikuganizira ikuyesa m'njira iliyonse kuti ibise chisa chake, pomwe pakhoza kukhala zowalamulira kapena anapiye ang'ono.
Munthu yemwe ali ndi zomangamanga zomwe zikukula mwachangu ndi m'modzi mwa adani aonyamula. Chifukwa cha ukadaulo wathu waposachedwa komanso zomwe zachitika, chilengedwe chimakhala choyamba kuvutika.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Chonyamulira
Pankhani yonyamula, pakadali pano pali achikulire oposa 250,000 omwe atha msinkhu. Udindo wa mitunduyi ungapezeke mu International Red Data Book, pomwe dzinali limaperekedwa momveka bwino ngati mitundu ya "zosafunikira kwenikweni". Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti onyamulawo akuchita bwino kwambiri. Monga nyama zambiri, anthu amafika panjira. Ndipo chaka chilichonse, ngati simusamala posunga kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi, zoyipa za anthu pazonyamula zidzawonjezeka. Makamaka, chitukuko cha zomangamanga ndiye choyenera: kumanga mizinda, zingwe zamagetsi ndi zina zotero. Ngati anthu akukula ndikulimbikira, ndiye kuti mbalame zosauka sizikhala ndi malo obisalira.
Komanso, mbalame zimavulazidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima motsutsana ndi tizirombo. Ndipo, ndithudi, mbalame yachilendoyi imasakidwa ndi chisangalalo. Ngati ziwopsezozi zipitilira ndikupitiliza kukula, ndiye kuti zamoyozi zitha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusamalira osalakwitsa zomwe zingakhudze mbalame zosangalatsa mtsogolomo.
Chonyamulira - kambalame kakang'ono kokongola kamene kamakhala m'dziko lathu. Mwambiri, bizinesi yake mwachilengedwe ikuyenda bwino. Chiwerengero cha mitunduyi chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse, koma sitiyenera kupumula ndikuponya manja athu pazachilengedwe. Ndikofunikira kwa wonyamula ndi mbalame zina kuti zinthu ziziyenda mwachilengedwe. Tiyeni tisamalire nyama zomwe zimagwira ntchito mosasinthika m'miyoyo yathu.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 04/26/2020
Tsiku losintha: 26.04.2020 ku 21:25
