Kambuku woyera ndi m'modzi mwa oimira akulu kwambiri m'banja lachifumu. Ndi nyama yoopsa kwambiri yomwe ili ndi thupi lamphamvu, losinthasintha komanso lolimba. Kulimbikira ndi luso. Wogwidwa ndi kambuku alibe mwayi wokhala ndi moyo. Komabe, akambuku amasamala kwambiri za ana awo. Amasamalira madera awo mwachidwi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: White Tiger
Nyama yochokera ku feline. Nyama. Ndi ya mtundu wa Panthera ndipo ndi m'modzi mwa oimira owoneka bwino kwambiri amtunduwu. Anthu akambukuwa adayambiranso ku Pleistocene, zotsalira za omwe adapezekawo ali ndi zaka 1.82 miliyoni. Zotsalira zoyambirira za akambuku akale zidapezeka pachilumba cha Java ku Asia. M'mbuyomu, amakhulupirira kuti kwawo ndi Tigers ndi China, komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa mdera lino watsutsa izi. Komanso zotsalira za akambuku am'mapeto a Pleistocene anapezeka ku China, India ku Altai ndi Siberia ku Japan ndi Sakhalin.
Kanema: White Tiger
Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri ofukula zakale amafufuza, amadziwika kuti nyalugwe adasiyana ndi makolo zaka zoposa 2 miliyoni zapitazo. Kale kwambiri kuposa mamembala ena mkalasi. Asayansi amadziwanso kuti makolo akale a akambuku anali okulirapo kuposa oimira amakalasi awa. Akambuku oyera oyera amakono adapezeka koyamba mu 1951.
Mtundu wa nyalugwe umasiyanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa masinthidwe, ndipo ndi wosowa kwambiri nyama zakutchire. Mtundu uwu wafalikira podutsa kambuku woyera ndi wamkazi wachikaso. Makolo omwe ali ndi mtundu wamba, nthawi zina amabadwa ana oyera. M'masiku amakono, akambuku oyera amakhala bwinobwino ndikuswana m'malo osungira ana ndi malo osungira nyama.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Nyalugwe woyera woyera
Kambuku woyera ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri komanso yamphamvu. Chilombo chowopsa. Kambuku wamphongo woyera amalemera makilogalamu 180 mpaka 270, kutengera komwe nyama imakhalako, komanso njira yamoyo, kulemera kwake ndi kutalika kwake zimatha kukhala zazikulu. Panali amuna olemera mpaka 370 kg. Amadziwika kuti nyama yomwe imakhala m'makontinenti ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa akambuku omwe amakhala pazilumbazi.
Makhalidwe a thupi la kambuku woyera:
- Kutalika kumafota 1.17 m. Kutalika kwa amuna akulu pafupifupi 2.3-2.5 m;
- Akambuku oyera oyera amakhala opepuka kulemera ndi kukula;
- Kulemera kwa mkazi wamkulu ndi makilogalamu 100-179. Kutalika kuchokera 1.8 mpaka 2.2 m;
- Akambuku amakhala ndi thupi lolimba bwino. Komanso, mbali yakutsogolo ya thupi la akambuku ndiyotukuka kwambiri kuposa gawo lakumbuyo;
- Kukula kwapakati pamutu wamwamuna wamkulu pafupifupi 210 mm. Akambuku ali ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira, okhala ndi tsitsi loyera mkati mwa khutu;
- Iris wamaso ndi imvi-buluu. Akambuku amatha kuona bwino mumdima.
Popeza kambukuyu ndi nyama yodya kwambiri, ali ndi nsagwada zotuluka bwino ndi mano akuthwa. Kambuku wamkulu amakhala ndi mano 30. Njira yopezera mano m'nyalugwe ndi iyi: kuchokera pansi pali zitoliro zazikulu ziwiri ndi zipilala 6, dzino la 1 wojambula ndi mano awiri asanakwane. Pamaso mano atatu asanakwane ndi wojambula m'modzi.
Akambuku ali ndi mano akuluakulu otukuka, omwe kukula kwake kuli pafupifupi masentimita 9. Ziphuphu zimenezi zimathandiza kupha nyamayo ndi kung'amba nyama.
Chovala cha akambuku ndi chofunda komanso cholimba. Akambuku a kumadera ozizira amakhala ndi malaya odera kwambiri. Chivundikirocho ndi chochepa, malaya ndi oyera. Tsitsi ndilochepa. Utsi waimvi wotuwa uli ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Pali mikwingwirima yakuda pafupifupi 100 thupi lonse lanyama. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti akambuku oyera ndi osowa kwambiri, ndipo adapeza utoto chifukwa chosintha.
Kodi kambuku woyera amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Pafupifupi, akambuku amakhala munyama kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 17. Komabe, palinso azaka zana limodzi omwe amakhala motalikirapo. M'mikhalidwe yosungidwa, moyo wa kambuku ndiwotalika zaka zingapo.
Kodi akambuku oyera amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Kambuku woyera kuchokera ku Red Book
Malo okhala akambuku oyera ndi ofanana ndi akambuku ena aku Bengal. Malo achilengedwe amtunduwu ndi North ndi Central India, Nepal. Malo azachilengedwe a Terai Douar. Magombe a Ganges ndi Bangladesh. Oimira amtunduwu amapezeka ku Asia. Kuchokera komwe amatsogolera anthu awo. Chilumba cha Java, Afghanistan, Iran ndi Hindustan.
Akambuku oyera amakhala makamaka mu ukapolo, koma mwachilengedwe mitundu iyi imapezeka mu 1 kambuku zikwi khumi okhala ndi mtundu wabwinobwino.
Kodi kambuku woyera amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Nyalugwe woyera woyera kwambiri
Kambuku ndi nyama yodya, ndipo chakudya cha amphaka akuluakulu makamaka chimakhala ndi nyama. Akambuku oyera amakonda kudya nyama za ziboda.
Omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi akambuku ndi awa:
- mbawala;
- mbawala zamphongo;
- nguluwe zakutchire;
- mphalapala;
- matepi;
- musk agwape.
Komanso akambuku nthawi zina amatha kudya mbalame. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi ma pheasants ndi ma partgeges, hares ang'ono odyetsa ndi nyama zina. Ndipo, zowonadi, mphaka aliyense amakonda nsomba. Akambuku sachita mantha ndi madzi ndipo amasangalala kugwira nyama zomwe zawonongedwa. Akambuku oyera amakhala nthawi yambiri akusaka.
M'nyengo yotentha, nyalugwe amatha kubisalira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikutsata nyama yomwe yagwira. Akambukuwo ndi nyama yaukhondo komanso yochenjera kwambiri, ndipo imabwera kumene ikuwagwira ndi timapazi ting'onoting'ono komanso taukhondo. Kusaka kumalowa kuchokera mbali ya leeward, kotero kuti wovulalayo sanathe kununkhiza. Pokhala ndi chidaliro chakuti nyamayo sitha kuthawa kulumpha kangapo, nyamayo imamugwira.
Nyalugwe wa nyama zazing'ono ndi makina enieni amafani. Ndizovuta kuthawa iye. Akambuku ndi achangu komanso othamanga. Pothamanga, liwiro lawo ndi 60 km / h. Pogonjetsa wovulalayo, nyalugweyo amamuponyera pansi ndikuthyola khosi ndi msana. Nyalugwe kenako amanyamula nyama yakufa ija ndi mano ake kupita nayo ku dzenje lake, kumene amang'amba ndi mano ake.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: White Tiger
Akambuku akuluakulu ndi nyama zolusa zomwe zikuteteza madera awo mosalola kuti alendo azilowa. Akambuku amalemba katundu wawo posiya zilembo za mkodzo paliponse pa tchire, mitengo, miyala. Akambuku amphongo amakhala ndi kusaka okha. Atazindikira mlendo kudera lake, yamphongo imamuyankha mwankhanza, ndipo ayesa kuthamangitsa mlendoyo mderalo. Kupatula akambuku ena, kambukuyu alibe opikisana naye pakati pa adani.
Akambuku achichepere amakhala okha mpaka nthawi yoti iswane ifike. Matigari mitala. Ndipo ndi mkazi m'modzi wamwamuna m'modzi. Akambuku ndi nyama zakutchire. Amada nkhawa ndi ana awo, amapanga phanga, amasamalira ana awo. Amayi ndi ana amasakidwa komanso kutetezedwa.
Akambuku nawonso ndi ankhanza kwa anthu. Kukumana ndi bambo ndi kambuku mwachilengedwe kumatanthauza kufa. M'malo osungira zachilengedwe ndi malo osungira nyama, nyama sizikhala zankhanza kwambiri ndipo zimalola anthu kudzisamalira. Maphunziro a kambuku ndi ovuta komanso owopsa. Akambukuwa ndi nyama yakutchire ndipo kuweta mtunduwu ndizosatheka. Komabe, ku America, kumakhalabe akambuku okhala m'nyumba, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ana a nyama zamasewera, omwe makolo awo adazolowera kale anthu.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: White Tiger Cub
Akambuku amakhala okha ndipo amagwirizana m'mabanja m'nyengo yoswana. Yokhala ndi mkazi wamwamuna komanso mwana. Nthawi zambiri, abambo amathamangitsa akazi, kuwonetsa ndi grimace yotsimikizika kuti ali wokonzeka kukwatira. Koma zowona kuti akazi okha amabwera kwa amuna sizachilendo. Ngati amuna angapo afunsira wamkazi m'modzi, pamakhala nkhondo pakati pawo. Nkhondoyo imatha ndikamwalira nyama imodzi. Wamphamvu kwambiri amatenga chachikazi.
Akambuku amakumana kangapo pachaka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mu Disembala kapena Januware. Ngakhale sizitengera nyengo. Amuna amazindikira kuti chachikazi ndi chokonzeka kukwatiwa ndi fungo la mkodzo wamkazi. Kukondana kumachitika kangapo. Kambuku wamkulu wamkazi wamkazi woyera amabereka zinyalala zake zoyambirira ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 4. Nthawi zambiri, mwana wachiwiri amabadwa patadutsa zaka zochepa. Mimba ya nyalugwe wamkazi imakhala pafupifupi masiku 103.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, tigress amakonza phanga lake kubadwa kwa anawo. Kuonetsetsa kuti ndikotetezeka kwathunthu. Inde, pakapita nthawi, tigress amapita kukasaka, kusiya anawo m'phanga. M'ngalande imodzi, ana atatu kapena anayi amabadwa. Anawo amawoneka akhungu, ndipo kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira amadyetsedwa ndi mkaka wa amayi. Popita nthawi, amayambanso kupita kokasaka ndi amayi awo.
Akambuku oyera sanabadwe kawirikawiri, onse awiri heterozygous orange okhala ndi azungu amakhala ndi mwayi 25% wobereka ana oyera. Mphukira pomwe kholo limodzi ndi loyera, ndipo inayo ndi yachikaso, imatha kukhala yoyera, kapena yachikaso. Mpata wobadwa kwa kambuku woyera ndi 50%.
Adani achilengedwe akambuku oyera
Chithunzi: White Tiger Red Book
Popeza Kambuku Woyera ndi nyama yayikulu komanso yoopsa, ili ndi adani ochepa.
Adani achilengedwe a kambuku woyera ndi awa:
- Njovu. Njovu imaponda kambuku, ngakhale njovu sizimva kupsa mtima ndi nyamazi ndipo zimatha kukhala mwamtendere pafupi. Njovu imagwira kambuku kokha pamene yawopa, ikumva zoopsa, kapena ikalandira lamulo kuchokera kwa munthu. Ku India, anthu ankakonda kusaka akambuku pa njovu. Kupha akambuku ndi zida. Imeneyi inali njira yabwino kwambiri yosakira anthu.
- Zimbalangondo zofiirira. Chimbalangondo chofiirira sichimatha kulimbana ndi kambuku wamkulu wamkulu, ndipo mosemphanitsa, zimbalangondo zomwe zimaphedwa ndi kambuku nthawi zambiri zimapezeka. Koma kakulidwe kakang'ono kapena chimbalangondo chachikazi chofooka chimatha kupha.
- Munthu. Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa akambuku kumachokera kwa anthu. Kuwononga malo achilengedwe a nyama ndi anthu. Mwa kumanga mizinda pochotsa nkhalango ndi nkhalango Kuwonjezeka kwa anthu kumachitika makamaka chifukwa chosaka akambuku. Mankhwala achi China amagwiritsa ntchito zibambo, ziwalo, ndi minofu ya akambuku. Ndiponso zikopa za nyama zamtengo wapatali ndizodzikongoletsa m'nyumba zolemera, monga nyama zodzaza. Kwa nthawi yayitali ku India, kusaka nyalugwe m'zaka za 19th ndi koyambirira kwa 20th kunali kwakukulu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Nyalugwe woyera woyera
Anthu akambuku akuchepa mofulumira chaka chilichonse. Pali anthu 6,470 okha padziko lonse lapansi. Akambuku a Amur ndi anthu 400 okha. Akambuku oyera ndi osowa ndipo ali pafupi kutha. Kuwonongedwa kwa malo achilengedwe, kumangidwa kwa mizinda ndi misewu kumapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa akambuku oyera akuchepa. Kuphatikiza apo, kusaka ndi kuzunza kwadzetsa mavuto osayerekezeka kwa akambuku padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitundu yoyera kambuku yoyera idalembedwa mu Red Book, kugwira ndi kusaka akambuku ndikoletsedwa. Udindo wa mitunduyo mu Red Data Book ndi "mitundu yomwe ili pangozi". Akambuku oyera amatetezedwa mosamala m'maiko onse ndipo kuwasaka ndikosaloledwa.
Kuteteza akambuku oyera
Chithunzi: Kambuku woyera kuchokera ku Red Book
Kusunga nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha za White Tiger, izi zachitika:
- Kuletsa kwathunthu kusaka akambuku amtundu uliwonse kwayambitsidwa. Akambuku oyera amatetezedwa mwapadera padziko lonse lapansi. Ku India, akambuku oyera ndi chuma chamtundu. Kusaka akambuku masiku ano kumachitika ndi anthu opha nyama mopanda chilolezo ndipo amaweruzidwa. Kupha akambuku ndi chilango chalamulo komanso kulipiritsa chindapusa komanso kumangidwa.
- Kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhokwe. Monga tanena kale, akambuku oyera amakhala makamaka m'malo osungidwa. Akatswiri a zooologist amathandizira kukhalabe ndi mitunduyi podutsa akambuku oyera ndi akambuku amtundu wabwinobwino. M'malo osungidwa, nyama zimakhala bwino ndipo zimatha kuberekana. Pafupifupi nthumwi zonse za mitundu iyi, zomwe sizisungidwa m'malo osungidwa, zimakhala ndi kholo limodzi. Iyi ndi nyalugwe woyera wotchedwa Mohan. Popita nthawi, ana adasamutsidwa kupita kumalo osungira padziko lonse lapansi, komwe adaberekanso ana oyera.
- Kutsata wailesi ndi njira zowunikira nyama. Njira yotsatirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza nyamayo ndikumvetsetsa bwino zizolowezi za nyama ndikuphunzira momwe nyalugwe amakhalira m'malo ake achilengedwe. Khola lokhala ndi tracker yapadera yomwe imafalitsa chizindikiro cha GPS imayikidwa pa nyama. Chifukwa chake, munthu amatha kutsata komwe kuli nyama. Zimathandizira kuwunika thanzi la nyama ndikupewa matenda akulu pakati pa nyama. Nthawi zambiri, dongosololi limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungira akulu.
Kambuku woyera ndi chozizwitsa chenicheni cha chilengedwe. Zowopsa, koma monga nthawi yawonetsera, nyama yosatetezeka kwambiri. Kambuku woyera Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi munthu, imatha kutha pankhope patadutsa zaka makumi angapo, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuteteza chilengedwe ndikuthandizira akambuku. Tiyeni tisunge nyama iyi padziko lapansi m'badwo watsopano.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 23.01.2019
Idasinthidwa: 17.09.2019 pa 12:18
