Pekingese (Rekingese) ndi mtundu, womwe umadziwikanso kuti "Galu Woyera wa Nyumba Yamafumu achi China," ndipo udabadwira m'chigawo chakale cha China zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo. Masiku ano, oimira mtunduwu amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo chidwi chazinyama zotere sichitha.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Dzina la mtundu wachilendowu limachokera mumzinda wa Beijing ku China, omwe nzika zake zimamutcha Pekingese "galu Fu"... Agalu oterewa amasungidwa ndi banja la mfumu yaku China munyumba yachifumu, komanso samapezekanso kwa anthu wamba. Amakhulupirira kuti ziweto zazing'onozi ndi mizimu yoyang'anira. Mwamaonekedwe, a Pekingese samafanana ndi agalu, koma mikango yaying'ono.
Maonekedwe a galu wachifumu ku Europe adadziwika ndikulandidwa kwa Nyumba Yachilimwe ku Beijing ndi aku Britain. Ndipamene mfumu yayikulu Pekingese idakhala zikho za omwe adalowa nawo ndipo adatengedwa kunyumba yachifumu. A Pekingese adawonetsedwa koyamba pachiwonetsero ku Europe, ndipo kalabu yoyamba yokonda mitundu idapangidwa ku America.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pali nthano yakale yaku China momwe mfumu ya nyama zonse, mkango, idakondana ndi nyani, chifukwa chake ana obadwa muukwatiwu adalandira mawonekedwe oseketsa a amayi awo komanso mawonekedwe onyadira a abambo awo.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, nthumwi za mtunduwu zasintha kwambiri, zakhala zolemetsa komanso zamasamba poyerekeza ndi makolo awo. Akatswiri oweta mahatchi komanso agalu azolowera kukonda nyama zokhala ndi malaya ataliatali, osiririka komanso gawo lofunika, lonyada.
Kufotokozera kwa Pekingese
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imaloledwa malinga ndi mitundu, koma mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi wofiira. Palinso nthumwi za mtunduwo wakuda, fawn ndi utoto. Pekingese wamba wamba ndi oyera. Kukhalapo kwa chigoba chakuda pamaso sikofunikira. Maso a nyamawo ndi akulu, akuda mdima, owonekera bwino.
Kutalika kwa Pekingese wamkulu wopanda msuzi pakufota kumasiyana pakati pa masentimita 15 mpaka 25. Komabe, kutalika kwa kanyamaka kumakhala mkati mwa masentimita 23, ndikulemera kwa 3.6-5.4 kg. Kulemera kwa galu kumatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa 3.2-5.0 kg. Pali zitsanzo za mtundu uwu zomwe ndizokulirapo. Maso akuyenera kukhala otalikirana.
Ndizosangalatsa! Zimaganiziridwa kuti nthawi ina panali mzere wa zomwe zimatchedwa "blue English Pekingese", zomwe zimawoneka ngati mtundu wa imvi kapena utsi.
Mphuno ndi yotakata komanso yayifupi, yowonekera bwino, yokhala ndi khola loyenda pamlatho wa mphuno. Mphuno ndi yakuda ndipo ili ndi mphuno zotseguka. Mbiri ya Pekingese ndi yopanda pake.
Miyezo ya ziweto
Galu mnzake akuyenera kutsatira miyezo yokhazikitsidwa yovomerezedwa ndi Federation of Kennel International (FCI):
- mutu waukulu molingana molingana m'malo mozama;
- mosabisa m'dera pakati makutu, lonse koma osati ozungulira chigaza;
- adatchula kusintha kuchokera pamphumi mpaka pakamwa;
- mbiri ndiyabwino;
- mphuno ili mosamalitsa pakati pa maso;
- Kukhalapo kwa pigment yakuda pamilomo, mphuno ndi kupindika kwa maso ndikofunikira;
- mphuno yayikulu komanso yayifupi yokhala ndi mphuno zazikulu ndi zotseguka;
- khola limayambira masaya mpaka mlatho wa mphuno;
- Mphuno ndi yotakata, ndi nsagwada zolimba komanso zamphamvu;
- milomo yakumunsi ndi yakumtunda ndiyofanana;
- mano ndi lilime siziwoneka;
- maso ndi oyera komanso akulu, ozungulira mawonekedwe, amdima komanso owala;
- makutu ali opangidwa ndi mawonekedwe amtima, pamlingo wa mzere wapamwamba, pafupi ndi mutu;
- khosi ndi lakuda ndi lalifupi;
- thupi ndi lolemera kutsogolo, lalifupi, ndi chiuno chodziwika;
- chifuwa chokhala ndi nthiti zokhota kwambiri;
- mchira utakhazikika, utayandikira, utakhota pang'ono mbali, utakongoletsa tsitsi lalitali;
- mbali zakutsogolo zimakhala zakuda komanso zazifupi, ndi mafupa akuluakulu komanso mafupa okhota;
- mapewa m'malo mopendekeka, kuyang'ana mmbuyo, osati otchuka;
- Zigongono zimakanikizika mthupi;
- Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yopepuka kuposa kutsogolo, yokhala ndi ngodya zolimbitsa;
- nkhumba ndizokhazikika;
- phazi lathyathyathya ndi lalikulu, osati lozungulira, lotembenukira kunja pang'ono kapena kuloza kutsogolo;
- mayendedwe ndi odekha, onyada, ndikuyenda moyandikana kwa miyendo yakumbuyo.
Chovalacho ndi chachitali komanso chowongoka, chokhala ndi mane olemera omwe amafikira pamapewa ndikupanga kolala pakhosi mosavuta... Chovala chakunja ndi chokhotakhota, chovala chamkati chofewa. Tsitsi lokongoletsa lili pamakutu, mchira, kumbuyo kwa miyendo ndi zala. Kutalika ndi utali wa chovalacho sichimabisa matupi a thupi. Mitundu yonse ya malaya ndi zolemba ndizololedwa, kupatula zophika kapena albino.
Khalidwe la galu
Pekingese amakonda kukumbukira kukumbutsa eni ake kutsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri, komwe amachokera ku regal, chifukwa chake akuyembekeza kupukutidwa, kusamalidwa ndikuwakonda. Komabe, chiweto chotere sichingatchedwe galu wosalimba kapena wosakhwima kwambiri. Pekingese, mosasamala zaka, sadziwa mantha ndipo ndiosangalatsa kwambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa! Malinga ndi miyezo yamasiku ano, Pekingese weniweni ayenera kukhala wopanda mantha, wokhulupirika, wopatukana pang'ono, koma wopanda manyazi kapena wankhanza.
Galu mnzakeyu amakhala ndi ana mokhulupirika kwambiri, komabe amadziona kuti ndi munthu wapadera ndipo amafuna chisamaliro chochuluka. Wodziyimira pawokha komanso wonyada mwachilengedwe, galu amapereka chidwi chake kwa eni ake, ndipo amayamikiridwanso ndi anthu chifukwa cha chikondi chawo komanso kudzipereka kopanda malire kubanja lawo.
Utali wamoyo
Chakudya choyenera, kuyenda pafupipafupi, kulumikizana kokwanira ndi mwini wake, komanso kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala kwa nthawi yake ndizofunikira kuti chiweto chizikhala motalika. Nthawi yayitali ya galu wa Pekingese imakhala zaka pafupifupi 16-18. Mitundu yazinyama nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi zaka khumi ndi zitatu.
Oimira amtunduwu amadziwika ndi tambala komanso masewera, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi agalu akulu, chifukwa chake amatha kudwala chifukwa chaukali wawo komanso kulumidwa.
Zolemba za Pekingese
Kona yotsekedwa ya Pekingese imatha kuyimilidwa ndi bedi ngati kanyumba kakang'ono, mtanga, bokosi lokhala ndi kapeti yofewa komanso yoyera... Maofesi otentha m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba sayenera kupitirira 20 ° C, chifukwa cha thanzi la a Pekingese. Ngati mukufuna kuthandizira chisamaliro kapena kusatheka kupatsa galu mayendedwe pafupipafupi, m'masitolo ogulitsa ziweto mutha kugula thireyi yapadera yokhala ndi positi pazosowa zachilengedwe za ziweto zazing'ono. Monga lamulo, eni Pekingese alibe mavuto aliwonse apadera pa chisamaliro ndi maphunziro.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Galu wokongoletsera yaying'ono, wosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake odziyimira pawokha komanso mawonekedwe achilendo, safuna chisamaliro chovuta. Kuyambira ali mwana, muyenera kusamalira ukhondo wa nkhope ya galu, mphonje pamakutu ndi tsitsi pachifuwa. Mukamadzikongoletsa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zisa zapadera osakhala ndi mano pafupipafupi.
Chovala cha Pekingese ndi chokongola kwambiri mdziko la "fluffed", ndipo tsitsi la galu wotere limakhala louma pakumukhudza, m'malo mopitilira muyeso. Mukasamba, makamaka ngati shampu yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, chovala cha chiweto chimatha kusiya kuuma kwawo komanso mawonekedwe "am'madzi". Ndi chifukwa chake obereketsa agalu odziwa zambiri amapewa kusamba ziweto zawo madzulo.
Galu ayenera kusambitsidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndi shampu yapadera yopangira ukhondo wa ziweto zazitali. Poyanika, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito choumitsira tsitsi ndi mpweya wofunda, womwe umakupatsani mwayi wopangira chovala cha galu mawonekedwe owongoka. Kugwiritsa ntchito burashi tsiku ndi tsiku kumathandizira kuyenda kwa magazi. Koposa zonse, kutsuka pang'ono kumathandiza kuti mukhale osangalala.
Poganizira kuti chovala cha a Pekingese chikuyenera kukhala chowoneka bwino, mukamayesa, malaya akuyenera kukwezedwa kwambiri. Kusamalira diso kwa agalu kumachitika ndi pedi kapena thonje lopakidwa thonje kapena mafuta opaka mankhwala osungunuka.
Ndizosangalatsa! Misomaliyo imadulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti iteteze kukula. Pafupipafupi kudula amasankhidwa mosamalitsa payekhapayekha, koma sikulimbikitsidwa kuti tidule misomali ya galu kwambiri.
Mankhwala azowona ziweto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka makutu, omwe amasungunula sulufule mosavuta ndikuti zikhale zosavuta kuchotsa. Mano anu akuyenera kuyesedwa tsiku lililonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kutsuka mano ndi mano apadera a agalu. Nthawi ndi nthawi ndibwino kuti mupatse mankhwala a Pekingese omwe amachotsa zolembapo.
Zakudya, zakudya
Pekingese, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo, samasuntha pafupipafupi mokwanira, komanso amakhala ndi nsagwada zosalala komanso mayini ofooka, omwe amayenera kukumbukiridwa popanga chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Zakudya zoletsedwa zimaphatikizanso nkhaka ndi maswiti, komanso mafupa. Mbale ya galu iyenera kukhala ndi madzi akumwa oyera nthawi zonse.
M'mwezi woyamba wamoyo, ana agalu amadyetsedwa mkaka wa amayi, ndipo pakatha milungu isanu, obereketsa amabweretsa zakudya zowonjezera. Kawirikawiri, kuti izi zitheke, nyama zamzitini zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zovomerezedwa ndi opanga odalirika. Mutha kusamutsa chiweto chanu ku chakudya chachilengedwe komanso chabwino. Maziko a zakudya zotere amaimiridwa ndi mkaka wa ng'ombe, nyama yophika yokwanira yophika bwino, tchizi wachilengedwe. Kenako, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe sizimayambitsa chifuwa zimayambitsidwa muzakudya zazinyama zotere.
Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mutha kusintha kamwana kagalu kanu kuti muzikonda chakudya chamafuta kapena chakudya chachilengedwe. Pachiyambi, amafunika kugula ma pate okhaokha oyambira kapena chakudya chouma chomwe chilibe fungo lonunkhira. Mpaka miyezi inayi, ana agalu ayenera kulandira chakudya 4-5 patsiku.
M'mwezi wachisanu, chakudya chimakhala katatu patsiku... Munthawi imeneyi, kudyetsa kwachilengedwe kumakwaniritsidwa ndi chimanga chophika, mazira, ndi mbatata zosaphika zosaphika. Asanasinthe mano mkaka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa mkaka wofukiza, kuphatikizapo tchizi. Cartilage yophika, komanso zovuta zapadera zogulidwa ku sitolo yogulitsa ziweto zimathandizira kuti "zikande" nkhama zoyipa.
M'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, Pekingese pang'ono amasandulika galu wachinyamata, chifukwa chake chakudyacho chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa momwe zingathere. Munthawi imeneyi, ziweto zina zimakhala ndi kusagwirizana kwakukulu kwa lactose. Pachifukwa ichi ndikofunikira kuchotsa mkaka pazakudya za galu, koma chilichonse chomwetsa mkaka chiyenera kusiya.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Matenda amtundu wa Pekingese amayamba chifukwa cha chibadwa cha matenda ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa anatomical. Oimira mtunduwo ali ndi mawonekedwe amutu wake, chifukwa chake, zovuta zamaso ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kupuma nthawi zambiri zimachitika.
Zofooka ndi zolakwika za mtundu wa Pekingese zimayimiriridwa ndi mawanga owala pamphuno, mphuno zosintha mtundu, makutu owongoka, maso ovulala kapena owala, komanso kuyika kosayenera kwa mchira, tsitsi la wavy, zigongono zotayirira kwambiri.
Zolakwitsa zosayenerera zimaphatikizapo cryptorchidism yathunthu kapena yosagwirizana, mphuno yakuda kapena yowala mnofu, khungu, maso abuluu, ndi kulemera kopitilira miyezo yovomerezeka yovomerezeka.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Pamodzi ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya agalu, Pekingese amalumikizana kwambiri ndi eni ake komanso mabanja awo. Komabe, oimira mtunduwu ali ndi nsanje kwambiri chifukwa cha udindo wawo m'mabanja omwe ali ndi ana. Kukula pang'ono, koma ndi utsogoleri, chiweto chimakonda kukhala ndi chidwi ndi umunthu wake, chifukwa chake a Pekingese amayenera kukhala oleza mtima kwambiri, kukulolani kuti muchepetse galu.
Zitenga nthawi yochuluka yophunzitsira ndi maphunziro. Choyamba, m'pofunika kupewa kutsutsa komanso kuchita nkhanza kwa galu, zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ziwonetserozi. Pekingese amayesa kudziyimira pawokha, chifukwa chake njira yodalirika yogwirizirana ndi chiweto chotere ndikuvomereza kwathunthu mawonekedwe amunthu wake, kukhulupiriridwa, koma osachita zofuna zonse.
Ndizosangalatsa! Eni ake ambiri a Pekingese satenga chidwi chokwanira polera chiweto chochepa chonchi, koma malingaliro awa ndi olakwika, chifukwa chake, atha kukhala chifukwa chopeza nyama yosagwirizana bwino, yosamvera kwathunthu.
Ndikofunika kuti muziyenda ndi a Pekingese padera ndi agalu akulu komanso amwano, chifukwa mosasamala zaka, Pekingese amatha kuwonetsa kudzidalira kwambiri. Mwa zina, maphunziro ndi maphunziro ayenera kutsagana ndi masewera. Poterepa, galu amaphunzira malamulo onse a mwini wake pamgulu logwirizana. Ngati mukufuna kuchita maphunziro ndi kudziphunzitsa nokha, muyenera kuphunzira mabuku ambiri omwe akhudzidwa ndi mutuwu.
Gulani Pekingese
Ndibwino kugula mwana wagalu wa miyezi iwiri, ndikusunga chakudyacho kwa nthawi yoyamba... Mwana wagalu wamtundu wapamwamba amaletsedwa kupezeka ndi otsatsa, pakusintha kapena Msika wa Mbalame. Chinyamacho chiyenera kugulidwa kwa obereketsa omwe ali ndi nthawi yambiri, kapena kuchokera kuzipinda zokhazikika.
Zilonda zamphongo ndi zazimuna zimakhala ndi zovuta zina, koma oweta ambiri odziwa zambiri amapeza kuti amuna ali ndi zabwino zambiri. Tinyamati tomwe timakonda kutentha miyezi 6 kapena 7 iliyonse. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe akuthupi samayambitsa zovuta zilizonse kwa eni ziweto, koma poyenda, galu amafunika kudzipatula kwa anyamata kapena atsikana. Ndikofunika kutulutsa kanyamaka pambuyo pa kutentha koyamba, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakongoletsa mawonekedwe a galu.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Musanagule mwana wagalu, muyenera kusankha pasadakhale zolinga zakugwiritsanso ntchito galu: kutenga nawo mbali pazowonetsa, kuswana, kapena chiweto chokha. Mwana wagalu ayenera kukhala wokangalika komanso wathanzi, kunja kwake komwe kumakwaniritsa miyezo yokhazikitsidwa yakubala. Mukamagula mwana wagalu woyenera, muyenera kusamala ndi kupezeka kwa zikalata zonse zofunika kutsimikizira komwe galu adachokera ndikukhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza katemera.
Mtengo wagalu wagalu
Mtengo wapakati wa Pekingese molingana ndi magwiridwe akunja agalu. Ana agalu osakhala okwera kwambiri ndiotsika mtengo kuposa owonetsa omwe akuyembekeza. Mtengo wawo umasiyana pakati pa 15-20 zikwi zikwi. Mtengo wa ana agalu owonjezera ndiokwera kwambiri.
Ndemanga za eni
Malinga ndi akatswiri azachipatala, osamalira agalu komanso obereketsa odziwa zambiri, Pekingese wachichepere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la intracranial hydrocephalus, malocclusion kapena njira yosakwanira ya mano, zovuta zam'mimbamo kapena mafupa amchere, komanso fontanel yayikulu.Mwa zina, oimira amfupi amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi msana, urolithiasis, zotupa pakhungu ndi matenda amtima.
Pekingese ali mgulu la agalu amphaka, koma amakonda kutonthozedwa kwambiri ndipo amayesa kuyambira masiku oyamba kuwonekera mnyumba kuti atenge udindo, wolamulira pabanjapo. Nsanje yachilengedwe imapangitsa mtunduwo kukhala wopanda chikondi kwa ziweto zina zilizonse, kuphatikizapo agalu... Anzathu omwe ali ndi miyendo inayi sakonda kukhala okha kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo popanda chidwi cha eni ake amatha kufota kapena kuwononga nyumbayo. Pekingese ayenera kuphunzitsidwa munthawi yake. Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kupondereza mwamantha mwamphamvu chiweto chamiyendo inayi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mbali zapadera za mtundu wa Pekingese ndimakhalidwe apamwamba komanso kudzidalira. Agalu okonda chitonthozo sangathe kuthamangira ku mbale yawo ya chakudya kapena madzi, koma amapita pamenepo ndi gawo lachifumu lokongola komanso lochedwa.
Ngati ndi kotheka, chiweto chachikondi chitha kuwonetsa kulimba mtima ndikusintha kukhala wolimba mtima. Galu wokhulupirika komanso wokhulupirika amadziwika ndi malingaliro amisili komanso anzeru mwachangu, koma chiweto choumirachi chimangokongoletsa moyo wabanja lomwe lili ndi nthawi yokwanira yosamalira galu.
