The aquarium fish acanthophthalmus kuhli (lat. Acanthophthalmus kuhli, eng. Kuhli loach) ndi mtundu wachilendo wachilendo, wamtendere komanso wokongola.
Khalidwe lake limafanana ndi matope onse, amakhala akuyenda, kufunafuna chakudya nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, ndizothandiza - amadya zinyalala za chakudya zomwe zidagwera pansi ndipo nsomba zina sizitha kuzipeza.
Ndi mthandizi wamkulu pakumenyera ukhondo mu aquarium.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Mitunduyi idayambitsidwa koyamba ndi Valenciennes mu 1846. Amakhala ku Southeast Asia: Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia, Java, Borneo. Osatetezedwa ndipo sanaphatikizidwe mu Red Book.
Acanthophthalmus amakhala mumitsinje yomwe imayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso mitsinje yamapiri, pomwe pansi pake pamakhala masamba okugwa. Pansi pake pametedwa ndi zisoti zokongola zamitengo zomwe zimazungulira mitsinje mbali zonse.
Mwachilengedwe, amapezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, koma acanthophthalmos sakuphunzitsira nsomba.
Dzinali limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi mtundu wonse wa nsomba - pangio (yemwe kale anali Acanthophthalmus). Nsomba zamtundu wa Pangio zimakhala ndi thupi lotambasula, lofanana ndi nyongolotsi, zimafanana kwambiri kukula ndi machitidwe, ndipo ndizinsomba zomwe zimadyetsa pansi.
Koma nsomba iliyonse pamtunduwu imasiyana ndi pangio kyul wamtundu ndi kukula kwake.
Kufotokozera
Acantophthalmus kühl ndi nsomba yaying'ono ngati nyongolotsi yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 8-12 m'litali, ngakhale m'madzi am'madzi nthawi zambiri imakhala yoposa masentimita 8.
Kutalika kwa moyo kumakhala zaka pafupifupi 10, ngakhale kuli malipoti a nthawi yayitali.
Thupi la loach ili la pinki-chikasu, limadutsana ndi mizere yakuda 12 mpaka 17 yakuda. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ndevu pamutu. Mbalame yam'mimbayi ili kutali kwambiri, pafupifupi mogwirizana ndi kumatako.
Palinso mawonekedwe obadwa ndi maalubino omwe samachitika mwachilengedwe.
Popeza nsombayo imayenda usiku, anthu omwe ali ndi maalubino amafa msanga, makamaka pansi.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Nsomba zosavuta komanso zolimba za m'nyanja yam'madzi. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi nsomba zina ndi kusowa kwa masikelo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti acanthophthalmus ikhale yovuta kwambiri pamankhwala.
Chifukwa chake, m'madzi okhala ndi nsombazi, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi mankhwala amphamvu, mwachitsanzo, okhala ndi methylene buluu.
Amakonda madzi oyera komanso ampweya wabwino, komanso kusintha kwanthawi zonse. Mukamasintha madzi, m'pofunika kupopera nthaka, kuchotsa zinyalala, popeza matope, monga nsomba zomwe zimakhala pansi, zimapindula kwambiri ndi zinthu zowola - ammonia ndi nitrate.
Nthawi zina, akatswiri am'madzi amadzifunsa ngati ali chilombo? Koma, ingoyang'anani pakamwa, ndipo kukayika kumatha. Zing'onozing'ono, zimasinthidwa kukumba pansi ndikusaka ma virus a magazi ndi tizilombo tina ta m'madzi.
Amtendere, Acanthophthalmus Kühl nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku ndipo amakhala wotanganidwa kwambiri usiku.
Zimakhala zovuta kumuzindikira masana, makamaka akakhala yekha m'nyanja, koma ndizotheka ngati mungasunge kwakanthawi. Mukasunga nsomba zingapo, ndiye kuti ntchitoyi imakula masana, chifukwa cha mpikisano wazakudya.
Gulu la theka la dazeni lidzagwira ntchito molimbika, momwe amakhalira mwachilengedwe, koma ndizotheka kukhala ndi munthu m'modzi.
Ndi nsomba zolimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala mu ukapolo kwa nthawi yayitali osavutika kwambiri chifukwa chosowa kampani.
Kudyetsa
Popeza nsombazi ndizopambana, mu aquarium amasangalala kudya mitundu yonse yazakudya zokhazokha komanso zowuma, komanso mapiritsi osiyanasiyana, granules ndi pellets.
Chachikulu ndikuti chakudyacho chimakhala ndi nthawi yogwera pansi ndipo sichidyedwa ndi nsomba zina. Kuchokera pachakudya chamoyo amakonda ma virus a magazi, tubifex, brine shrimp, daphnia ndi ena.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyongolotsi yam'manda kapena tubifex siyovuta kwa iwo, acanthophthalmus amawapeza mwachangu ndikuwayimba. Chofunikira kwambiri ngati mumadyetsa nsomba zina zambiri ndi chakudya chamoyo ndipo zina mwa zakudyazi zimagwera pansi ndikutha.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Masana, acanthophthalmus amakhala nthawi yayitali pansi, koma usiku amatha kusambira m'malo onse. Tidzamva bwino m'madzi am'madzi apakatikati (kuyambira 70 malita), ofewa (0 - 5 dGH), madzi pang'ono acidic (ph: 5.5-6.5) ndi kuyatsa pang'ono.
Chosefera chimafunikira chomwe chimapangitsa kutsika kofooka ndikusokoneza madzi. Kuchuluka kwa aquarium sikofunikira kwenikweni kuposa kumunsi kwake. Kukula kwa malowo, kumakhala bwino.
Zokongoletsa mu aquarium zitha kukhala chilichonse chomwe mungakonde. Koma ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isakhale yolimba, yoyala bwino kapena mchenga. Amatha kukumba mumchenga ngakhale kudzikwiriramo, komabe, dothi lina la kachigawo kakang'ono koyeneranso ndiloyenera.
Muyenera kusamala ndi miyala yayikulu, popeza nsomba zimatha kukumba.
Muthanso kuyika nkhuni zolowa pansi ndi ma moss omangidwa pansi, izi zimawakumbutsa za komwe amakhala ndikukhala malo abwino ogona. Acanthophthalmos amakonda kubisala, ndipo ndikofunikira kuwapatsa mwayi wotere.
Ngati loach yanu imachita mopanda phokoso: kuthamanga mozungulira aquarium, kutuluka, ndiye kuti mwina kusintha kwa nyengo.
Ngati nyengo ili bata, yang'anani nthaka, kodi ndi acidic? Monga nsomba zina zapansi, zimakhudzidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pansi ndikutulutsa ammonia ndi hydrogen sulfide kuchokera pamenepo.
Amatha kuthawa m'nyanja yamadzi, ndikofunikira kutseka, kapena kusiya nyanjayi isakwanira mpaka pamtsinje kuti nsomba zisatuluke.
Ngakhale
Acantophthalmus kühl ndi nsomba yamtendere kwambiri yomwe imatenga nthawi kufunafuna chakudya pansi pa aquarium.
Zobisika masana, zimayambitsidwa madzulo komanso usiku. Sindikhala wokonda kucheza, kuchita zinthu mosabisa pagulu. Zimakhala zovuta kuwona munthu wosungulumwa.
Zimagwirizana bwino ndi nkhanu, chifukwa ndizochedwa kuchepa kwa zolengedwa zamtunduwu ndipo zimakhala ndi kamwa pang'ono.
Zachidziwikire, kansalu kakang'ono kakang'ono kamakhala ngati nsomba iliyonse. Koma, pakuchita, izi ndizokayikitsa kwambiri. Amayenerera ma shrimp ndi azitsamba.
Koma posunga ndi cichlids - ndizoyipa, makamaka ndi zazikulu. Iwo amatha kuzizindikira ngati chakudya.
Ndikofunika kuti musasunge ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimatha kumeza acanthophthalmus, komanso ma crustaceans akuluakulu.
Kusiyana kogonana
Kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna sikophweka. Monga lamulo, akazi amakhala okulirapo komanso olimba kuposa amuna. Ndipo mwa amuna, kunyezimira koyamba kumapeto kwa pectoral ndikolimba kuposa kwazimayi.
Komabe, amafunikirabe kuganiziridwa, potengera kukula kwake kochepa komanso kubisa.
Kuswana
Acantophthalmus kühl amadziwika ndi njira yake yoberekera - amaikira mazira obiriwira pamizu yazomera zoyandama. Komabe, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa kubzala m'nyanja yamchere.
Pogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa mankhwala a gonadotropic amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kubereka kubereke kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Anthu omwe amagulitsidwa amagulitsidwa m'mafamu komanso oweta akatswiri.
