Hatchi waku Arabia ankaona kuti ndi imodzi mwa akavalo okongola kwambiri. Kuzama kwamtundu uwu kumasakidwa ndi akatswiri ambiri amahatchi komanso osonkhanitsa. Mitunduyi imagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo: Siglavi, Coheilan, Hadban, Coheilan-Siglavi. Masiku ano, akavalo achi Arabia amapangidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Pali World Organisation of Arab Horse Breeding, yomwe imagwirizanitsa mayiko opitilira 50 padziko lapansi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Hatchi ya Arabia
Mtundu uwu unapangidwa nthawi yankhondo zachiarabu ndi ma Bedouin. Panthawiyi, Aluya anali kugwiritsira ntchito akavalo pankhondo. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa nyengo yowuma ya m'chipululu komanso moyo winawake ndi zakudya, mtundu unapangidwa, womwe umadziwika ndi kamphindi kakang'ono komanso malamulo okhazikika. Komanso mtundu uwu umatengedwa kuti ndi wolimba kwambiri ndipo umatha kukhala wothamanga kwambiri ukamathamanga.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, akavalo aku Arabia amawerengedwa kuti ndiwofunikira komanso chuma chachikulu cha anthu akumaloko. Malamulo omwe anali mkati mwake anali oletsedwa kugulitsa akavalo mdera la mayiko ena, komanso kuwadutsa ndi oimira mitundu ina. Chifukwa chophwanya lamuloli, chilango cha imfa chidawopsezedwa.
Kanema: Hatchi waku Arabia
Malinga ndi zolembedwa zakale, oimira oyamba amtunduwu adawonekera munthawi ya nkhondo zamtanda. Iwo anali osiyana ndi wina aliyense mu kukongola kwawo kwapadera ndi nkhani. Chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo, anthu ambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito kukonza mitundu ina yamahatchi. Ndi mtundu uwu womwe wathandizira kwambiri pakuswana mahatchi padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi kutenga nawo mbali, mitundu yambiri yatsopano yamahatchi idapangidwa, yomwe pambuyo pake idakhala osankhika komanso okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Mitundu iyi ndi monga:
- mtundu wa Barbary udapangidwa ku Morocco;
- kavalo wokwanira ku UK;
- Andalusian wochokera ku Spain;
- Lipizzan waku Austria, ndi ena.
Hatchi ya Arabia imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamagulu akale kwambiri. Pali mtundu wina womwe woyambitsa kavalo wama Arabia anali kavalo wa Arabia Peninsula, yemwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kupirira kwake komanso kulimba mtima kwake. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa oimira mtunduwu kumapezeka ngati mawonekedwe a miyala. Zikuwoneka kuti adayamba zaka chikwi chachiwiri BC. Ambiri mwa mitundu iyi ya mahatchi amapezeka muzojambula zakale za Aigupto wakale nthawi ya 13-16 zaka za BC.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe kavalo waku Arabia amaonekera
Akavalo a chiwonetserochi ndi okongola kwambiri. Amawerengedwa ngati muyeso wa kukongola ndi chisomo. M'dziko lakwawo lakale, panali chikhulupiriro kuti adapangidwa ndi mphepo. Akavalo achi Arabia ndi odziwika chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo wamfupi komanso thupi lokwanira. Mwa anthu amtunduwu, mawonekedwe azakugonana amawonetsedwa. Amuna amakhala okulirapo ndipo amakhala ndi thupi lokulirapo kuposa akazi.
Makhalidwe apamwamba a mtunduwu:
- kukula kwa kufota kwa amuna ndi masentimita 150-160, mwa akazi - 140-150;
- kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 450 - 650, kutengera jenda ndi zaka;
- miyendo yayitali, yopyapyala;
- mzere wautali, wachisomo komanso wokoma kwambiri, womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "swan";
- wapamwamba, mawonekedwe ang'ono amutu.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mchira wa mahatchiwo nthawi zonse umakwezedwa pang'ono, ndipo panthawi yomwe imathamanga imayimilira ndikuwuluka bwino kwambiri pamphepo. Pamutu wawung'ono, wowonekera, maso akulu amadziwika bwino. Mzere wa masayawo umatchulidwa. Mawonekedwe a mutu ndi achisomo kwambiri, pamphumi pake papakona. Makutu ndi ang'ono, amayang'ana m'mwamba, osunthika kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mukayang'ana mbiri yanu, dera la concave la mlatho wa mphuno limawonekera bwino. Mawonekedwe awa amapezeka pamahatchi aku Arabia okha.
Mtundu wa akavalo aku Arabia umaperekedwa m'mitundu itatu: yoyera, bay ndi yakuda. Mu ana ang'onoang'ono, utoto umakhala wowala nthawi zonse. Akamakula, utoto umadetsedwa, mdima, mitundu yodzaza kwambiri imawonekera. Mane wa nyama ndi wautali, wofewa komanso wosangalatsa kukhudza.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Chinthu china chosiyana ndi kapangidwe ka mafupa. Ali ndi nthiti 17 zokha, 5 lumbar ndi 16 caudal vertebrae. Oimira mitundu ina ali ndi nthiti 18, 6 lumbar ndi 18 caudal vertebrae.
Akavalo a sing'anga kukula ali ndi msana ndi chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi minofu, lamba wamapewa wopangidwa bwino. Tsopano mukudziwa momwe kavalo waku Arabia amaonekera. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe kavalo uyu amadya.
Kodi kavalo waku Arabia amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Hatchi Yakuda Yakuda
Mahatchi aku Arabia adapangidwa kuti azikhala kunyumba, kapena m'mafamu apadera ndi mafakitale. Sakulowerera m'ndende. Pokhala momasuka, chipinda chachikulu, chowuma ndi chokwanira kwa iwo, momwe amatha kuyenda momasuka. Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kuyang'anira ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi. Samalola kunyowa konyowa kwambiri, chifukwa kumatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.
Makola kapena zikopa zimafuna kuyeretsa tsiku lililonse. Momwemo, ziyenera kuchitika ngakhale kangapo patsiku. Ndikofunikira kuyenda akavalo osachepera kawiri patsiku. Mahatchi aku Arabia amatha kuyenda m'malo aliwonse, kupatula malo omwe pali matope ambiri. Ngati kukugwa mvula, yonyowa pokonza panja, muyenera kupewa kuyenda nyengo yotere.
Ndi zabwino kwambiri ngati makola a nyama azikhala pamalo omwe mulibe misewu yayikulu, malo okhala, ndi madzi ambiri. Izi zipulumutsa akavalo ku phokoso losafunikira komanso chinyezi ndikupereka mpweya wabwino wachilengedwe. Mukamakhazikitsa khola, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamalire kwambiri chinyezi.
Pansi pake pamafunika kulimba, kutentha ndi kuuma. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga zapamwamba komanso zachilengedwe. Utuchi, udzu kapena matabwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zofunda. Kufunda kumeneku kumapangitsa akavalo kukhala omasuka komanso otetezeka ziboda zawo. Makola okhala ndi makola sayenera kungokhala otakasuka, komanso owala. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kukhazikitsa kuyatsa kwapangidwe.
Ma khola akuyenera kukhala ndi operekera chakudya chokwanira komanso makapu osasangalatsa. Ayenera kukhala otakasuka komanso okhazikika kuti akavalo azikhala omasuka kudya ndi kumwa. Odyetsa amaikidwa bwino kwambiri masentimita 90-100 pamwamba. M'makhola, ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa zipinda zofunikira posungira zida komanso kutsuka akavalo. Cholembera chiyenera kupezeka pafupi. Malo ake amawerengedwa pafupifupi 20-25 mita mainchesi pa kavalo.
Kodi kavalo waku Arabia amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Mtundu wamahatchi aku Arabia
Popeza kuti kwawo kwa akavalo aku Arabia kumadziwika ndi nyengo yotentha komanso yopanda madzi komanso masamba osowa, ndiwodzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo samasankha zakudya zawo. M'nthawi zakale, oweta mahatchi aku Arabia amagwiritsa ntchito msipu monga chakudya chawo, zomwe sizinali zabwino nthawi zonse. Anapatsidwanso udzu ndi tirigu, komanso mkaka wa ngamila. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati gwero lamadzi ndikusinthira m'malo mwa chakumwa.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mahatchi aku Arabia ndi okhawo akavalo padziko lapansi omwe thupi lawo limafanana ndi mafuta azinyama.
Chakudya cha akavalo amakono chimakhala cholemera nthawi zambiri komanso chosiyanasiyana. Maziko a zakudya ndi udzu wabwino ndi udzu. Komanso, zakudya zimaphatikizapo chimanga, masamba, mavitamini. Akavalo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anthu ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphatikiza osachepera 6.5 kg ya oats mu chakudya chawo tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso masamba atsopano ndi mazira a zinziri.
Zakudya za kavalo waku Arabia tsikulo ndi izi:
- 4.5-5.5 kilogalamu amchere osankhidwa bwino;
- 5-0.7 kilogalamu yapamwamba kwambiri, udzu wosankhidwa;
- 4-5 kilogalamu ya nyemba udzu;
- pafupifupi 1.5 kilogalamu ya chinangwa;
- mpaka kilogalamu ya mbewu yatsabola yophika;
- masamba zipatso.
Zinyama zili ndi thanzi labwino. Kuti musunge ndi kusunga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikizire mavitamini ndi michere tsiku lililonse. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugawira chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku m'njira yoti chakudya chizikhala chamadzulo. Ndi bwino kupita ndi nyama kumalo othirira m'mawa.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Hatchi ya Arabia
Oimira mtunduwu ali ndi luso lotukuka kwambiri. Amadziwikanso padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa chonyada komanso kulimba kwawo. Akatswiri a zinyama amachenjeza kuti akavalo amenewa ndi okhudza kwambiri. Amakumbukira olakwa awo kwa moyo wawo wonse.
Mahatchiwa amalimbikitsidwa kwa okwera odziwa bwino kapena omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira ndi akavalo. Amvera okha okwera olimba mtima omwe athe kupeza njira yowafikira. Komabe, kuphatikiza pamavuto onse amikhalidwe, nyama zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhulupirika kosavuta ndiubwenzi kwa eni ake.
Akavalo achi Arabia amasiyanitsidwa ndi chidwi chawo komanso malingaliro obisika amdziko lozungulira. Mwachilengedwe chawo, amawonetsa ulemu komanso chidwi kwa anthu ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana. Pamodzi ndi kuuma mtima ndi kunyada, akavalo amasiyanitsidwa ndi chikhumbo chawo chodzutsa malingaliro abwino, chisangalalo ndi kusilira kwa mbuye wawo.
Mahatchi aku Arabia ali ndi mphamvu zosaneneka. Ngakhale amakhala ochepa, amatha kuyenda ulendo wautali kwambiri ndikugonjetsa maulendo ataliatali ndi wokwera. Nyama zodabwitsazi zimathamanga mofulumira mpaka 60 km / h.
Makhalidwe azinyama izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizosasinthika, kutengeka kwambiri komanso kudzipereka. Nthawi yomweyo amakhala osangalala, okonda kudziwa zinthu komanso ochezeka. Amadziphatika mwachangu kwa onse eni komanso nyumba yonse. Ndiwanzeru kwambiri ndipo amatha kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa kwa iwo. Komabe, ndizosatheka kuwakakamiza kuti achite chilichonse.
Popeza kuti kwawo kwa kavalo kumawerengedwa kuti ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo youma, yotentha, ndizovuta kwambiri pakusintha nyengo. Pakati pa akavalo amadziwika kuti ali ndi zaka zana limodzi - amakhala pafupifupi zaka 28-30.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Hatchi ya Arabia ku Russia
Mahatchi achi Arabia amapangidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Pachifukwa ichi, nthumwi za mtunduwo zokha ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito. Akazi nthawi zonse amasiyanitsidwa ndi ziweto ndikusungidwa m'malo osiyana. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka chakudya chamagulu ambiri chokhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, zipatso, komanso mavitamini ndi mchere. Pakati pa mimba, akavalo ayenera kusamala kwambiri chisamaliro cha tsitsi lawo, mane ndi ziboda.
Nthawi ya bere imatha pafupifupi miyezi 11. Mu trimester yoyamba ya mimba, ndibwino kuti mares azitsatira zakudya zinazake. Ndi nthawi imeneyi pomwe zakudya zimayenera kukhala ndi phosphorous, calcium, protein ndi mavitamini okwanira. Komatu trimester yotsiriza, imafuna chakudya choyenera, chambiri.
Pafupi ndi kubereka, mkazi amayamba kufunafuna malo obisika. Izi zikusonyeza kuti nthawi yoti mwana abadwe ikuyandikira. Kubala kumachitika makamaka usiku. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika bwinobwino, popanda kudwala komanso zovuta ndipo sizitengera kulowererapo kwaumunthu. Kwa maora ochepa abereka, ndibwino kuti musasokoneze mwana wamkazi ndi mphalapala wake. Pambuyo maola 3.5-4, mutha kusokoneza kavalo wotsala ndi ana ake kuti muwonetsetse kuti zonse zili bwino.
Adani achilengedwe a kavalo waku Arabia
Chithunzi: Momwe kavalo waku Arabia akuwonekera
Chifukwa choti mahatchi amapezeka m'malo okhala m'makola, kapena m'minda, alibe adani achilengedwe. Iwo, monga nyama zilizonse, amatha kudwala matenda ena, ngakhale ali ndi thanzi labwino. Musanayambe akavalo achiarabu, muyenera kuphunzira momwe amamangidwa.
Akavalo mwachilengedwe amapatsidwa chitetezo champhamvu. Chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino, amatha kudwala. Pofuna kupewa ndikupewa matenda, akavalo ayenera kuwonetsedwa kwa veterinarian kawiri pachaka.
Matenda ofala kwambiri pamahatchi aku Arabia ndi kukokana m'mimba. Ali ndi dongosolo logaya chakudya kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi koyenera kusamala kwambiri za mtundu, kuchuluka ndi njira yoperekera chakudya.
Ndikofunikira kudyetsa akavalo ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, sakanizani chakudya chokwanira cha mitundu ina pang'ono ndi chakale. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya pang'onopang'ono. Komanso, kusintha kuchokera kuzakudya zazing'ono kupita kuzikulu kumayenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono.
Chofala kwambiri ndi laminitis, yomwe imavulaza chiwalo pansi pa ziboda. Amadziwikiratu pakunyinyirika, kukana kusuntha komanso kutentha kwakumwa kokwanira Kuteteza matenda opatsirana monga fuluwenza, ndere, chiwewe, anthrax, katemera wa panthawi yake ndikofunikira.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Hatchi ya Arabia
Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa kavalo waku Arabia sikuwopsezedwa. Amabzalidwa bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chakuti nthumwi za mtunduwu sizikakamira kuti azidya zakudya zoyenera komanso kuti akhale mndende, zimafalikira pafupifupi kulikonse.
Pakutha kwa zaka za zana la 19, kudera la Russia, panali pafupifupi minda yamahatchi zana, yomwe inkachita mahatchi achiarabu achiarabu. Kwa ena, adawoloka ndi oimira mitundu ina, chifukwa cha mitundu yatsopano, yokongola, yolemekezeka.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, ntchito yopanga mogwirizana ya Book Book yamahatchi aku Arabia idapangidwa. Bukuli cholinga chake chinali kupereka ziwerengero zakukula kwa mtunduwo komanso zotsatira zakusakanikirana ndi mitundu ina. Komabe, nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse inayamba, kenako nkhondo yapachiweniweni. Zochitika zakale izi zawononga kwambiri kuswana kwa akavalo oyera.
Mu 1921 Tersky adakhazikitsa makola atsopano ndi famu ya mahatchi aku Arabia. M'madera a chomerachi, oimira mtunduwu sanabwere kuchokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana: France, Spain, Egypt, England.
Hatchi waku Arabia Ndi amodzi mwamitundu yokongola komanso yodabwitsa padziko lapansi. Iwo omwe ali ndi mwayi wowawona akukhala kamodzi kamodzi m'miyoyo yawo ali ndi nkhawa komanso kusilira. Mahatchi oyera amtunduwu, omwe amakhala ndi makolo awo, amatha ndalama zoposa $ 1 miliyoni, chifukwa si aliyense amene angakhale nawo. Kuswana kwa nyama zotere kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi akatswiri oyenerera omwe ali ndi chidziwitso komanso chidziwitso chofunikira.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 12/04/2019
Idasinthidwa: 07.09.2019 pa 19:34
