Oyendetsa malowa ndi agalu akuluakulu, okongola, ofanana ndi Newfoundlands. Anthu ambiri mosazindikira amasokoneza mitundu iyi, ngakhale idasiyanitsidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20. Kusamvetseka kwa funso la kusiyana pakati pa Landseers ndi Newfoundlands kumabweretsedwanso chifukwa choti muyeso wa omalizirawo umalola mtundu wakuda ndi woyera, womwe umadziwika pakati pawo onse.
Pakadali pano, ngati mitundu iwiriyi ili ndi chinthu chofanana, ndiye kuti onsewa adathandizidwa kuti athandize asodzi, komanso mikhalidwe monga kudzipereka, kukhala mwamtendere komanso nzeru zopulumutsa.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Chiyambi chenicheni cha ma Landseers mpaka pano sichikudziwika.... Koma pali malingaliro angapo onena za komwe agalu olimba ndi okongola oyera ndi akuda amachokera, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati opulumutsa ndi othandizira asodzi.
Malinga ndi buku lina, a Landseers ndi mbadwa za agalu akuda ngati chimbalangondo omwe adatsagana ndi Leif Erickson paulendo wake wopita ku New World, zombo za Columbus zisanafike kumeneko. Pamene, m'zaka za zana la 18, agalu ochokera ku Newfoundland ndi zilumba zapafupi nawo adayamba kubweretsedwa ku Europe, mwa nyama zomwe zidalowa mu Old World motere, panali agalu oyera ndi akuda, omwe pambuyo pake amadziwika kuti Landseers.
Ndizosangalatsa! Amakhulupirira kuti agalu oyera okhala ndi mawanga akuda amakhala ku Newfoundland, pomwe akuda, omwe adakhala makolo a Newfoundlands amakono, amakhala kuzilumba zapafupi za St. Pierre ndi Miquelon. Chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuti awa ndi a Landseers, ndipo osati abale awo akuda ndi abulauni komwe adachokera, ayenera kutchedwa Newfoundlands.
Mtundu watsopanowu udafalikira mwachangu chifukwa cha kagwiridwe kake ka ntchito komanso mawonekedwe ake. Agalu onga zimbalangondo zoyera ndi zakuda adayamba kutchuka kwambiri atagwidwa muzojambula ndi wojambula waku England E.G. Wolemba malo. Ndiyamika pazomwe adalemba monga "Membala Woyenera wa Humane Society" (1838) ndi "The Rescued" (1856), agalu amenewa adatchuka. Mwa njira, galu yemwe akuwonetsedwa koyambirira kwa zojambulazi adapulumutsadi anthu oposa makumi awiri, omwe adapatsidwa ulemu wotere. Ndipo mtundu wa agalu iwowo udatchedwa dzina laulemu wa wojambula yemwe adagwira oyenerera kwambiri omwe amawaimira.
English Kennel Club idayamba kulembetsa zakuda ndi zoyera Newfoundlands ndi Landseers mu 1870 ndipo mitundu iwiriyo inali isanapatikane panthawiyo. Komabe, Newfoundlands zakuda ndi zofiirira posakhalitsa zidakhala zotchuka kuposa agalu amawu awiri, ndipo agalu akuda ndi oyera adawopsezedwa kuti atha. Kenako okonda amtunduwu adatenga agalu amitundu iwiri opambanawo kupita nawo ku Switzerland ndi Germany, komwe adayamba kuweta, pomwe magazi a St. Bernards, agalu aku Pyrenean akumapiri ndi mitundu ina yofananira nawo adasakanizidwa ndi ma Landseers.
Nthawi yomweyo, oimira mtundu wa kontinentiyo adayamba kusiyanasiyana ndi agalu amtundu woyambirira, osati mtundu wokha, komanso mawonekedwe. Mu 1960 mokha, ngakhale panali kusiyana kwakunja kochokera ku Newfoundland, Landseer adadziwika ndi FCI ngati mtundu wodziyimira pawokha ndipo muyezo adapangidwira.... Chaka chimodzi m'mbuyomu, adadziwika ku England. Koma ku Canada ndi United States, Landseers ndi Newfoundlands amaonedwa ngati mtundu umodzi.
Kufotokozera kwa oyendetsa ndege
Landseer ndi galu wamkulu komanso wolimba wa Molossian, wofanana ndi Newfoundland wowoneka, kupatula kuti ali ndi miyendo yayitali ndipo ali ndi fupa lopepuka. Ichi ndi nyama yabwino komanso yolimba mtima, yomwe pakadali pano ikhoza kukhala mnzake, mlonda, ndi wopulumutsa.
Miyezo ya ziweto
Galu wamkulu, wamphamvu komanso wolimba mtima yemwe ali ndi malamulo ogwirizana, wosiyanitsidwa ndi kukhazikika kwabwino komanso wokoma mtima, wachikondi.
Kutalika kufota
- Amuna - kuyambira masentimita 72 mpaka 80.
- Ziphuphu - kuyambira 67 mpaka 72 cm.
Kulemera
- Amuna - kuchokera 59 mpaka 68 makilogalamu.
- Bitches - kuyambira 45 mpaka 54 kg.
Ngakhale kutalika kwake komanso kulemera kwake, galu samapereka chithunzi cha nyama yosakhazikika, ndiyotsogola, komanso, mayendedwe aomwe akukhalapo ndi aulere, ndimayendedwe abwino komanso sitepe yayitali. Mutu wa nyama izi uli ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ma molossians onse, ndiwokulirapo komanso wopumula, wokhala ndi kutulutsa kotchedwa occipital komanso kusintha kosavuta kochokera pamphumi kupita kumphuno. Mphuno ndi yayikulu, yokhala ndi mtundu wakuda wakuda.
Milomo yopanga ma flews ang'onoang'ono ndiyonso yakuda. Kungoluma kokha ndi kololedwa komwe kumaloledwa. Maso ndi ofiira ngati amondi, okhazikika kwambiri, mtundu wawo umatha kukhala wamtundu uliwonse wa bulauni: kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira mpaka wakuda wakuda. Makutuwo ndi amitundu itatu, ataliatali, apakatikati, kukula kwake, ndi nsonga zokutidwa pang'ono, kutsamira komanso pafupi ndi mutu. Tsitsi kumbuyo kwa makutu ndilotalikirapo kuposa khutu lenilenilo.
Khosi ndi lolimba, lolimba komanso lotakata, lopanda khungu lolimba komanso lopanda mame. Khungu la seweroli silikhala lopindika ngakhale pang'ono. Thupi ndilonso lalikulu komanso lamphamvu. Kutalika kwake kuchokera kufota mpaka pansi pamchira kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi kawiri kutalika kwa mutu kuchokera ku occiput mpaka kumapeto kwa mphuno. Chifuwacho ndi chakuya komanso chachikulu mokwanira. Kumbuyo kuli kolunjika: osagwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka. Mbali zake zimakhala zosalala, m'mimba mwakachetechete.
Mchira umakutidwa kwambiri ndi tsitsi, m'malo mwake ndi wandiweyani komanso wautali: modekha umapachika pansi pamiyendo ya hock, koma poyenda imatha kukwera mpaka kumbuyo, yopindika pang'ono kumapeto.
Zofunika! Wogwira malo ayenera kupereka chithunzi cha nyama yamphamvu, yolemekezeka komanso yolemekezeka. M'mayendedwe ake omasuka, mphamvu, kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima ziyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino. Mgwirizano wamgwirizano ndizofunikira kwambiri pamtundu wa mtunduwu.
Miyendo yakutsogolo yolimba komanso yolimba, koma osati yayikulu, yolimba bwino komanso yolimba. Miyendo yakumbuyo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yolimba, mafupa ndi olimba. Mapazi ndi akulu, "feline", wokhala ndi cholumikizira pakati pazala zakumapazi. Tsitsi mthupi lonse, kupatula mutu ndi mphuno, ndilolunjika, lalitali, lakuda komanso lofewa. Chovalacho chapangidwa bwino.
Mtundu wa malaya
Mtundu umaloledwa wakuda ndi woyera wokha, komanso, malo omwe amapezeka amakhala ndi muyezo. Mawangawo ayenera kukhala akulu komanso ofanana. Kumbuyo ndi croup, mawanga akuda ayenera kupanga mawonekedwe a chishalo, pamutu akuyenera kupitilira zoyera: kokha moto wonyezimira ndi wololedwa, mphutsi imatha kukhala yoyera kwathunthu kapena penti yakuda.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nthawi zina ngakhale agalu awiri agalu oyera ndi akuda amabadwa. Zikuwoneka zokongola kwambiri, koma sizimadziwika kuti ndizovomerezeka, chifukwa chake otenga malo oterewa amawerengedwa kuti ndiukwati wamtunduwu ndipo amakanidwa.
Khalidwe la galu
Monga molossians ena akulu akulu, Landseer ndi galu wodekha, wamutu wabwino komanso wolimba.... Ndiwolemekezeka komanso wonyada, koma nthawi yomweyo wopanda kudzikuza. Nyama imeneyi imadziwa mphamvu zake, koma safuna kuigwiritsa ntchito kuvulaza nyama zina kapena anthu ena. Amateteza ana, samakankhira mwana, ngakhale mwangozi, kapena, samamuluma konse.
Landseer amakhala bwino ndi nyama zina zilizonse zomwe zimakhala mnyumbamo. Mwinanso izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti agaluwa alibe nzeru zosaka, zomwe zimachokera pachiyambi ndi cholinga choyambirira. Kupatula apo, oyendetsa sitima omwe amabzala mtunduwu sanafunikire kusaka aliyense, amafunikira galu yemwe angawathandize pantchito yawo yovuta.
Zofunika! Monga ma molossians ena, agaluwa amakula mochedwa osati mwakuthupi kokha, komanso mwamaganizidwe, kuti kukula kwawo kwathunthu nthawi zina kumangokhala zaka pafupifupi zitatu.
Agaluwa ndi osambira abwino kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana, omwe amawalola kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito populumutsa pamadzi. Ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa, koma pophunzitsa amafunika njira yapadera. Oyendetsa malo ndi okoma mtima komanso okonda, koma amafunikira kulumikizana ndi ambuye awo nthawi zonse. Alibe zoyipa zakunja, koma amatha kuteteza eni ake ndi katundu wawo.
Utali wamoyo
Kutha kwa moyo wa wolowera kumtunda pafupifupi zaka 10-11.
Zolemba pamtunda
Ngakhale kuti agalu amtunduwu amatha kusungidwa m'nyumba, woponya malo amakhala womasuka m'nyumba yanyumba, koma nthawi yomweyo, kusunga unyolo wa nyama izi sizovomerezeka. Kuwasamalira ndikosavuta, koma mawonekedwe ena ayenera kuganiziridwa.
Kusamalira ndi ukhondo
Kusamalira wopeza malo ndikosavuta. Kuti chovala cha chiweto chizikhala bwino, chimafunika kutsukidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pamlungu. Nyama iyenera kusambitsidwa kokha pakufunika, osapitirira 2-3 pachaka.
Ndizosangalatsa! Palibe chifukwa chomwe ma Landseers sanalimbikitsire kusamba pafupipafupi: malaya agaluwa amadziyesa okha, kotero kuti, ngakhale aipitsidwa kwambiri, pakapita kanthawi galuyo adzakhalanso woyera ngati matalala akuda.
Makutu amayenera kuyesedwa ndikuyeretsedwa, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuchokera ku sera, komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite izi kamodzi pa sabata. Maso a galu amafunikanso kutsukidwa pokhapokha pakafunika kutero. Eni ake omwe ali ndi luso amalangiza kuphunzitsa galu kutsuka mano kuchokera paunyamata; amalangiza kuchita izi kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata.
Zakudya, zakudya
Kuyambira masiku oyamba a galu mnyumba, muyenera kukhazikitsa zakudya zoyenera... Ma Landseers ang'onoang'ono amafunika kudyetsedwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi ndandanda, choyamba kutsatira malingaliro a woweta ndipo pambuyo pake amasinthana ndi mtundu wa chakudya chomwe ndi choyenera kwa mwini wagalu. Chiwerengero cha kudyetsa kuyeneranso kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, pokhapokha chaka chitachepetsa chiwerengero chawo kufika pawiri: m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Zofunika! Maziko azakudya za agalu amtunduwu ayenera kukhala opangidwa ndi mapuloteni, makamaka, mkaka wofufuzira wa ana agalu, komanso nyama zazikulu - nyama. Poterepa, muyenera kuwunika mosamala kuti galu sakudya mopitirira muyeso.
Ndi chakudya chachilengedwe, wogulitsa malowa ayenera kulandira nyama yowonda kupatula nkhumba, komanso msuzi, phala laling'ono (koposa zonse, oatmeal, buckwheat kapena mpunga), ndiwo zamasamba (zosaphika kapena zophika), zipatso, zitsamba, kefir kapena yogurt yopanda shuga, kanyumba tchizi. Nthawi zina nyama imatha kusinthidwa ndi nsomba zam'madzi zowira, ndikupatsa chiŵerengero cha 1.5: 1. Cartilage ikhoza kuperekedwa ngati chithandizo.
Mukamadyetsa zachilengedwe, m'pofunika kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi michere m'zakudya za galu, zomwe ziziwonetsetsa kuti mapangidwe a minofu ndi mafupa amapatsa thupi lake zofunikira. Wogulitsa malo amathanso kudya chakudya chamtengo wapatali chomwe chapangidwa kale komanso pamwambapa, koma chisamaliro chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zakudya zomwe zasankhidwa zikugwirizana ndi zosowa, zaka komanso thanzi. Chakudya chachilengedwe komanso chodziwika sichiyenera kusakanizidwa, chifukwa izi zimadzaza ndi mavuto azaumoyo.
Matenda ndi zofooka za mtundu
Agaluwa ali ndi vuto la matenda angapo, pakati pawo ndi awa:
- Subaortic stenosis.
- Matenda a Urolithiasis.
- Zosiyanasiyana otitis media.
- Nthendayi.
- Khunyu.
- Volvulus m'mimba kapena m'matumbo.
- Dysplasia. Pakadali pano ndi yosowa, komabe imapezekabe pakati pa ma Landseers.
Zofunika! Ngakhale kuti mndandandawu siwotalika kwambiri, eni agalu amtunduwu ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi thanzi la chiweto chawo. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalangiza kamodzi pachaka kuti akafufuze mokwanira chinyama kuchipatala cha ziweto.
Pakuchepa pang'ono pathanzi, muyenera kuwonetsa wodwalayo nthawi yomweyo kwa veterinarian.
Zowonongeka za mtunduwu ndi monga:
- Mtundu wosasintha.
- Opepuka, maso achikaso.
- Kuphatikiza kosakanikirana.
- Kutalika ndi kulemera zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi muyezo.
- Mavuto amisala, monga kukhala wankhanza kwambiri kapena wosasamala.
Maphunziro ndi maphunziro
Oyendetsa malowa ndi mitundu yayikulu, ndipo ngakhale ali ovuta kwambiri, kumvera kopanda tanthauzo ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo. Muyenera kuyamba kulera chiweto msanga. Chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikudziwitsa mwana wagalu kwa onse m'banjamo ndikumuthandiza kuti akhale ndiubwenzi ndi aliyense wa iwo. Chotsatira, muyenera kuphunzitsa wachinyamata yemwe amakhala pansi kuti azikhala aukhondo mnyumbamo, polamulidwa kuti mupite kwanu ndikudzipilira modzipereka chifukwa chomusamalira.
Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, amayamba kuzolitsa kagalu kameneka pachionetsero. Ndibwino kuti mupite kokayenda mukamaliza katemera ndi kupatula. Poyamba, mutha kuyenda popanda chimbudzi pamalo obisika, ndikuphunzitsa mwana wagalu kuti azithamangira kuyitana mwiniwake ndikumupatsa mphotho. Ndibwino kuti muzolowere chiweto chanu pachimake ndi kolala pang'onopang'ono osati mumsewu, koma kunyumba.
Zofunika! Ndikulera ndikuphunzitsa galu wotere, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti kuzunza mwankhanza sikuloledwa: izi zimangovuta zinthu, pomwe kuchita bwino kwambiri kumatheka ndikutamanda, kukonda komanso kubwereza malamulo.
Amasintha kupita ku maphunziro agalu atakwanitsa miyezi inayi, ngakhale amayamba kuphunzira malamulo ena, monga "Kwa ine" kapena "Ikani" kale kwambiri: m'masiku oyamba okhala m'nyumba yatsopano. Poganizira kuti wogulitsa malowa akhoza kukhala wamakani ndipo chifukwa agaluwa amatha kusankha okha ngati angafune kutsatira lamulo linalake, ndibwino kuti muphunzitse katswiri ziwetozo.
Gulani Landseer
Kugula Landseer ndi bizinesi yabwino komanso yosavuta, poganizira kuti ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wosowa komanso wokwera mtengo kwambiri.... Ndipo ena omwe angakhale nawo amakhulupirira kuti Landseer si mtundu wodziyimira pawokha, koma mitundu yatsopano ya Newfoundland, yodziwika ndi mtundu woyera ndi wakuda.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana
Mtengo wotsika komanso chitsimikizo cha woweta kuti mtunduwo ndiwopanda phindu sichikutsimikizira kuti mwana wagalu adzasanduka Landseer, osati Newfoundland yakuda ndi yoyera koposa, komanso motley mestizo, kapena ngakhale mongrel yoyipitsitsa. Chokhacho chomwe chingakhale chitsimikiziro cha mtunduwo ndi mtundu wa ana agalu. Kutengera izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigule ma Landseers okha kuzipinda zovomerezeka kapena kuchokera kwa woweta wodalirika.
Posankha mwana wagalu, akatswiri amalangiza kuti muzisamala ndi izi:
- Mwana wagalu wathanzi amakhala wokangalika, wofunitsitsa kudziwa zambiri komanso kusewera.
- Akuwoneka wonenepa, koma osati wonenepa.
- Nthiti zotuluka komanso kuwonda kowoneka sizilandiridwa: zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena akulu.
- Mwana wagalu wathanzi ali ndi maso owoneka bwino, oyera osatuluka, chovala chonyezimira chopanda madazi ndi khungu lopanda chofiyira kapena kutuluka.
Pazaka za miyezi 2-3, ndizosatheka kuneneratu momwe galuyo adzakulira, komabe posankha, muyenera kulabadira momwe mawonekedwe ake akuyendera ndi mtundu wazinthu zakunja zomwe sizingasinthe pakapita nthawi kapena kusintha pang'ono. Izi zikuphatikiza: utoto, kuluma, utoto wamaso, utoto wa mphuno ndi milomo, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa makutu, kuwongoka ndi kukhazikika kwa miyendo, ndipo koposa zonse, kumvana kogwirizana.
Zofunika! Agalu aang'ono amawoneka obisalapo kuposa nyama zazikulu, komabe kusamvana kwamalamulo komwe kumawonekera msinkhuwu, mwina, kudzadzimva mtsogolomo, galuyo akadzakula.
Mtengo wagalu wagalu
Mtengo wa mwana wagalu wa Landseer woyambira umayamba kuchokera ku ma ruble 35,000-40,000, koma kutengera chiyambi ndi kalasi (chiweto, mtundu, chiwonetsero) chitha kukwera mpaka 100,000 kapena kupitilira apo. Kwa galu wogulidwa mnyumba yachilendo, mwina muyenera kulipira zochulukirapo.Mitengo ya ana agalu amtunduwu imadalira nyengo ndi chilimwe, nthawi ya tchuthi, imatha kutsika kwambiri kuposa tchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano. Komanso zimachitika kuti obereketsa amagulitsa ana ochepera kuposa ana agalu omwe anali atakula kale.
Ndemanga za eni
Padziko lonse lapansi, eni agaluwa amakondwerera kukhulupirika kwa ziweto zawo komanso kufunitsitsa kwawo kuthandiza anthu. Ena mwa omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala nawo pamalopo amadziwa kuti agalu awo, akamasambira mumtsinje kapena munyanja, amakankhira eni ake kunyanja, monganso makolo awo, omwe adapulumutsa anthu akumira pakasweka kwa bwato. Komanso, eni ake amadziwa kuti galu uyu ndi wosavuta kusamalira, ndipo pakudya ndiwodzichepetsa.
Zowona, kuti mukhale wolimba mwamphamvu, wamphamvu komanso wathanzi, muyenera kuwononga ndalama zambiri pakudyetsa komanso kudyetsa bwino... Eni ake a zokongola zoyera ndi zakuda izi amadziwa kuti ubweya wa ziweto zawo, ukakhala wauve, ngakhale wolimba kwambiri, umadziyeretsa, womwe umachepetsa chisamaliro chawo. Macheza apadera a malo otetezera malo ndi nyama zina ndi kukonda kwawo ana ndi mbali ina ya mtundu womwe eni ake amazindikira.
Mwambiri, uwu ndi mtundu wabwinobwino, koma eni malo omwe ali ndiudindo, ngati njira yodzitetezera, amapita ndi chiweto chawo kuchipatala cha zinyama kamodzi pachaka kuti akakhale ndi thanzi labwino ndikulimbikitsanso kuchitira zomwezo kwa anthu onse omwe amatenga galu wotere kulowa mnyumba.
Oyendetsa malo ndi agalu akulu akulu oyera oyera ndi akuda. Opangidwa monga okwatirana nawo, agaluwa tsopano ndi anzawo abwino. Waubwenzi, wokonda komanso wokonda kuthandiza eni ake, ndioyenera kwambiri kukhala ziweto kwa anthu okhala kunja kwa mzindawu. Ndipo kwa iwo omwe akufuna galu wamkulu, wamphamvu, koma wosakwiya kuti azikhala mnyumba mwake, ndizotheka kupangira Landseer ngati chiweto.
