Nsombazi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zolengedwa zodabwitsa kwambiri zomwe sizinawonekerepo padziko lathuli. Cholengedwa ichi, chomwe chimakhala pansi penipeni pa nyanja, chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo, odabwitsa, owopsa komanso "osafikirika". Ndizovuta kutchula nyamayi kuti ndiyokongola, koma pali china chake chomwe sichingasiye aliyense amene adachiwonapo.
Kufotokozera kwa madontho a nsomba
Kutaya nsomba - wokhala m'nyanja yakuya, yomwe imabweretsa moyo wapansi... Ndi za banja la psychrolute ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri zomwe zimakhala padziko lapansi. Maonekedwe ake amawoneka onyansa kwa anthu kotero kuti ambiri a iwo amawona dontho ngati cholengedwa chonyansa kwambiri chomwe chimakhala munyanja.
Maonekedwe
Ndi mawonekedwe amthupi lake, nyamayi imafanana ndi dontho, ndipo "madzi" ake, mawonekedwe ake amakhala ofanana ndi dzinali. Mukayang'ana kuchokera mbali kapena kumbuyo, zitha kuwoneka kuti iyi ndi nsomba wamba, yosadabwitsa ya khungu losalala, nthawi zambiri lofiirira, komanso nthawi zina lofiirira. Ili ndi thupi lalifupi, loloza kumapeto, ndipo mchira wake uli ndi timitengo tating'onoting'ono tofanana kwambiri ndi mitsempha.
Koma zonse zimasintha mukayang'ana dontho la "nkhope": pakuwona nkhope yake, yosakwiya komanso yachisoni, zomwe zimapangitsa cholengedwa ichi kuti chiwoneke ngati bambo wachikulire wokhumudwa, yemwe wina adakhumudwitsanso, mumadzifunsa mosadabwitsa zomwe zina zodabwitsa Zitha kuperekedwa kwa anthu mwachilengedwe, zomwe zimapanga nyama zowoneka mwapadera komanso zosaiwalika.
Ndizosangalatsa! Dontho liribe chikhodzodzo, chifukwa limangophulika kuzama komwe limakhala. Kupanikizika kwamadzi komweko kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kotero kuti madontho amayenera kuchita popanda "chikhumbo" ichi, chomwe chimakhala choyimira kwa oimira anzawo.
Monga nsomba zina zambiri zakuya panyanja, dontho lili ndi mutu wawukulu, wokulirapo, kamwa yayikulu yokhala ndi milomo yayikulu, yothinana, yomwe imasandulika thupi lalifupi, maso akuda pang'ono, maso ozama komanso "chizindikiro" chakumaso, chokumbukira mphuno yayikulu, yopindika pang'ono ya munthu ... Chifukwa chakunja kwake, adatchedwa nsomba yachisoni.
Nsomba yotsika kawirikawiri imakula kuposa masentimita makumi asanu m'litali, ndipo kulemera kwake sikupitilira makilogalamu 10-12, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri malinga ndi malo ake: pambuyo pake, mkati mwanyanja muli zilombo zomwe zimafikira mita zingapo m'litali. Mtundu wake, nthawi zambiri, umakhala wa bulauni kapena, kawirikawiri, pinki. Koma, mulimonsemo, mtunduwo nthawi zonse umakhala wosasangalatsa, womwe umathandiza dontho kuti lidzibise lokha ngati mtundu wa madontho apansi ndipo, pamapeto pake, limapangitsa kukhalapo kwake kukhala kosavuta.
Thupi la nsombayi lilibe masikelo okha, komanso minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dontho lofanana likhale lolimba ngati mafuta oundana ndi gelatinous ogona mbale... Gelatinous mankhwala amapangidwa ndi mpweya wapadera womwe nyama izi zimaperekedwa. Kuperewera kwa masikelo ndi dongosolo laminyewa ndizabwino, osati zovuta za nsomba zoponya. Chifukwa cha izi, sikuyenera kuchita khama mukamayenda mozama kwambiri. Ndipo ndikosavuta kudya motere: muyenera kungotsegula pakamwa panu ndikudikirira mpaka kena kodyedwa kusambira mmenemo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Blob ndi cholengedwa chodabwitsa komanso chobisika. Cholengedwa ichi chimakhala pansi penipeni pomwe sipangathe kusunthira pansi, ndipo chifukwa chake, asayansi samadziwa pang'ono za moyo wa nsombayi. Dontho lidafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1926, pomwe lidakodwa koyamba mu ukonde ndi asodzi aku Australia. Koma, ngakhale kuti posachedwa papita zaka zana kuchokera pomwe adapeza, adaphunzira zochepa kwambiri.
Ndizosangalatsa! Tsopano zatsimikizika kuti dontho limakhala ndi chizolowezi choyandama pang'onopang'ono ndikutuluka m'mbali yamadzi, ndipo imasungidwa chifukwa choti kachulukidwe ka thupi longa la odzola ndikotsika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa madzi. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, nsomba imeneyi imapachikika ndipo, potsegula pakamwa pake, imadikirira nyama kuti isambiremo.
Mwachidziwikire, nsomba zazikulu zamtunduwu zimakhala moyo wokha, pomwe zimasonkhana awiriawiri kuti apitilize mtundu wawo. Kuphatikiza apo, dontho la nsomba ndi nyumba yakunyumba. Nthawi zambiri samachoka kudera lomwe amusankha ndipo nthawi zambiri samakwera kuposa ma 600 mita, ndichachidziwikire, kupatula milandu ija ikagwidwa maukonde ndikusakidwa pamwamba. Kenako amayenera kusiya mwakuya kwawo kuti asadzabwererenso kumeneko.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake "achilendo," blob fish yatchuka kwambiri munyuzipepala ndipo yawonekeranso m'makanema angapo asayansi monga Amuna mu Black 3 ndi The X-Files.
Ndi nsomba zingati zomwe zimaponya moyo
Zolengedwa zodabwitsazi zimakhala zaka zisanu mpaka khumi ndi zinayi, ndipo kutalika kwa moyo wawo kumadalira kwambiri mwayi kuposa momwe zinthu zilili, zomwe sizingatchulidwe kuti zosavuta. Ambiri mwa nsombazi amataya miyoyo yawo asanakwane chifukwa chakuti iwowo mwangozi amasambira mu maukonde kapena kuwadyera limodzi ndi nsomba zam'madzi akuya, komanso nkhanu ndi nkhanu. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa madontho kumakhala zaka 8-9.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Nsombazi zimakhala pansi pa nyanja za Indian, Pacific ndi Atlantic, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pagombe la Australia kapena Tasmania. Amakonda kukhala mozama kuchokera ku 600 mpaka 1200, ndipo nthawi zina kuposa mita. Komwe amakhala, kuthamanga kwamadzi kumakhala makumi asanu ndi atatu kapena kupitirirapo kuthamanga kwapafupi.
Zakudya madontho a nsomba
Dontho limadyetsa plankton ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono.... Koma ngati mkamwa mwake mutseguka kudikirira nyama zoyandama, ndipo wina wokulirapo kuposa ma crustaceans, ndiye kuti dontho nalonso silikana kudya nkhomaliro. Mwambiri, amatha kumeza chilichonse chodyedwa chomwe chingagwirizane ndi mkamwa mwake mwamphamvu.
Kubereka ndi ana
Zambiri zomwe zimaswana mwa mitundu iyi sizidziwika bwinobwino. Kodi nsomba yoponya imayang'ana bwanji bwenzi? Kodi nsombazi zimakhala ndi mwambo wokwatirana, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndi chiyani? Kodi kuswana kumachitika bwanji ndipo nsomba zimakonzekera bwanji kuti zibereke pambuyo pake? Palibe mayankho a mafunso awa.
Ndizosangalatsa!Koma, komabe, china chake chokhudza kubalanso kwa nsomba zam'madzi, komabe, chimadziwika chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa asayansi.
Mkazi wamkazi wa dontho amaikira mazira m'malo otsika, omwe amakhala pansi penipeni pomwe amakhala. Ndipo mazirawo atayikidwa, "amaikira" pa iwo ndikuwaswera kwenikweni, monga nkhuku yomwe ikukhala pa mazirawo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, amawateteza ku ngozi zomwe zingachitike. Pachisa, nsomba yachikazi imagwetsa dontho mpaka mwachangu atuluke m'mazira.
Koma ngakhale pambuyo pake, mayiyo amasamalira ana ake kwa nthawi yayitali.
Amathandizira mwachangu kuti adziwe nyanja yatsopano, yayikulu komanso yosakhala yotetezeka nthawi zonse, ndipo poyamba banja lonse limayang'anitsitsa kutchera maso ndi nyama zomwe zitha kuwononga, ndikupita kumadera opanda bata komanso amtendere kwambiri. Chisamaliro cha amayi mu nsomba zamtunduwu chimapitilira mpaka ana omwe akula atakhala odziyimira pawokha. Pambuyo pake, madontho achikulire a nsomba amafalikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mwina, kuti asadzakumanenso ndi abale awo apamtima.
Adani achilengedwe
Pansi penipeni pomwe nsomba zadontho zimakhala, sizokayikitsa kuti adani ambiri adzapezeka ndipo, mulimonsemo, ngati alipo, ndiye kuti sayansi sichidziwa chilichonse chokhudza izi. Ndizotheka kuti nyama zina zakuya zam'madzi, monga, squid wamkulu ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba za angler, zimawopseza nsombazi.... Komabe, izi sizitsimikiziridwa ndi zolemba zilizonse. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano akukhulupirira kuti nsombayo ilibe mdani kupatula anthu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Ngakhale kuti nsomba iyi ilibe adani m'chilengedwe, kuchuluka kwake kwayamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika?
Pali zifukwa zotsatirazi.
- Kukula kwausodzi, chifukwa chomwe dontho la nsomba limalowabe m'makoka limodzi ndi nkhanu ndi nkhanu.
- Kuwononga chilengedwe ndi zinyalala zomwe zimakhazikika pansi pa nyanja.
- Pang'ono pang'ono, komabe kuchepa kwa nsomba kumakhudza kuti nyama yake imadziwika kuti ndi yabwino m'maiko ena aku Asia, komwe amatchedwanso king fish. Mwamwayi omalizawa, azungu samadya nsombazi.
Nsomba zam'madzi zikuchepa pang'onopang'ono... Zimatenga zaka zisanu mpaka khumi ndi zinayi kuti ziwirikizenso. Ndipo izi zimaperekedwa kuti palibe mphamvu yolimbana ndi vuto lililonse yomwe ingachitike, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu komwe kudzachepanso.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pakadali pano, nsomba zomwe zatsikira zikuwopsezedwa kuti zitha chifukwa chakuchepa kwanthawi zonse. Izi zimachitika chifukwa choti ngakhale kuletsedwa kwa nsomba za mtundu uwu, madontho ambiri amatengedwa muukonde mukamagwetsa pansi mukamagwira nkhanu, nkhanu komanso nsomba zam'madzi akuya.
Komabe, ndizotheka kuti dontho lipulumutsidwa pakuwonongeka komaliza kwa mbiri yake pazanema. Maonekedwe omvetsa chisoni a nsombayi adathandizira kukhala meme yotchuka ndipo adaloleza kuti iwonekere m'mafilimu angapo odziwika. Zonsezi zidapangitsa kuti mawu ochulukirapo ayambe kumveka poteteza nsomba "zoyipa" izi, ndipo ndizotheka kuti izi ziphatikizira njira zazikulu zopulumutsira.
Nsomba yakugwa, yomwe ilibe mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri, chifukwa cha zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ndi yonyansa, ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa kwambiri. Sayansi siyidziwa zochepa za momwe imakhalira, momwe imaberekera, komanso magwero ake. Mwinanso tsiku lina asayansi adzatha kutanthauzira zipsinjo zonse zomwe nsomba zimaponya... Chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti cholengedwa chachilendo ichi chitha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka nthawi imeneyo.
