Bull Gaur - wamoyo m'nkhalango chimphona
Gaur - woimira ng'ombe wamkulu kwambiri wa artiodactyl, wochokera ku India. Nyama yosowa kwambiri m'nthawi yathu ino. Kuyambira nthawi zakale, yakhalabe chimphona pakati pa ng'ombe zamphongo zenizeni. Ndizosachita chilungamo kukumbukira kawirikawiri wokhala padziko lapansi pano.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a gaura
Gaura poyerekeza kukula kwake ndi njati, chimphona chotchuka kwambiri chachilengedwe. Koma iliyonse ndi yoyamba m'gulu lake: njati zikutsogolera kulemera, komanso gaur kukula kwake.
Ng'ombe yamphongo yamphamvu imafika kutalika kwa 3-3.2 m, kulemera kwa nthumwi zazikulu mpaka matani 1.5. Nyanga mpaka 90 cm m'litali ndizopindidwa mozama ngati kakhirisimasi. Pakati pa nyanga pamatuluka mphumi pamphumi komanso pakhungu lopindika.
Kutalika kwa ng'ombe yamphongo pafupifupi mamita 2. Chibade mpaka 70 cm ndichachikulu kwambiri pakati pa abale ake. Akazi ndi kotala koterepa kukula ndi kulemera kwa amuna.
Mphamvu zazikulu ndi kukongola kwa ukulu zimabadwa gauru... Khosi, mapewa ndi miyendo yamphamvu ndimasewera. Mphumi lakuthwa pamutu waukulu wokhala ndi makutu akulu. Kumbuyo kwa thupi kumakhala kocheperako kuposa kutsogolo.
Thupi limatetezedwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi lofiirira lokhala ndi utoto wakuda kapena wofiyira. Anthu achikulire ali ndi khungu lakuda poyerekeza ndi achinyamata. M'madera ouma gauras khalani ndi mthunzi wofiira waubweya.
Kuchuluka kwa ng'ombe zamtchire kuli pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha miliri komanso umbanda. India ili ndi ziweto zazikulu kwambiri; kwina kulikonse kuli gauras yovuta.
Adani achilengedwe a zimphona amatha kukhala ng'ona ndi akambuku okha. Kuukira kumachitika pokhapokha ng'ombeyo isapitirire kukula kwake kapena yaying'ono.
Ngakhale kukula kwake, gaur imakhala yoyendetsedwa ndi abambo ndipo amatchedwa gayal kapena mitan. Anthu amasungidwa kuntchito komanso ngati gwero la nyama. Zogulitsa kunyumba yaying'ono kukula, bata pamakhalidwe. Anthu amderali adadutsa anyamata ndi ng'ombe.
Moyo wa Gaura komanso malo okhala
Kufalitsa dera la gaura ku Central, Southeast Asia. Ng'ombe zambiri zimakhala ku India, mitu masauzande angapo. Anthu mazana ambiri amapezeka ku Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Nepal.
Indian ng'ombe gaur Imakonda nkhalango zobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso dziwe. Nthawi zina zimawoneka ngati magalasi osaka chakudya, koma, zimapewa kupita kumalo otseguka. M'nkhalango, malo ocheperako ndi oyenera kwa iye, popanda zitsamba kapena mafunde othina. Imakwera mapiri komanso mapiri, mpaka 2800 m.
Zochitika zachilengedwe zimawonekera masana, pomwe gulu la mitu 10-12 limadya msipu. Nyama zimakhala m'magulu amuna 1-2, akazi 5-6 azimuna ndi ana ang'ono.
Ngati pali malo okhala anthu pafupi, ng'ombe zamphongo za Gaura zimasintha moyo wawo kukhala usiku, pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira, amasiya malo awo okhala, akusamala ndikuwonetseratu zamtsogolo.
Gululo limalunjika, monga lamulo, ndi mkazi wodziwa bwino kwambiri. Ngati gulu likuyenda, iye, monga mtsogoleri, ali kutsogolo kapena amatseka kubwerera kwawo. Pozindikira kuwopseza ngati mawonekedwe akulira, ziwetozo zimayima ndikuzizira.
Pambuyo pozindikira kuopsa, nyamazo zimakhala pankhondo. Ngakhale ma gauras amawoneka owopsa, samaukira koyamba. Pokhudzana ndi nyama zina, ng'ombe zamtendere ndizamtendere kwambiri, sizilowa mikangano, zimapuma mkatikati mwa nkhalango, zimayenda modabwitsa.
Ngati ngoziyo singapeweke, amamenya nkhonya zapadera kuti mdani amenye lipenga kapena aponyedwe patali pang'ono kuchokera pomwe amenyedwa. M'maguru akale, nyanga imodzi imakhala yotopa kwambiri kuposa inayo chifukwa chodzitchinjiriza.
Chiwerengero cha mitu yayikulu ingathe kufikira 4-5 makumi pophatikiza magulu angapo am'mabanja. Gulu laling'ono la anyamata achichepere sizachilendo. Okalamba amakhala ngati ziweto.
Anthu apabanja amakhala odekha komanso odekha, omwe amayamikiridwa kwambiri. Tsogolo la gauras zakutchire limadalira munthu amene amabweretsa ziwopsezo zambiri ku nyama: kuchepetsa ziwembu, matenda opatsirana ndi ziweto, ludzu lopeza phindu kudzera pakupha anthu akuluakulu. Ngakhale kuphatikizidwa mu Red Book sikulepheretsa kupezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa mitundu yinyama yanyama.
Chakudya cha Gaura
Ndizodabwitsa kuti ng'ombe yayikuluyo ndi nyama yodyetsa. Mphamvu zake ndi mphamvu zake zimadalira chakudya chosavuta chokhala ndi mafoloko, masamba azomera, mphukira zazing'ono, mbande za nsungwi, ndi masamba a shrub.
Monga lamulo, nyama zimapita kukadya m'mawa ndi madzulo, dzuwa lisanalowe. Amakonda madzi kwambiri, amamwa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amasambira.
Kutentha, amabisala mumthunzi wa mitengo ikuluikulu ndikusaka chakudya chodzaza ndi chinyezi. Ng'ombe zapakhomo za Gaura msipu mwaufulu. Mukafuna kukopa nyama, chidutswa chamchere chimamangiriridwa nyambo.
Kubereka ndi moyo wa gaura
Nthawi zopondereza za Gauras zilibe malire omveka bwino azaka. Nthawi yofala kwambiri kuyambira koyambirira kwa Novembala mpaka kumapeto kwa Epulo. Munthawi imeneyi, yamphongo imodzi imalumikizana ndi ziweto. Phokoso lotulutsa mawu limamveka, lofanana ndi kubangula kwa agwape, ndipo limatha kumveka kutali mpaka 1-2 km.
Pankhondo za gauras, chisonyezero champhamvu chimachitika ng'ombezo zitatembenukira chammbali, kuwonetsa chithunzi chachikulu, ndikuwombera moopsa. Mutu umapendekekera ndipo nyanga imodzi imalunjika kunkhondo. Kwenikweni, nkhondoyi imatha ndi chiwonetsero chotere. Nkhondo sizimachitika kawirikawiri, nyama sizimavulaza adani.
Mimba ya akazi imakhala miyezi 9. Mayi woyembekezera amapita kutchire ndikupuma pantchito. Ng'ombe imodzi imabadwa, kaŵirikaŵiri mapasa amabadwa. Kubwerera ku ziweto kumachitika ndi ana.
Poyamba, mkazi amakhala wosamala komanso wamakani poteteza mwana wa ng'ombe. Kudyetsa mkaka kumatenga miyezi 7 mpaka 12. Ana amakhala pansi pa chisamaliro cha amayi awo nthawi zonse.
Pachithunzichi muli gaura wakhanda
Kukula msinkhu kumachitika zaka 2-3. Ng'ombe zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimalumikizana kwakanthawi kukhala gulu limodzi, kenako nkupanga zawo. Kutalika kwa moyo wa gaura pafupifupi zaka 30.
Mutha kuwona ma gaurs m'malo osungira zazikulu kwambiri. Kusungidwa kwa zamoyo zamtchire, chifukwa chowopseza kutha kwa zimphona, ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa akatswiri a zoo.
