Zochita za mbalame, monga zimakhulupirira kwa zaka mazana ambiri, zimadziwika ndi chibadwa chawo. Mbalame sizingathe kuphunzira chilichonse chatsopano - zimangodziwa zomwe zimadutsa mibadwomibadwo. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi owonera mbalame - asayansi omwe amaphunzira mbalame - amadzetsa kukayikira izi.
Kwa nyengo zingapo motsatizana, akatswiri odziwa kuphunzitsa mbalame ku Scottish awona moyo wa owomba owala ndi maso ofiira, mbalame yaying'ono yomwe imakhala ku West ndi North-West Africa. Moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mbalame udalembedwa ndi kanema kamera. Kujambula kanema ndiko komwe kunapangitsa kuti zitsimikizire kuti "njira" yomangira zisa za mbalamezi ndi yosiyana. Ena amawomba nyumba zawo ndi masamba audzu ndi njira zina zosasinthika kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere, ena kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. Anadziwika mu mbalame ndi zina zomanga. Koma chodabwitsa kwambiri kwa ofufuzawo ndichakuti mbalamezi nthawi zonse ... zikuwonjezera luso lawo.
Pakati pa nyengo, oluka amabereketsa ana kangapo, ndipo nthawi iliyonse akamamanga zisa zatsopano. Ndipo asayansi anali otsimikiza kuti mbalame yomweyi, kuyambira chisa chatsopano, imagwira ntchito molondola komanso mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati akumanga nyumba yoyamba, nthawi zambiri amagwetsa maudzu pansi, ndiye kuti panali zolakwitsa zochepa. Izi zidatsimikizira kuti mbalamezi zimapeza ndikumvetsetsa. Mwanjira ina, tidaphunzira popita. Ndipo izi zidatsutsa malingaliro am'mbuyomu kuti kuthekera komanga zisa ndi luso lachibadwa la mbalame.
Katswiri wina wa zamaphunziro ku Scottish ananenapo izi atapeza zinthu zosayembekezereka izi: “Ngati mbalame zonse zimamanga zisa zawo mogwirizana ndi chibadwa chawo, ndiye kuti munthu angayembekezere kuti zonse zimapanga zisa zawo mofanana nthawi zonse. Komabe, iyi inali nkhani yosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, owomba ku Africa adawonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu munjira zawo, zomwe zikuwonetseratu gawo lofunikira lazambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ndi chitsanzo cha mbalame, titha kunena kuti kuchita bizinesi iliyonse kumabweretsa ungwiro. "
