Mphaka yemwe wapambana osati chikondi cha anthu ambiri, komanso nambala yayikulu kwambiri mu Guinness Book of Records. Dzina lachi Latin la amphaka onse, Felis catus, mwa iye lingamasuliridwe kuti "mphaka wamphaka", ndiye kuti, pusi yemwe adaphimba ena ambiri. Ndiloleni ndikuuzeni: Maine Coon, imodzi mwa amphaka akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yoyamba mukawona Maine Coon, mudzadabwa. Iyi ndi mphaka yayikulu kwambiri. Ngati simukudziwa kuti ichi ndi chiweto, mutha kuchita mantha pang'ono. Amphaka achikulire amalemera mpaka 8.5 kg, ndipo amatayidwa - mpaka 12. Kutalika kwawo kumafota kumafika masentimita 45, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala 1 mita, limodzi ndi mchira - mpaka 1.36 m. Ngakhale amphaka ena amakula ali ndi zaka 1 zaka, "mwana" uyu akhoza kukula mpaka zaka 5. Mitundu yotere imatchedwa "kukhwima pang'onopang'ono". Mphaka wa Maine Coon nthawi zambiri pafupifupi kotala la kulemera kwake kuposa mphaka.
Maonekedwe a chiweto ndiovuta kwambiri. Ali ndi mutu waukulu wokhala ndi masaya odziwika bwino komanso ndevu zazitali kwambiri. Makutu akulu osongoka ndi ngayaye amakongoletsa mutu. Tsitsi limakulanso kuchokera mkatikati mwa makutu, lomwe limatetezanso kuzizira. Sizachabe kuti mtundu uwu umawonedwa ngati wakumpoto, wozolowera kuzinthu zovuta. Zovala zawo zazitali zimasinthidwa bwino nyengo. Ndiosakhwima komanso ofewa pakukhudza, kutalika kumatengera mtundu, mtundu wa mtundu ndi nyengo.
Chachidule chilimwe, chotalikirapo m'nyengo yozizira. Anthu ena amafanana ndi mane pakhosi, ena amakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali pamimba ndi mbali, komanso lalifupi pamutu ndi m'mapewa. Chovala chamkati chomwe chimakhala cholimba chimalola mphaka kukhala chete ngakhale chisanu. Mapazi ndi amphamvu, ataliatali, onse okutidwa ndi ubweya. Pali tsitsi limodzi ngakhale pakati pa zala zakuphazi. Zikuwoneka kuti mphaka wavala nsapato zachisanu, motero amateteza kwambiri ubweya wa m'manja mwake kuzizira. Mchira ndiwofewa komanso motalika.
Mtundu uliwonse wa malaya umalandiridwa. Chofala kwambiri chimadziwika kuti ndi bulauni tabby (mtundu "wamtchire"). Mitundu yolimba, yowoneka bwino, yosiyanasiyana, yosuta komanso yolimba imavomerezedwa. Kuletsedwa kokha pamitundu ya chokoleti, lavender ndi Siamese (color point). Mitunduyi siyimangidwe ndipo sichita nawo ziwonetsero.
Maso ake ndi owoneka bwino, nthawi zambiri amakhala obiriwira achikaso. Ngakhale mithunzi yonse imavomerezedwa, kupatula buluu kapena mitundu yambiri yazinyama zomwe sizoyera. Akuluakulu kukula ndi malire akuda. Maonekedwe ake ndiwosamalitsa, oganiza bwino komanso anzeru kwambiri.
Kukhalapo kwa zala zazing'ono pamapazi kungatanthauzidwe kuti kumawonjezera mawonekedwe.
Izi zimatchedwa polydactylism. Mu amphaka amakono, imatsala pang'ono kuthetsedwa, chifukwa siyilandiridwa chifukwa cha mitundu yowonetsa. Koma kwa amphaka akale a mizu, amadziwika bwino. Posachedwapa, zatsimikiziridwa kuti khalidweli silimabweretsa mavuto aliwonse pa thanzi la mphaka, chifukwa chake oweta ndi mabungwe ena sataya khalidweli, koma, m'malo mwake, amaweta nyama zoterezi.
Ndipo pamapeto pake, chinthu china chodabwitsa cha chimphona chaubweya ndi mawu osangalatsa osangalatsa. Monga ngati akuzindikira kukula kwake, satulutsa mkokomo wowopsa, koma mwakachetechete amatsuka. "Maine Coon pachithunzichi"- Uwu unali mutu wa zithunzi zingapo ndi wojambula wotchuka waku Poland Robert Sizka. M'ntchito zake, zolengedwa izi zimawonetsedwa bwino komanso zowoneka bwino, zimawoneka zazikulu, zodabwitsa komanso zozizwitsa pang'ono. Mbuye mwiniwakeyo amatcha Maine Coon "mfumu ya amphaka."
Mitundu
Mtundu wa Maine Coon umadziwika kuti ndi wachikhalidwe komanso wakale kwambiri ku North America. Komabe, obereketsa ochokera ku Europe adapanga mizere yatsopano, ndikusiya mawonekedwe odziwika, koma amagawira amphaka zinthu zatsopano. Umu ndi m'mene mizere iwiri ya intra-breed idawonekera - American ndi European.
Ma Coons aku America ali ndi mafupa olimba komanso olimba, ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa achibale aku Europe, koma siochepera kulemera ndi mphamvu kwa iwo. Mutu wa aku America ndiwotakata, kusintha kuchokera pamphumi pakatikati kupita pakamwa kumawonekera kwambiri. Maso ndi ozungulira. Makutu ndi amfupi komanso otakata kupatula a azungu; mphonje zobiriwira sizilandiridwa. Kunja, amawoneka ngati nkhalango yaku Norway kapena mtundu wa Siberia.
Mtundu waku Europe udapangidwa mzaka za m'ma 90 zam'zaka zapitazi. Kusiyanitsa kofunikira ndi maso otsetsereka pang'ono komanso opapatiza. Anali anthu awa omwe adatchuka chifukwa chakuwonongeka pang'ono komanso mwamanyazi chifukwa chodulidwa kwachilendo kwa maso. Mphuno yawo imawoneka yamakona atatu, thupi limakwezedwa nthawi zambiri, mchira ndi wautali, kumbuyo kwake umayenera kufikira phewa. Mapazi ake ndi okwera.
Poyamba, azungu anali achisomo komanso owonda kwambiri kuposa aku America. Koma popita nthawi, obereketsa adasintha zomwe zidachitika. Tsopano msana wa azungu walimba kwambiri. Mzerewu sungadzitamande ndi malaya olemera ngati ma Aborigine, koma ndalama zochokera ku Europe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuya kwa utoto. Mu mtundu uwu, amphaka amtundu wobiriwira nthawi zambiri amabadwa.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Maine Coon amatha kutanthauziridwa kuti "Manx raccoon". Iwo ali nalo dzina ili lofanana ndi raccoon - mtundu wa ubweya, mawonekedwe olimba ndi mchira wopambana. Pali mtundu womwe ma coons oyamba adawonekera ku America kuchokera pakulumikizana kwa amphaka ndi ma raccoons. Ena amati uwu ndi wosakanizidwa ndi mphaka ndi mphaka, mwina chifukwa cha ngayaye m'makutu.
Pali nkhani yodzazidwa ndi chikondi. Mfumukazi yochititsa manyazi a Marie Antoinette adayesetsa kupewa ngozi yoopsa poyenda kuchokera ku France pa sitima. Pamodzi ndi katundu wake, anali kukonzekera kutenga zomwe amakonda - amphaka angapo akulu a Angora. Monga mukudziwa, sanathe kuthawa, koma amphaka adapita ku America ndi sitimayo. Kumeneko, ku Maine, adakwatirana ndi amphaka achiaborijini.
Umu ndi momwe "amphaka a Manx" adachitikira. Komabe, chiyambi chenicheni cha ma Coons sichinakhazikitsidwe, kotero mtundu uliwonse ungakhale wowona. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti amphaka amphaka adatchuka kumapeto kwa zaka za 19th ndikufalikira ku North America. Iwo anayamba nawo zisudzo kuyambira 1860. Pambuyo povomerezedwa, kufalikira kwanthawi yayitali kunatsatira.
Anayambanso kulankhula za amphaka pakati pa zaka za zana la 20. Mu 1953, kalabu yopulumutsa ndi kuchotsera ndalama idapangidwa, ndipo mu 1956 malamulo oyambilira adakhazikitsidwa. Bungwe lolamulira ku London la okonda mphaka lidavomereza mtunduwu mu February 1988.
Khalidwe
Maonekedwe okongola amatanthauza kukhazikika. Komabe, a Coons amakhala ochezeka komanso achikondi. Sangathe kukhala osungulumwa, amakhala omangika kwa eni ake. Ziweto zimakhala bwino ndi ana, zimasewera nazo. Zowona, pamlingo uwu ndikofunikira kuchenjeza. Mphaka ndi wamkulu kwambiri, osamusiyira mwana wakhanda osasamaliridwa kuti apewe zovuta.
Ndalama zimagwirizana bwino ndi ziweto zina. Komabe, ndani angawatsutse? Zowona, iwonso ndiowolowa manja komanso olemekezeka, sawonetsa nkhanza. Koma apanga chibadwa chosaka. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona mphaka akuyang'anitsitsa mbalame kapena nsomba zam'madzi. Poterepa, osadalira olemekezeka, mosangalala adzatsegula dzanja lake m'madzi kuti agwire wovutikayo.
Ngati mphaka akuyenera kusaka wina, yesani kuwona izi. Mugulire zidole.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri amazindikira nzeru, nzeru, kukumbukira bwino komanso luso labwino kwambiri la amphakawa. Ndi omvera komanso ophunzitsidwa. Si pachabe kuti nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "agalu amphaka".
Chakudya
Mphaka wamkuluyu amadya kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri. Ichi mwina ndichimodzi mwazotheka zochepa. Kuti mumudyetse bwino, funsani woweta kapena veterinor. Pazakudya zabwino, ndikofunikira kusankha njira - kaya mugule zakudya zopangidwa bwino kwambiri, kapena muyimire pazinthu zachilengedwe. Ngati musankha njira yoyamba, onjezerani zakudya zamzitini kuti muumitse chakudya kawiri pa sabata, ndipo izi ziyenera kukhala zopangidwa ndi wopanga yemweyo. Pankhani yachiwiri, palinso malangizo ena:
• Kuchokera ku zakudya zamapuloteni, ng'ombe yaiwisi ndi yophika, kalulu ndi Turkey ndizoyenera iye. Nyama ya nkhumba, bakha ndi tsekwe sayenera kuphatikizidwa pazakudya, ndi zonenepa kwambiri kwa iye. Muyeneranso kusiya masoseji, nyama zosuta. Nsomba zam'nyanja ndi nsomba yophika ndizabwino.
• Phatikizani zopangira mkaka wofukula, ma yolks owira ndi mazira a zinziri mu zakudya.
• Kufunika kwa ulusi kumakwaniritsidwa ndi kusankha chimanga.
• Mavitamini ndi mchere amawonjezedwa mosiyana, komanso ngati njere zomwe zimera.
Malamulo ambiri pamitundu yonse yodyetsa: onetsetsani kuyang'anira kupezeka kwa madzi m'mbale, musaiwale kupereka phala lapadera lochotsa ubweya m'mimba ndikugula galasi kapena chitsulo, pulasitiki imatha kuyambitsa khungu.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Amphaka a Maine Coon kuyambira pakubadwa kuposa ana ena onse. Pali ana amphaka atatu kapena atatu m'ngalande imodzi, yokhala ndi ubweya wosiyanasiyana. Ngati muli ndi banja lonse mnyumba mwanu - abambo, amayi ndi ana ang'ono - musadabwe ndi machitidwe a mutu wabanja. Abambo amphaka azikhala ndi udindo komanso kholo losamalira monga mayi. Ziri mu chikhalidwe chawo. Onse makolo adzaphunzitsanso zoyambira za moyo kumayambiliro. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pachakudya, komanso maulendo opita ku thireyi, komanso ukhondo.
Ana amakula makamaka athanzi. Zilonda zochepa chabe ndi zomwe zimawononga mphamvu ndi mphamvu za chiweto. Mwachitsanzo, matenda amtima ndi hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Amapezeka kudzera pakuwunika. Matenda a msana ndi owopsa. Matenda onsewa adaphunzira kuyesa ku America.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali chizolowezi cha dysplasia yolumikizira mchiuno. Ichi ndi matenda obadwa nawo obadwa nawo azinyama zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimatha kuthandizidwa. Mukapita kukawona veterinar pa nthawi yake kuti mukalandire katemera ndi mayeso oteteza, kondani mphaka, mumudyetse moyenera, mnzanuyo adzakhala ndi zaka 13-16.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Maine Coon chisamaliro kusamala kumafunikira. Izi zimakhudza makamaka ubweya. Kuti ubweya usagwe, ndipo mateti sanapangidwe, m'pofunika kupesa mphaka tsiku lililonse ndi chisa ndi mano osalimba. Ngati zingwe zikuwoneka, musazidule nokha, funsani akatswiri okonza.
Muyenera kusamba mphaka wanu kawiri pachaka, pogwiritsa ntchito shamposi yapadera kuti muthe kusakaniza. Musaope, simuyenera kugwira chimphona mwamphamvu, iyenso amakonda njira zamadzi. Pukutani maso ndi makutu anu nthawi zonse ndi swab ya thonje yothira m'madzi owiritsa.
Gwiritsani ntchito mswachi ndi mankhwala otsukira mano kutsuka mano mlungu uliwonse kuti muchotse tartar. Zikhadabo ziyenera kudulidwa mosamala kwambiri, maupangiri omwewo. Yesetsani kumuzolowera positi, kuti mumupangire mapangidwe apamwamba komanso omasuka.
Amazolowera thireyi mwachangu. Ntchito yanu ndikusintha zosefera, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuni zokha. Muthanso kugula zonunkhiritsa mphaka kuti muchotse fungo.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira chiweto chotere ndi nyumba yabwinobwino. Adzakhala ndi mwayi woyenda momasuka, kusaka ndipo nthawi zina amakhala pang'ono panja. Ngati mungayerekeze kukhala ndi mphaka m'nyumba mwanu, onetsetsani kuti sagwa pansi, amakhala wokonda kudziwa zambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala pazenera ndikuyang'ana mbalamezo.
Mtengo
Chifukwa chake, titatha kunena mawu okangalika za ziwetozi, funso lachilengedwe limabuka - mtengo waulemerero uwu ndi chiyani? Yankho limawotchera chisangalalo chachikulu cha mafani - mtengo wa mphaka wamphongo wokwanira amachokera $ 700. Onetsani amphaka amawononga ndalama zambiri - kuchokera kumadola 1200.
Ngati banja lanu silofunika kwa inu, ndipo simudzaweta, mutha kugula mphaka ku Russia kwa ma ruble 10,000-15,000. Koma izi ndi mtengo wokhawo wa mphaka, ndalama zambiri zimapita kukasamalira chiweto.
