Lamlungu, gulu lapadziko lonse la akatswiri pankhani yosamalira nyama zosawerengeka adalengeza kuti panda wamkuluyo salinso nyama yomwe ili pachiwopsezo. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, chiwerengero cha anyani akuluakulu chikuchepa nthawi zonse.
Ntchito zomwe zapangidwa kuti apulumutse panda yayikulu pomaliza pake zikubweretsa zotsatira zooneka. Chimbalangondo chakuda ndi choyera chodziwika bwino tsopano sichimadziwika, koma sichinatchulidwenso ngati chosowa.
Udindo wamabuku ofiira a nsungwi udakwezedwa popeza kuchuluka kwa nyama zamtchirezi kudakulirakulira pazaka 10 zapitazi, ndipo pofika 2014 idakwera ndi 17 peresenti. Munali mchaka chino momwe kuchuluka kwa pandas 1,850 okhala kuthengo kunachitika. Poyerekeza, mu 2003, panthawi yowerengera anthu komaliza, panali anthu 1600 okha.
Panda wamkuluyo wakhala pachiwopsezo chotha kuyambira 1990. Ndipo zifukwa zikuluzikulu zakuchepa kwa ziweto izi zinali zowononga mwachangu, zomwe zidatchulidwa makamaka m'ma 1980, ndikuchepetsa kwambiri madera omwe ma pandas amakhala. Boma la China litayamba kuteteza nyama zazikuluzikulu zotchedwa pandas, kuukira kwakukulu kwa anthu opha nyama mosayembekezeka kunayamba (tsopano chilango chonyongedwa chimaperekedwa pakupha panda wamkulu ku China). Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, anayamba kukulitsa malo okhala ma pandas akuluakulu.
China pakadali pano ili ndi malo 67 osungirako panda omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi mapaki aku America. Kuphatikiza pa kuti zochita zoterezi zimathandizira kukulira kwa nyama zazikuluzikulu, izi zimakhudza kwambiri akazi amasiye ena azinyama omwe amakhala mdera lino. Mwachitsanzo, mphalapala wa ku Tibet, yemwe anali nyama yomwe ili pangozi chifukwa cha malaya ake owonda, nayenso adayamba kuchira. Mitundu yokhala m'mapiri iyi tsopano yatchulidwa mu Red Book ngati "pamalo ovuta."
Kusintha uku pamikhalidwe yama pandas akulu, malinga ndi akatswiri ena, ndizachilengedwe, popeza zaka 30 zakugwira ntchito molimbika njirayi sizingabweretse zotsatira.
Nthawi yomweyo, a Mark Brody, Mlangizi Wamkulu wa Conservation and Sustainable Development ku Wolong Nature Reserve ku China, akuti palibe chifukwa chofulumira kukambirana tikamafotokoza zakukula kwa anthu. Mwina mfundo ndiyakuti kuchuluka kwa panda kwakhala bwino. Malingaliro ake, zoyesayesa za boma la China ndizodalirika komanso zoyamikirika, komabe palibe chifukwa chokwanira chotsitsira udindo wa panda wamkulu kuchokera kuzinyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kupita kumalo omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa nkhono zikuluzikulu zikukhalabe, chilengedwechi chikuchepa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikupitilira kugawanika kwa madera omwe amayamba chifukwa chakumanga misewu, chitukuko cha zokopa alendo m'chigawo cha Sichuan komanso zochitika zachuma za anthu.
Koma ngati malingaliro a panda asintha pang'ono mwina, ndiye ndi anyani akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi - ma gorilla akum'mawa - zinthu zaipiraipira. Pazaka 20 zapitazi, chiwerengero chawo chatsika ndi 70 peresenti! Malinga ndi akatswiri a zamalamulo, anthu ndi mitundu yokhayo ya anyani yomwe siili pangozi. Zifukwa za izi ndizodziwika bwino - ndikupha nyama ya nyama zakutchire, kutchera misampha ndi kuwononga malo. M'malo mwake, timadya abale athu, kwenikweni komanso mophiphiritsa.
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la gorilla ndikusaka. Chifukwa chake, ziwetozi zatsika kuchoka pa 17 zikwi mu 1994 mpaka zikwi zinayi mu 2015. Mkhalidwe wovuta wa anyaniwa ukhoza kuyambitsa chidwi cha anthu pamavuto amtunduwu. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale iyi ndi nyani wamkulu padziko lapansi, pazifukwa zina sananyalanyaze. Dera lokhalo momwe ma gorilla a m'mapiri (subspecies a gulu lakummawa) sakuchepa ndi Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda ndi Uganda. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi chinali chitukuko cha zokopa alendo. Koma, mwatsoka, nyama izi ndizochepa kwambiri - zosakwana chikwi chimodzi.
Mitundu yonse yazomera imasowa pamodzi ndi nyama. Mwachitsanzo, ku Hawaii, 87% yazomera 415 zitha kutha. Kuwonongeka kwa zomera kumawopseza ma pandas akulu. Malinga ndi mitundu ina yamasinthidwe amtsogolo amtsogolo, pofika kumapeto kwa zaka zana lino, dera la nkhalango ya nsungwi lidzachepetsedwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Chifukwa chake ndi molawirira kwambiri kuti tizingopuma, ndipo kusamalira nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha kumakhala ntchito yayitali.
