Chombo chowoneka bwino (Circus assimilis) ndi cha dongosolo la Falconiformes. Pafupifupi mitundu khumi ya mbalame zodya nyama ndi ya mtundu wa Circus, koma pakati pawo chotetezera chowonacho ndi mtundu wodabwitsa kwambiri.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa mwezi wamawangamawanga
Chombocho chimakhala ndi kukula kwa thupi masentimita 61, mapiko a masentimita 121 mpaka 147. Kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 477 - 725.
Mbalame yotchedwa Spotted Harrier ndi mbalame yaing'onoting'ono, yopyapyala yodya nyama yokhala ndi mutu waufupi, wokulira komanso wautali, wamiyendo yachikasu yopanda mipando. Maonekedwe ake ndiabwino, ngakhale thupi lake ndi lochepa komanso lokongola. Mapiko ataliatali amakhala ndi maziko, ndipo mchira wake ndi wozungulira kapena wamakona atatu kumapeto.
Kukula kwake kwachikazi ndikokulirapo kuposa kwamphongo, ndipo mtundu wa nthenga ndizosiyana.
Mwa wamwamuna wamkulu, thupi lakumtunda limakhala lofiirira, pansi pake pali nthenga. Mbali zonsezi zimakongoletsedwa mochuluka ndi zoyera zoyera. Mapewa ndi mutu ndizofiyanso, zokhala ndi mitsempha yotuwa. Mchira ndiimvi ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yambiri yopingasa.
Zikamauluka, mbalameyi imangooneka ngati nthenga zakuda ngati nthenga ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kwambiri. Uku ndikosiyana modabwitsa pakati pa gawo lam'munsi lamatupi ndi nthenga zonse zofiira. Zotchinga zazing'ono zimakhala ndi bulauni yakuda. Malo okhala nthunzi pamutu ndi kutsogolo kwa mapiko ndi suede-lalanje. Mtundu wa nthenga ndi motley. Pansi pake thupi ndi lotumbululuka, lofiirira-kofiira ndi mitsempha yaying'ono. Mukuuluka, rump yaying'ono imawonekera, yomwe imasiyanitsa ndi gawo lina lonse lakumtunda.
Malo otayika a Harrier
Chombochi chimapezeka m'nkhalango zotseguka, kuphatikizapo nkhalango za mthethe, nkhalango za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, madambo, ndi zitsamba za shrub. Amawonekera kawirikawiri m'malo odyetserako zachilengedwe, komanso amalowerera m'malo aulimi, minda, malo otseguka, kuphatikiza m'mbali mwa madambo. Amakhala m'malo otseguka, kuphatikiza m'minda ya mpunga ndi mayiwe apanyanja. Imafalikira m'mapiri mpaka kutalika kwa kilomita 1.5.
Kufalitsa chotchinga cha mabanga.
Chombocho chimafala ku Australia.
Amagawidwa kumwera kwa dzikolo, amakhala ku South Australia, New South Wales ndi Victoria. Kugawidwa ku New Guinea, komanso pazilumba za Indonesia (Sumba, Timor ndi Sulawesi). Amakhala kuzilumba zazing'ono za Sunda. Mitundu iyi ya mbalame zodya nyama imangokhala, ngakhale imasamuka pafupipafupi kutengera kusintha kwa malo okhala komanso kupezeka kwa chakudya.
Zoswana zowonongera
Zowonongeka Zowonongeka zisa zokhazokha pamitengo ku Australia ndi Sulawesi. Chisa ndi nsanja yayikulu yomwe ili 2 mpaka 15 mita pamwamba pa nthaka. Chisa chimagona pakati pa nthambi za mtengo. Ndizosowa kwambiri kuti mbalame ziwiri zigwere pansi. Zida zomangira zazikulu ndi nthambi zowuma. Chovalacho chimapangidwa ndi masamba obiriwira ndipo chimayikidwa 2-15 m pamwamba panthaka, mumtengo wamoyo, kangapo pansi. Kawirikawiri 2, kawirikawiri mazira 4 mu clutch. Mzimayi amakhala masiku 32 - 34. Nthawi yonse yogona imakhala masiku 36-43. Amathawa, anapiye amakhala pachisa kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Mavuto Owonongeka
Zotchinga zowononga nyama zakutchire. Idyani:
- bandicoots;
- bettongs ndi makoswe;
- mbalame;
- zokwawa;
- nthawi zina tizilombo.
Nthawi zambiri samadya nyama yakufa.
Wopwetekedwayo akuthamangitsidwa, kumugwira ngati nyama, chifukwa chotsekerachi chimatsikira pansi ndipo pambuyo pothamangitsa kwakanthawi, wozunzidwayo sangathawe. Zotchinga zowoneka zimagwira abakha, mbalame (zinziri, lark, masiketi) ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono monga zokwawa ndi zopanda mafupa. Nthawi zina, pofunafuna chakudya, amapita ku khola ndi nkhuku.
Makhalidwe amtundu wa chotchinga chowoneka
Kum'mwera kwa kontrakitala, zotchinga zooneka ndi mbalame zosamuka pang'ono, chifukwa sizingathe kugwa mvula yambiri. Amasiyanso malo awo mvula ikauma kwambiri ndipo sabwerera komweko, ngakhale kukugwa mvula yambiri chakudya chikakhala chochuluka. Mbalame zodya nyama zimenezi zimadzuka m'mwamba kwambiri ndipo zimauluka pamwamba kwambiri.
Pothawa, mapiko omwe amafalikira pang'ono amafanana ndi chilembo 'V', nthawi zina mwendo umodzi kapena iwiri imatsalira.
Mapiko ataliatali kwambiri amalola kuti miyezi yowonekera kuti igwere mosavuta paudzu wamtali. Mbalame zodya nyama nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yawo yayitali kulowa m'masamba. Khola laling'ono la nkhope, monga la kadzidzi, limasonyeza kuti kumva ndi chida chofunikira posaka. Nthenga zoluka kumaso, zokutira mabowo akuluakulu modabwitsa, ndizofunikira kwambiri posaka. Ndi chithandizo chawo, zotchinga za mabala zimawona mosavuta nyama yawo mwa kubangula ndi kudzinyentchera muudzu wamtali.
Mapiko otalika, otsika ndi ooneka ngati V amasinthidwa kuti aziuluka m'malo otseguka pakati pa mapiri, nkhalango zamatchire ndi nkhalango zowuma. Zotchinga nthawi zina zimakhala pansi, koma zimakonda kusaka nyama youma. Amakhala m'modzi kapena awiriawiri.
Malo osungira malo owonekera
Chombocho chimakhala ndi malo ambiri ogawa, koma ndi mitundu yosawerengeka kulikonse. Chiwerengero cha mbalame zodya nyama sichikufika pamalire ovuta a zamoyo zomwe zili pachiwopsezo malinga ndi momwe zimakhalira ndipo ali ndi mulingo woyenera. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu kumakhalabe kolimba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe kutsika kopitilira 30% m'zaka khumi kapena mibadwo itatu. Chiwerengero cha mbalame zamtunduwu ndi chachikulu kwambiri, pazifukwa izi chotchinga cha malo ake ndi cha mitunduyo yomwe siziwopsa kwenikweni. Koma kusintha kwa malo komwe kwakhalako kwaika zotchinga mu Victoria County mchigawo chomwe chikuwopsezedwa.
Nambala za mbalame zatsika ku Australia ndi 25% ndipo ku New South Wales ndi 55%. Komabe, mkhalidwe wa mitunduyi sukubweretsa nkhawa ina iliyonse pakadali pano kuti ichitepo kanthu poteteza chotchingira mabala ndi malo ake.
