Gooppi (Latin Poecilia reticulata) ndi nsomba yam'madzi, yomwe imadziwika ngakhale kwa anthu omwe ali kutali kwambiri ndi zamadzi, osatinso okonda masewera.
Mwinanso, wamadzi aliyense kamodzi mumoyo wake adasunga ma gupeshkas angapo, ndipo ambiri adayamba ulendo wawo nawo, ndipo ngakhale tsopano ali ndi mitundu yabwino, yosankha.
Kuti tiyankhe mafunso onse okhudza iwo, mwina muyenera kulemba buku, koma tiyesa kulingalira makamaka otchuka.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) ndi imodzi mwasamba zofala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso imodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamadzi amchere am'madzi am'madzi. Ndi membala wa banja la a Poeciliidae ndipo, monga pafupifupi abale onse, ndi viviparous.
Guppies amapezeka ku Antigua ndi Barbuda, Barbados, Brazil, Guyana, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Trinidad ndi Tobago, US Islands Islands ndi Venezuela. Amasinthasintha ndipo amakula bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana azachilengedwe.
Monga lamulo, amakhala mumadzi oyera, komanso mumakonda madzi amchere amchere, koma osati madzi amchere amchere.
Amadyetsa mphutsi, mphutsi, mbozi zamagazi ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.
Adziwitsidwa kumayiko ambiri kumayiko onse kupatula Antarctica. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika mwangozi, koma nthawi zambiri ngati njira yolimbana ndi udzudzu. A Guppies amalingaliridwa kuti amadya mphutsi za udzudzu ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa malungo, koma nthawi zambiri, ana agaluwa asokoneza kwambiri nsomba za komweko.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti guppies agwiritsira ntchito pafupifupi madzi onse amadzi amchere omwe amapezeka m'malo awo achilengedwe, makamaka mumitsinje yomwe ili kufupi ndi gombe lakumwera kwa South America. Ngakhale samapezeka kumeneko, ma guppies amalekereranso madzi amchere ndipo amakhala ndi malo ena amchere. Amakonda kukhala ochulukirapo m'mitsinje yaying'ono komanso mabeseni ambiri kuposa mitsinje yayikulu, yakuya kapena yothamanga.
Dzinalo limachokera ku dzina la Robert John Lechmer Guppy, yemwe adawapeza ku Trinidad kumbuyo ku 1866 ndikuwabweretsa ku British Museum. Kuyambira pamenepo, nsomba zasintha mayina angapo, kuphatikiza Lebistes reticulatus ndipo tsopano amadziwika kuti Poecilia reticulata.
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 300 ya ana agalu. Amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, makulidwe ndi mawonekedwe amchira. Amuna m'chilengedwe ndi owala kwambiri kuposa akazi, komabe mtundu wawo uli kutali ndi mitundu yoswana ya aquarium.
Ayenera kuwateteza kwa adani, popeza nsombazo ndizochepa komanso sizitha kudziteteza.
Mibadwo iwiri kapena itatu ya ana agalu obadwa mchaka chimodzi amapezeka kuthengo. Mwachangu amakula bwino ndipo amatha kudziyimira pawokha popanda chisamaliro china cha makolo panthawi yobadwa. Akazi amabala ana koyamba ali ndi zaka 10-20 masabata ndikupitilira kubereka mpaka miyezi 20-34. Njira yoberekera imalumikizidwa ndi msinkhu. Zazikazi zachikulire zimabereka ana ocheperako msinkhu komanso kuchuluka kwakanthawi pakati pa kubadwa.
Amuna amakula pakadutsa milungu 7 kapena kucheperapo. Guppies amuna ndi akazi ochokera kumadera omwe ali ndi ziweto zambiri amakula msanga ndikuyamba kuberekana msanga kuposa amuna ochokera kumadera omwe ali ndi ziweto zochepa. Amayi ochokera kumadera omwe ali ndi ziweto zambiri amabereka pafupipafupi ndipo amabala ana ambiri pamitala, amakhala achonde kwambiri kuposa akazi okhala ndi ziweto zochepa.
Kuphatikiza pa ukalamba, kupezeka kwa chakudya komanso kuchuluka kwake kumathandizanso pakuwongolera anthu a guppy. Ana agalu amachepetsa kubereka kwawo chifukwa chakusowa kwa chakudya. Chakudya chikakhala chochuluka, amachulukitsa ana kukula.
Utali wonse wa mwana wamwamuna wamtchire kuthengo umasiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala wazaka ziwiri.
Kufotokozera
Monga tafotokozera, ana agalu amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso makulidwe, okhala ndi mchira wosiyanasiyana. Kumtchire, akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala otuwa, pomwe amuna amakhala ndi mikwingwirima, mawanga, kapena kupota kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu yambiri ya aguppies aku aquarium chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa kuti apange mitundu yatsopano yamitundu yowala komanso mitundu yambiri pamatupi ndi mchira wawo.
Nsombazi ndizopanda kugonana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kuuza amuna kuchokera kwa akazi mwa kungowayang'ana. Ngakhale akazi mwachilengedwe amakhala ndiimvi, amuna amakhala ndi zotumphuka, mawanga, kapena mikwingwirima yomwe imatha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ponena za mawonekedwe, ndizovuta kufotokoza. A Guppies amawoloka pafupipafupi komanso zochulukirapo kotero kuti ngakhale mitundu ingapo yoswana imatha kuwerengedwa, komanso yodziwika kwambiri. Amuna ndi akazi a mitundu yambiri amakonda kukhala okulira kukula kwa thupi komanso okongola kwambiri kuposa omwe adalipo kale.
Nsombazi zimabwera pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse womwe ungaganizire, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopepuka kumtunda kwa thupi, pomwe kumbuyo kwawo kumakhala kowala kwambiri.
Mitundu ina imathanso kukhala yachitsulo. Amakhala ndi iridophores, omwe ndi maselo opanda mtundu omwe amawonetsa kuwala, komwe kumapanga chitsulo.
Nsomba yaying'ono, yamphongo, ndiyocheperako kuposa yazimayi, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 5. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala a 1.5-3.5 cm kutalika, ndipo akazi amakhala 3-6 cm.
Guppies amakhala zaka 2-3, popeza kuchepa kwawo ndi madzi ofunda kumathandizira kagayidwe ndikufupikitsa moyo wawo.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Nsomba zazikulu kwa oyamba kumene komanso zabwino.
Zing'onozing'ono, zokangalika, zokongola, zosavuta kubereka, zosasamalira ndikusamalira, zikuwoneka kuti mndandandawo ukupitilira kwamuyaya.
Komabe, tidzachenjeza akatswiri am'madzi am'madzi kuti asagule mitundu yowala bwino. Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kuti mawonekedwewo ndi osankhidwa? Ngati nsomba zonse zam'madzi a aquarium ndizofanana, amuna amakhala ndi zipsepse zazitali komanso zofananira, ndiye kuti ndi mitundu yovuta.
Ngati amuna onse ndi osiyana, monga akazi, pamakhala chisokonezo chamitundu ndi mitundu, ndiye kuti izi ndi nsomba zomwe wamadzi wamba amafunikira.
Chowonadi ndichakuti chifukwa chakuwoloka, amakhala okongola kwambiri, komanso amakhazikika, kutaya mwayi wawo.
Mitundu yosakanizidwa imakhala ndi chitetezo chofooka ndipo ikufuna kwambiri kuyisamalira. Chifukwa chake ngati mungoganiza zodziyesera nokha ku aquarium aquarium, gulani gupesh yosavuta, koma yokongola.
Adzakusangalatsani ndi mitundu yoswana, koma adzakhala ndi moyo wautali ndipo padzakhala zovuta zochepa.
Ndipo pazabwino padzakhala mafomu osankhidwa - amafunika kusankhidwa mosamala, kuweta mosamala mosamalitsa.
Kudyetsa
Guppies wamtchire amadyetsa zinyalala za algae, diatoms, mafupa opanda mafupa, tizidutswa tazomera, timagulu ta mchere, mphutsi zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi zakudya zina. Zotsalira za algae zimapanga gawo lalikulu lazakudya za ana agalu amtchire nthawi zambiri, koma zakudya zimasiyanasiyana kutengera momwe zinthu zilili. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wazinyama zakutchire ku Trinidadian adapeza kuti ana agalu amadya nyama zopanda mafupa, pomwe ana agalu ochokera kumunsi (kutsika kwa Mtsinje wa Tacarigua) amadya makamaka ma diatom ndi ma tinthu ta mchere.
Guppies ndi omnivorous, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amadya zakudya zamasamba ndi zinyama. Amadya zakudya zosiyana - zopangira, zozizira, zamoyo, ngakhale zowuma.
Amasangalala kudya ma flakes, pellets ndi zakudya zina zopangira mosangalala, koma ndi bwino kusankha ma brand odziwika, mwachitsanzo Tetra. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha zomanga thupi zambiri osati zodzaza. Kuti mutsimikizire izi, yang'anani dongosolo la zosakaniza (zosakaniza zalembedwa ndi peresenti). Zakudya zabwino kwambiri zimakhala ndi mapuloteni omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa (mwachitsanzo nsomba zodyetsa, nkhanu ndi nyama). Pewani mbewu monga chimanga, monga tirigu ndi soya, zomwe ndizoyambilira.
Kuphatikiza pa phala, mutha kudyetsa nsomba zanu ndi chakudya chamoyo kapena chachisanu. Mwa amoyo, abwino kwambiri amadya nyongolotsi zamagazi, tubifex, brine shrimp, corotra.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti guppy ali ndi kamwa yaying'ono ndi m'mimba, chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chaching'ono, ndipo ndibwino kuti muzidyetsa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, magawo omwe nsomba zingadye mphindi 2-3.
Komanso, nsomba zimakonda chakudya chokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zazomera, kotero kuti m'mimba mwawo m'mimba mumakhalabe wathanzi, ndipo chitetezo chawo chimakhala chokwanira, mugule kuphatikiza ndi ma flakes wamba, komanso mankhwala azitsamba ndikuwadyetsa kawiri pa sabata.
Muyenera kudyetsa nsomba zanu kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku, komanso chakudya chambiri chomwe angadye m'mphindi ziwiri. Mutha kuwadyetsa phala m'mawa ndi chakudya chakuzizira madzulo.
Osadyetsa nsomba za mtundu umodzi wokha za chakudya, chifukwa izi zidzapangitsa kuperewera kwa michere. Muyenera kusinthana pakati pa ma flakes, moyo, mazira, zakudya zamasamba.
Kudyetsa nsomba zanu mopitirira muyeso kumatha kubweretsa mavuto azaumoyo ndikukhudza mtundu wamadzi mumtsinje wanu wamadzi. Potsatira lamuloli, payenera kukhala zotsalira za chakudya mu aquarium, koma ngati zilipo, mutha kuzichotsa kuti zisakhazikike pansi ndikuyamba kuvunda.
Ngati muli ndi mwachangu mu aquarium yanu, muyenera kuganizira momwe mungawadyetsere.
Adzafunika kudyetsedwa pang'ono, koma pafupipafupi. Mutha kuwapatsa chakudya chofanana ndi achikulire, koma chowotcha, kapena mutha kugula chakudya chapadera mwachangu. Dyetsani pafupifupi kanayi kapena kasanu patsiku.
Payokha, ndikufuna kunena za chakudya chouma - izi si chakudya chamoto, koma daphnia wouma, womwe nthawi zambiri umagulitsidwa m'misika ya nkhuku. Ndikulangiza mwamphamvu kuti musadyetse nsomba ndi chakudya chotere, ngakhale gupeshek. Ndi mavitamini, mavitamini, komanso ndi chipolopolo chouma. Imapsa m'mimba nsomba ndipo imafa.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Malo awo okhala achilengedwe amakhala m'madzi ofunda, oyera ku South America, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutengera zinthu izi mumtambo wanu wa aquarium kuti muwapatse malo achilengedwe.
Guppies amakonda madzi otentha 25 mpaka 27 ° C komanso mchere wofanana ndi supuni imodzi pa malita 20. Koma simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchere konse (sindimagwiritsa ntchito). Monga nsomba zonse zam'malo otentha, ma guppies amakonda madzi ofunda (22-25 ° C), koma amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana 19.0 - 29.0 ° C.
Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chowotcha kuti madzi azizizira nthawi yachisanu. Nthawi zonse ikani chotenthetsera kumapeto kwa thankiyo ndi thermometer kumapeto ena kuti muwone ngati madzi akutentha mofanana.
Ponena za magawo amadzi, izi sizothandiza pamafomu wamba. Amasintha mwachangu mikhalidwe yakomweko kwakuti kusamukira ku aquarium yatsopano kumatha kuloledwa popanda zovuta.
Zikhala zabwino ngati aquarium ili ndi: pH 7.0 - 8.5, ndi kuuma 12.0 - 18.0, koma magawowo akhoza kukhala osiyana kotheratu, omwe sangasokoneze moyo ndi kubereka. Ngakhale amatha kupirira magawo osiyanasiyana amadzi ndi pH kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 8.5, pH yawo yabwino kwambiri ili pakati pa 7.0 ndi 7.2.
Aquarium ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono, ndipo malita 20 ndi okwanira nsomba zisanu. Koma, ndikukula kwa voliyumu, mumatha kusunga nsomba komanso kukongola kwake.
Ndikofunika kukhala ndi zomera zambiri mumtsinje wa aquarium, chifukwa izi zidzafanana ndi malo achilengedwe ndipo ziziwonjezera kwambiri kupulumuka kwa mwachangu m'madzi ambiri. Kuunikira kumatha kukhala chilichonse kuyambira kowala mpaka madzulo.
Monga nsomba zambiri, mufunikiranso fyuluta - mtundu womwe mungasankhe umadalira kukula kwa thanki lanu komanso zomwe mumakonda. Fyuluta yamkati imagwira ntchito kwambiri m'madzi ambiri. Ngati mukusunga nsomba zanu mu thanki yayikulu (yopitilira malita 100), mungafune kuganizira zosefera yakunja. Ndi bwino kutseka mabowo ndi mauna owonjezera, chifukwa fyuluta yamphamvu imangoyamwa mwachangu, komanso nsomba yayikulu.
A Guppies sangatchedwe kuti nsomba pasukulu, koma ndizomveka kuti awasunge awiriawiri. Ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake ndipo pang'ono pang'ono imakhala pafupifupi yosawoneka mu aquarium.
Pali lamulo losavuta pazomwe zilipo - zochulukirapo mu aquarium, zimawoneka zokongola komanso zokongola.
Mtundu wa gawo lapansi lomwe mungasankhe limadalira zomwe mumakonda. Ana agalu amathera nthawi yawo yambiri ali pakati kapena pamwamba pa thankiyo.
Osatengera kusungira, onetsetsani kuti mukutsuka thanki yanu sabata iliyonse ndikusintha pang'ono madzi pafupifupi 25%.
Ngakhale
Nsomba yamtendere kwambiri yomwe siyimabweretsa mavuto kwa oyandikana nawo. Koma amatha kukhumudwitsidwa, makamaka ndi nsomba zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimadya ngati gupeshek.
Chifukwa chake sikoyenera kusunga ndi nsomba monga mecherot, giant gourami, pangasius kapena shark ball.
Komanso, simungathe kukhala ndi nsomba zomwe zingadule zipsepse za amuna - Sumatran barbus, Denisoni barbus, firebbb, ena gourami, monga kupsompsona, minga.
Zimayanjana bwino ndi nsomba zamtendere komanso zazing'ono: - rasbora, makadinala, ma kongo, ma neon, zitsamba zamatcheri, nsomba zamangamanga, ma tarakatum.
Anthu ambiri omwe amasunga nsombazi amachita izi chifukwa amakonda mitundu yowala yamphongo. Ngati mungowasungira mawonekedwe awo, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzisunga amuna okha.
Ngati mukufuna kuwasunga ndi nkhanu, ndiye kuti ma guppieswo sangapweteke mtundu uliwonse wa nkhanu, ngakhale yamatcheri. Komabe, mitundu ina ikuluikulu ya nkhanu zimatha kusaka nsomba. Osanena za nsomba zazinkhanira, zomwe ana agalu amangokhala chakudya.
Matenda a Guppy
Guppies ndi nsomba zolimba kwambiri, komabe michira yawo yayitali imatha kuwapangitsa kuti azitha kutenga matenda a fungus.
Semolina ndi wamba pakati pa nsombazi. Ichi ndi matenda omwe timadontho tating'onoting'ono tomwe timamera pakhungu la nsombazo, ndipo mudzawona kuti amapaka thupi lawo pazinthu zina. Thupi lonse la nsombayo limakhala ngati lathiridwa ndi semolina.
Kuti muchotse semolina, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'sitolo yogulitsa ziweto. Palibe chodziwikiratu, chifukwa ma semolina amasiyana komanso amathandizidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Amakhalanso ndi zipsepse zowola; mchira udzawoneka ngati wang'ambika. Apanso, izi zitha kuchiritsidwa ndikuziteteza posankha okwatirana abwino omwe sangatsine michira yawo.
Kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa matenda kulowa mu aquarium yanu:
- Pitirizani kutentha.
- Sinthani madzi ndikukhala ndi fyuluta pafupipafupi.
- Nthawi zonse muzimutsuka musanawonjezere mu tank yanu.
- Mavuto a nsomba zanu asachepe.
- Dyetsani zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
- Musawapitirire.
Kusiyana kogonana
A Guppies amawonetsa mawonekedwe azakugonana. Kusiyanitsa mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndizosavuta. Amuna ndi ocheperako, ochepa, amakhala ndi mphalapala yayikulu, ndipo chimbudzi chasandulika gonopodium (pafupifupi, ndi chubu chomwe amuna a viviparous nsomba amapangira mkazi).
Zazimayi ndizokulirapo, zimakhala ndi mimba yayikulu komanso yoonekera, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotuwa.
Ngakhale achinyamata amatha kusiyanitsidwa molawirira, nthawi zambiri omwe mwachangu omwe amakhala oyamba kukhala achikuda amakhala amuna.
Kubereka
Guppies ali ndi njira yolumikizirana yotchedwa polyandry, pomwe akazi amaphatikana ndi amuna angapo. Kukhathamira kambiri ndi kopindulitsa kwa amuna chifukwa kupambana kwakubala kwamwamuna kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe amakumana.
Ana agalu ndizinthu zamoyo zochuluka kwambiri. Nthawi yokomera yaikazi nthawi zambiri imakhala masiku 21-30, imasiyana mosiyanasiyana kutengera momwe amasungidwira.Ma guppies achimuna, monga ena am'banja la Poeciliidae, amakhala ndi chotupa chotchedwa tubular anal fin, chotchedwa gonopodium, chomwe chili kuseli kwenikweni kwa chiuno. Gonopodia ili ndi njira yofanana ndi njira yomwe umuna wa umuna umapatsira akazi.
Pambuyo pa umuna, ma guppies azimayi amatha kusunga umuna m'mimba mwake, womwe umatha kupitilizabe kupanga mazira kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Chifukwa cha njira yosungira umuna, abambo amatha kubereka pambuyo poti wamwalira, ndiye kuti, amayi amatha kubereka mwana wamwamuna patapita nthawi yayitali atamwalira, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri pakubala kwa ana agalu agalu.
Imodzi mwa nsomba zosavuta kuswana ndi ma guppies wamba, ndizosavuta kuweta m'madzi am'madzi.
Chowonadi ndichakuti ali viviparous, ndiye kuti wamkazi amabala mazira m'mimba mwake, ndipo mwachangu kwathunthu wabadwa kale.
Kwa maola oyamba agona ndikubisala, koma posachedwa ayamba kusambira ndikudya.
Kuti muzale nsombazi muyenera ... wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Ngakhale zili choncho, wamwamuna wachichepere komanso wachangu wokwanira kukwana akazi 3-5 mosatopa.
Ndiye kuti, kuti paswane bwino, ndizotheka kusunga yamwamuna m'modzi mwa akazi 3-5. Amuna ambiri ndi otheka, popeza amuna samamenyana, koma amangopikisana. Mudzawona momwe abambo amathamangitsira akazi mosatopa, koma izi ndi zachilendo ndipo simuyenera kuchita kalikonse.
Chowonadi ndichakuti nthawi ya chizunzo chotere, amamupatsa feteleza wamkazi ndipo posachedwa mudzakhala ndi mwachangu.
Zimatenga bwanji kuti banja liswane? Madzi oyera ndi oyera, chakudya chabwino komanso chochuluka komanso nsomba zingapo zogonana.
Monga lamulo, ma guppies amaberekana bwino mumtambo wa aquarium osakhala ndi mwiniwake. Koma, nawonso amadya mwachangu, ndipo oyandikana nawo, ngati angatero, athandiza. Chifukwa chake, azimayi apakati amakhala bwino ku aquarium yosiyana.
Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kuti muli ndi pakati? Mwa mkazi wapakati, malo omwe ali pafupi ndi anus amayamba kuda, maso a mwachangu akukula kale, ndipo ndikumdima kwambiri, amabala msanga.
Ikani amayi mu aquarium yosiyana, ndi madzi omwewo ndi zitsamba zamitengo, pomwe mwachangu amabisala kwa iye (inde, amatha kudya ana ake). Nthawi yomaliza ikafika (mwina mpaka mwezi ngati mudali wofulumira kudzamubzala), adzabereka popanda vuto lililonse.
Akangobereka, mkazi amayenera kuzunguliridwa. Kusamalira mwachangu ndikosavuta, komanso kwa makolo.
Momwe mungadyetse mwachangu? Mutha kuwadyetsa ndi ma flakes omwe adulidwa bwino (omwe mumadyetsa makolo anu), koma ndibwino kuyanika dzira kapena chakudya chamoto mwachangu. Dziwani kuti pali zotsalira zakale monga chakudya chouma.
Ndi youma Daphnia ndi Cyclops ndipo amathabe kupezeka pamalonda. Chifukwa chake, kudyetsa mwachangu zinyalala izi sikuvomerezeka. Mtengo wazakudya pamenepo ndiwokwera pang'ono kuposa ziro, ndiye kuti ndi mphongo wa nkhosa yamphongo. Kodi ungakule kwambiri ukadya nkhosa imodzi yamphongo? Zomwezo zitha kunenedwa ndi nsomba zazikulu.
Ndikofunika kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kuti zotsalira za chakudya zisawononge madzi. Muthanso kukhazikitsa nkhono m'nyanjayi, monga ampullarium kapena koyilo. Samakhudza mwachangu, ndipo zotsalira za chakudya zimadya.
Momwe mwachangu amabadwira:
Ndikofunikira kuti madziwo akhale oyera, koma sungasinthe kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa mwachangu akadali ofooka komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwamadzi kumakhala kowopsa kwa iwo. Njira yosavuta ndikusintha pafupifupi 10% yamadzi tsiku lililonse kapena masiku awiri, kapena 25% kamodzi pamlungu.
Kutentha kwamadzi mwachangu ndikofunikira kwambiri, ndipo muyenera kuyisunga pamlingo wa 24-26.5 C.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso kudyetsa, mwachangu amakula mwachangu ndipo pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka ayamba kudetsa.
Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi okhudza ana agalu
Kodi mungasunge nsomba zamtundu wanji?
Mitundu ina yalembedwa kale pamwambapa, koma mutha kuwona nkhaniyi - nsomba 10 zabwino kwambiri kwa oyamba kumene, zonse zomwe zili pamndandandawu ndizabwino.
Kodi mumadziwa bwanji kuti guppy ali ndi pakati kapena ali pafupi kubereka?
Nthawi zambiri mkazi amabala mwachangu kamodzi pamwezi, koma nthawiyo imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kutentha kwamadzi komanso momwe amasungidwira. Tawonani nthawi kuyambira nthawi yomaliza yomwe adabereka ndikuwona. Mkazi wokonzekera kubadwa mwatsopano, malowo amakhala akuda, maso a mwachangu amawoneka.
Kodi guppy amapuma bwanji?
Monga nsomba zonse - mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, musaiwale kuyatsa aeration ndi kusefera.
Kodi guppies amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri, koma zimatengera momwe zinthu zilili komanso kutentha. Kutalika kwamadzi kutentha, kumachepetsa moyo wawo. Nsomba zina zimakhala zaka zisanu.
Nthawi zambiri kudyetsa ana agalu?
Tsiku lililonse, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono kawiri kapena katatu patsiku. Mwachitsanzo, m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Kamodzi pamlungu, mutha kukonza tsiku lanjala, koma kumbukirani kuti nsombazo zizifunafuna chakudya ndipo mwachangu ndiwo omwe adzakhale oyamba kudwala.
Chifukwa chiyani ma guppies adang'ambika michira?
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri, koma chofala kwambiri ndimadzi akale, omwe samasinthidwa kawirikawiri. Amasonkhanitsa ammonia ndi nitrate, ndipo amapha nsomba ndikuwononga zipsepse. Sinthani madzi nthawi zonse kuti akhale madzi abwino.
Pakhoza kukhalanso kusintha kwamadzi mwadzidzidzi, kuvulala, kapena kusadya bwino mavitamini akatsika.
Ngati nsomba yataya mchira, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro chowopsa - mwina wina amadula, ndipo muyenera kuphunzira mosamala nsomba yomwe amasungidwa nayo, kapena adadwala matenda opatsirana, ndipo muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa nsomba zotsalazo.
Chifukwa chiyani guppy ali ndi mchira womata?
Apanso - kaya madzi akale ndi onyansa, kapena matenda, kapena kusadya bwino. Yesetsani kusintha 20% yamadzi kamodzi pa sabata ndikuwunika thanzi la nsomba zina.
Chifukwa chiyani guppy amakhala ndi msana wopindika?
Nsomba zoterezi zimapezeka pafupifupi mitundu yonse, monga lamulo, ichi ndi chilema kuyambira pakubadwa. Izi zikachitika mu nsomba yayikulu, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuti imasungidwa mumchere wocheperako, wokhala ndi nsomba zambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, msana umapindiranso ukalamba, ndipo izi si zachilendo, koma chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha nsomba kapena mycobacteriosis.
Matendawa ndi ovuta, ndipo chithandizo chake sichophweka, sichimabweretsa zotsatira nthawi zonse. Ndi bwino kudzipatula kuti musafalitse matendawa.
Chifukwa chiyani ma guppies amangobereka azimayi?
Yankho lenileni la funsoli silinapezeke. Zikuwoneka kuti, pakakhala amuna ochulukirapo, malamulo achilengedwe amatsegulidwa ndipo anthu amalipira akazi kuti azitha kudzisunga.
Kodi mungangosunga guppy imodzi m'madzi?
Ndizotheka, ngakhale zikuwoneka zachisoni mwanjira ina ...
Komabe, iyi ndi nsomba yosangalala komanso yosangalatsa yomwe imakonda kucheza ndi anthu. Ngati mukuyang'ana nsomba yomwe ingakhale yokongola, yopanda ulemu ndipo imatha kukhala yokha modabwitsa, yang'anani komwe kuli tambala.
Kodi ma guppies amafunikira mpweya komanso zosefera?
Zosankha, koma zofunika. Mutha kugula zosefera zotsika mtengo, zamkati ndi nsalu yosamba. Idzagwira ntchito yake mokwanira ndipo siyiyamwa nsomba.
Chonde dziwani kuti ngati mudagula fyuluta, ndipo imayikidwa pamwamba (kotero kuti madzi omwe ali mu aquarium akuyenda), ndiye kuti simukuyenera kugula aeration yowonjezera kapena, oxygen.
Kodi guppies amafuna nthaka ndi zomera?
Ndi kusankha kwanu. Madzi opanda kanthu a aquarium ndi osavuta kutsuka, koma amawoneka oyipitsitsa, mwachangu samapulumukamo, ndipo gupesh iwonso amakonda kusilira pakati pazomera. Ndimakondera nyanja yamchere yokhala ndi dothi ndi zomera.
Kodi guppy imafuna kuwala?
Ayi, nsomba sizifunikira kuwala konse, kupatula kugwa pamadzi masana. Zomera zimafuna kuwala kuti zikule.
Ana agalu amabala?
Ayi, ndizachidziwikire. Ndiye kuti, mwachangu amabadwa okonzeka kwathunthu pamoyo ndipo amatha kusambira nthawi yomweyo.
Nthawi zina imagwera m dzira, koma limaswa ndipo limayandama. Nthawi zina amakhala ndi yolk sac, yomwe amayamba kugaya mofulumira.
Kodi ana agalu amagona?
Inde, koma osati monga anthu. Izi ndizopumula kwambiri, usiku nsomba zimachepetsa zochitika, komabe zimasambira.
Ndipo ndibwino kuzimitsa magetsi usiku, ngakhale ena samatero, koma kodi mumdima mwachilengedwe usiku?
Kodi guppy amabala angati mwachangu?
Zimatengera chachikazi, msinkhu wake ndi kukula kwake. Nthawi zambiri zidutswa pafupifupi 30-50, koma nthawi zina 100.
Kodi guppy mwachangu amakula nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Kuthamanga kwambiri m'malo abwino. Amuna amakula msinkhu pakatha miyezi iwiri, ndipo akazi amakhala atakwanitsa miyezi itatu.
Kodi ana agalu angasungidwe m'madzi am'nyanja?
Ayi, amalekerera madzi amchere pang'ono, koma amafera munyanja, iyi ndi nsomba yamadzi oyera.
Chifukwa chiyani ma guppies amasambira kumtunda?
Amapuma mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, ndipo aquarium yanu ilibe. Chifukwa cha chiyani? Mwinanso kotentha kwambiri, mwina simunatsukepo aquarium kapena kusintha madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, mwina mwadzaza kwambiri.
Onetsetsani kuti mwatsegula aeration kapena kusefera (ikani fyuluta pafupi ndi madzi kuti mulimbikitse kusinthana kwa gasi) ndikusintha madzi ena ndi madzi abwino.
Chifukwa chiyani ma guppies amalumpha kuchokera ku aquarium?
Amatha kuchita izi mwangozi komanso chifukwa cha madzi oyipa - mwachitsanzo, ngati sanasinthe kwanthawi yayitali ndipo dothi silinaphulitsidwe mu aquarium.
Komanso, chifukwa chake chimatha kukhala ndi mpweya wocheperako m'madzi, werengani za pamwambapa.
Chifukwa chiyani mchira wa guppy ndi womata kapena wolumikizana?
Tsoka ilo, chifukwa chenicheni sichingatchulidwe, ngakhale aquarium ili pafupi nanu. Izi zitha kukhala zosayenera kudya (zosasangalatsa, zakudya zouma zokha kapena zochuluka), pakhoza kukhala magawo osayenerera amadzi (ammonia ambiri), kapena mwina matenda.
Zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ndikusintha madzi ena, kupopera nthaka ndikusintha mtundu wa chakudya.
Kodi ndi nsomba zamtundu wanji zomwe mungasunge ndi ana agalu?
Zing'onozing'ono zilizonse. Katemera wochuluka kapena wocheperako, pafupifupi osadya ena. Chokhacho ndi tarakatum, ndizotheka kuyisunga ndi nsomba zazing'ono.
Makonde aliwonse, mwachitsanzo, amangamanga, amatha kukhala bwino ndi viviparous ndipo adzakhala othandiza kwambiri, kudya zotsalira za chakudya kuchokera pansi.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji guppy mwachangu?
Odzichepetsa kwambiri mwachangu, amapulumuka kuthengo. Koma, ngati mumasintha madzi pafupipafupi, apatseni chakudya chokwanira kuti adye m'mphindi zochepa ndikudyetsa mwachangu kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, ndiye kuti amakula msanga, amakongoletsa ndikusangalatsani.
Momwe mungadyetse guppy mwachangu?
Palibe vuto pakudyetsa, amadya nthenda zosweka, koma ndibwino kupatsa brine shrimp nauplii kapena kudula tubifex.
