Cichlasoma salvini (lat. Cichlasoma salvini), akagula muunyamata, ndi nsomba imvi yomwe imakopa chidwi kwambiri. Koma zonse zimasintha akakula, iyi ndi nsomba yokongola komanso yowala, yomwe imawonekera mu aquarium ndipo kuyang'ana kumayima.
Salvini ndi nsomba yapakatikati, imatha kukula mpaka 22 cm, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yaying'ono. Monga ma cichlids onse, imatha kukhala yankhanza, chifukwa ndi gawo.
Uyu ndi chilombo ndipo amadya nsomba zazing'ono, choncho amafunika kuzisunga padera kapena ndi ziweto zina.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Cichlazoma salvini adafotokozedwa koyamba ndi a Gunther mu 1862. Amakhala ku Central America, kumwera kwa Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala. Anabweretsedwanso ku Texas, Florida.
Salvini cichlazomas amakhala m'mitsinje yokhala ndi mafunde apakatikati komanso amphamvu, amadya tizilombo, mafupa osagwirizana ndi nsomba ndi nsomba.
Mosiyana ndi ma cichlid ena, salvini amakhala nthawi yayitali akusaka m'malo otseguka amitsinje ndi mitsinje, osati m'mphepete mwa nyanja pakati pamiyala ndi nkhono, monga mitundu ina.
Kufotokozera
Thupi limatambasula, mawonekedwe owulungika ndi mphuno yakuthwa. Mwachilengedwe, salvini amakula mpaka 22 cm, yomwe ndi yayikulupo pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa cichlids waku Central America.
M'nyanja yamchere, ndi ocheperako, pafupifupi masentimita 15 mpaka 18. Atasamalidwa bwino, amatha kukhala zaka 10-13.
Mu nsomba zazing'ono komanso zosakhwima, thupi limakhala lachikasu, koma pakapita nthawi limasanduka mtundu wokongola. Wamkulu salvini cichlazoma wachikasu, koma mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera pachikaso.
Mzere umodzi wopitilira umadutsa mzere wapakati wa thupi, ndipo wachiwiri umasunthika kukhala mawanga osiyana ndikudutsa woyamba. Mimba ndi yofiira.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Tsichlazoma salvini itha kulimbikitsidwa kwa akatswiri apamwamba am'madzi chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwa oyamba kumene.
Ndi nsomba zodzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala m'madzi ang'onoang'ono, koma nthawi yomweyo amakhala akuukira nsomba zina. Amafunikanso kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi komanso chisamaliro choyenera.
Kudyetsa
Ngakhale kuti cichlazoma salvini imawerengedwa kuti ndi nsomba zam'mimba, mwachilengedwe ndizochulukirabe zomwe zimadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono ndi zopanda mafupa. Mu aquarium, amadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, ayisikilimu kapena zakudya zopangira.
Maziko a chakudya atha kukhala chakudya chapadera cha cichlids, komanso kuwonjezera pamenepo muyenera kupereka chakudya chamoyo - brine shrimp, tubifex, komanso tizirombo tating'ono ta magazi.
Amasangalalanso kudya masamba odulidwa monga nkhaka kapena sipinachi.
Kudyetsa achinyamata:
Kusunga mu aquarium
Pamafunika nsomba ziwiri, mumafunika nsomba yamchere yokhala ndi malita 200 kapena kupitilira apo, mwachilengedwe, ikakulirakulira, nsomba zanu zidzakula Ngati mukufuna kuwasunga ndi ma cichlids ena, ndiye kuti voliyumu iyenera kukhala kuchokera ku malita 400.
Ngakhale kuti nsombayo siyokulirapo (pafupifupi masentimita 15), ndiyam'madera ambiri ndipo ndewu zimatha kuchitika ndi ma cichlids ena.
Kuti musunge salvini, muyenera aquarium yomwe ili ndi pogona komanso malo okwanira osambira. Miphika, nkhuni, miyala, kapena mapanga ndi malo abwino obisalapo.
Salvini cichlazomas sizimawononga zomera ndipo sizimawononga, koma zimawoneka bwino kwambiri pobiriwira. Chifukwa chake aquarium imatha kupangidwiratu ndi nkhalango zowirira komanso malo okhala m'mbali mwa makoma ndi ngodya, ndi malo otseguka pakati.
Ponena za magawo amadzi, ayenera kukhala oyera komanso otsika mu nitrate ndi ammonia. Izi zikutanthauza kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse (mpaka 20%) ndipo ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja.
Amakondanso kuyenda, ndipo kuzipanga ndi fyuluta yakunja si vuto. Nthawi yomweyo, magawo amadzi: kutentha 23-26C, ph: 6.5-8.0, 8 - 15 dGH.
Ngakhale
Zachidziwikire sioyenera kukhala ndi aquarium yam'madzi yokhala ndi nsomba zazing'ono ngati ma neon kapena ma guppies. Awa ndiwo nyama zolusa zomwe zimawona nsomba zing'onozing'ono ngati chakudya chokha.
Amatetezeranso gawo lawo, ndipo amatha kuyendetsa nsomba zina mmenemo. Zomwe zimasungidwa bwino ndi nkhanira monga tarakatum kapena sackgill. Koma, ndizotheka ndi ma cichlids ena - amizere yakuda, Managuan, ofatsa.
Kumbukirani kuti zikuluzikulu za cichlids, m'pamenenso aquarium iyenera kukhala yochulukirapo, makamaka ngati imodzi mwazo ziyamba kubala.
Zachidziwikire, ndibwino kuti muzisunga padera, koma ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti chakudya chochuluka komanso malo ogona ambiri amathandiza kuchepetsa kupsa mtima.
Kusiyana kogonana
Wamwamuna wa salvini cichlazoma amasiyana ndi wamkazi kukula kwake, ndi wokulirapo. Ili ndi zipsepse zazitali komanso zokulirapo.
Mkaziyo ndi wocheperako, ndipo koposa zonse, ali ndi malo amdima owoneka pansi pa operculum, yomwe yamphongo ilibe.
Mkazi (malo omwe ali pamitsempha amawoneka bwino)
Kuswana
Cichlaz salvini, wofanana ndi ma cichlids ambiri, amakhala ndi gulu lolimba lomwe limabereka mobwerezabwereza. Amakhwima pakatikati pa thupi pafupifupi masentimita 12-15, ndipo nthawi zambiri amaberekanso mu thanki lomwelo momwe amasungidwamo.
Mkazi amaikira mazira pamtunda - mwala, galasi, tsamba la chomera. Makolowo amasamala kwambiri, yaikazi imasamalira mazirawo, ndipo yamphongo imamuteteza.
Malek amasambira kwa masiku pafupifupi 5, nthawi yonse yomwe amasunga makolo ake, omwe amakhala achiwawa kwambiri. Ndi bwino kubzala nsomba zina panthawiyi.
Mwachangu amatha kudyetsedwa ndi brine shrimp nauplia ndi zakudya zina.
