Gulugufe wa ku Bolivia (Latin Mikrogeophagus altispinosus, yemwe kale anali Paplilochromis altispinosus) ndi kichlid yaying'ono, yokongola komanso yamtendere. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwanso Bolivian apistogram (yomwe ili yolakwika) kapena cichlid wamtali, chifukwa chazing'ono zake (mpaka 9 cm m'litali).
Kusunga gulugufe wa ku Bolivia ndikosavuta ndipo kumagwirira ntchito bwino malo okhala m'madzi. Amakhala wankhanza pang'ono kuposa wachibale wake, Ramirezi apistogram, koma malinga ndi miyezo ya cichlids samakhala wankhanza konse. Amaopseza koposa kuwukira.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndiwanzeru zokwanira kuzindikira mwini wake ndikupempha chakudya mukamafika ku aquarium.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Microgeophagus ya ku Bolivia idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Haseman mu 1911. Pakadali pano amatchedwa Mikrogeophagus altispinosus, ngakhale kale unkatchedwa Paplilochromis altispinosus (1977) ndi Crenicara altispinosa (1911).
Gulugufe wa ku Bolivia amapezeka ku South America: Bolivia ndi Brazil. Nsomba zoyambirira zomwe zafotokozedwazo zidagwidwa m'madzi osayenda a Bolivia, chifukwa chake dzinali.
Amapezeka ku Rio Mamore, pafupi ndi komwe mtsinje umapezeka ku Rio Guapor, pakamwa pa Mtsinje wa Igarape komanso m'madzi osefukira a Todos Santos. Amakonda kukhala m'malo opanda mphamvu, pomwe pali zomera, nthambi ndi zipilala zambiri, pomwe gulugufe amakhala.
Amakhala makamaka pakati ndi pansi, pomwe amakumba pansi posaka tizilombo. Komabe, imatha kudya pakati komanso nthawi zina kuchokera pamwamba.
Kufotokozera
Gulugufe wa Chromis ndi nsomba yaying'ono yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono toboola pakati ndi zipsepse zosongoka. Mwa amuna, zipsepse ndizotalikirapo komanso zowongoka kuposa zazimayi.
Kuphatikiza apo, amuna amakhala okulirapo, amakula mpaka masentimita 9, pomwe akazi amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 6. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo m'nyanja yamchere ndi pafupifupi zaka 4.
Zovuta pakukhutira
Yoyenera kukhala mu aquarium yogawana, makamaka ngati mulibe chidziwitso chosunga ma cichlids. Ndiwodzichepetsa kwenikweni, ndipo chisamaliro chachizolowezi cha aquarium chimakwanira iwo.
Amadyanso zakudya zamtundu uliwonse ndipo, koposa zonse, poyerekeza ndi ma cichlids ena, ndiwotheka kwambiri ndipo samawononga mbewu.
Kudyetsa
Nsomba ya gulugufe ya ku Bolivia ndiyopatsa chidwi, mwachilengedwe imadya ma detritus, mbewu, tizilombo, mazira ndi mwachangu. Madzi a m'madzi amatha kudya zakudya zopangira komanso zamoyo.
Artemia, tubifex, koretra, bloodworm - gulugufe amadya chilichonse. Ndi bwino kudyetsa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku, pang'ono pokha.
Ma apistogramu sianthu adyera komanso odya pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotsalira za chakudya zimatha kutha pansi ngati zadzadza.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Voliyumu yocheperako imachokera ku malita 80. Kokani madzi osayenda pang'ono komanso kusefera bwino.
Ndibwino kuti asunge agulugufe aku Bolivia m'madzi otentha ndi pH 6.0-7.4, kuuma 6-14 dGH ndi kutentha 23-26C.
Zomwe zili ndi ammonia m'madzi komanso mpweya wabwino zimatsimikizira kuti apeza utoto wokwanira.
Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga ngati dothi, momwe ma microgeophagus amakonda kukumba.
Ndikofunika kupereka malo ambiri okwanira, chifukwa nsomba zimakhala zamantha. Zitha kukhala ngati kokonati, miphika, mapaipi, ndi nkhuni zosiyanasiyana.
Amakondanso kuwala kocheperako, komwe kungaperekedwe mwa kulola zomera zoyandama pamwamba pamadzi.
Kugwirizana kwa Aquarium
Yoyenera kusungidwa mumchere wa aquarium, onse okhala ndi ma cichlids ena okhala ndi nsomba zambiri komanso zamtendere.
Amakhala okwiya pang'ono kuposa ma ramirezi apistograms, komabe amakhala mwamtendere. Koma musaiwale kuti iyi ndi kichlid yaying'ono, ngakhale.
Adzasaka mwachangu, nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri ndi nkhanu, chifukwa chibadwa chake chimakhala champhamvu kuposa iye. Ndi bwino kusankha nsomba zofananira, ma gourami osiyanasiyana, viviparous, barbs.
Ndi bwino kukhala pabanja kapena muli nokha, ngati muli amuna awiri mu aquarium, ndiye muyenera kukhala ndi pogona ndi malo ambiri. Kupanda kutero, adzakonza zinthu.
Njira yolumikizira ndi yovuta kwambiri komanso yosadziwika. Monga lamulo, nsomba zingapo zazing'ono zimagulidwa koyamba, zomwe pamapeto pake zimadzipanga zokha. Nsomba zotsalazo zimatayidwa.
Kusiyana kogonana
Mutha kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi mu gulugufe waku Bolivia mukatha msinkhu. Amuna ndi okongola kuposa akazi, ali ndi zipsepse zowongoka kwambiri, kuwonjezera apo, ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuposa zachikazi.
Mosiyana ndi ramirezi, altispinoza yachikazi ilibe malo ofiira pamimba.
Kuswana
Mwachilengedwe, gulugufe wa chromis amapanga gulu lolimba, lomwe limayikira mazira 200. Zimakhala zovuta kupeza peyala m'nyanja yamadzi, nthawi zambiri nsomba khumi zazing'ono zimagulidwa, zimawukitsidwa limodzi.
Mabanja amasankhana okha, ndipo nsomba zotsalazo zimagulitsidwa kapena kugawidwa kwa akatswiri amadzi.
Agulugufe a ku Bolivia nthawi zambiri amabzala m'madzi wamba, koma kuti oyandikana nawo adye mazira, ndibwino kuwabzala m'malo osiyana.
Amayikira mazira pamwala wosalala kapena tsamba lalitali la chomera, kutentha kwa 25 - 28 ° C osati kuwala kowala. Awiriwa amakhala nthawi yayitali akuchotsa malo osankhirako ndipo zokonzekera izi ndizovuta kuphonya.
Mkaziyo amadutsa kangapo pamwamba, ndikuyikira mazira omata, ndipo yamwamuna imawathira manyowa nthawi yomweyo. Kawirikawiri chiwerengerocho chimakhala mazira 75-100, ngakhale mwachilengedwe amaikira zochulukirapo.
Pomwe chachikazi chimakupizira mazirawo ndi zipsepse, chachimuna chimayang'anira ndodoyo. Amathandizanso yaikazi kusamalira mazira, koma imagwira ntchito yambiri.
Mazirawo amatuluka pasanathe maola 60. Makolo amasamutsira mphutsi kumalo ena, obisika kwambiri. Pakadutsa masiku 5-7, mphutsi zidzasanduka mwachangu ndikusambira.
Makolo adzawabisala kwina kulikonse kwa milungu ingapo. Malek amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuyera kwa madzi, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyidyetsa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndikuchotsa zotsalira za chakudya.
Chakudya choyambira - dzira yolk, microworm. Akamakula, Artemia nauplii amasamutsidwa.
