Cape Monitor buluzi - chokwawa chakhungu. Ndi gawo limodzi la banja lowonera zamizimba. Amagawidwa ku Africa kokha, m'chigawo cha subequatorial belt, kumwera kwa Sahara. Chokwawa chili ndi mayina ena: steppe monitor lizard, savanna monitor lizard, Boska monitor lizard. Dzinalo linaperekedwa polemekeza wasayansi waku France, Louis-Augustin Bosc wophunzira.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Abuluzi a Steppe kapena Cape ndi zokwawa zazikulu zomwe zili ndi malamulo olimba. Kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu ndi mita imodzi. Nthawi zina amakula mpaka mita 1.3. M'malo osungira nyama, akasungidwa kunyumba, chifukwa chodya pafupipafupi, amatha kufika kukula kopitilira mita 1.5.
Amuna ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa akazi. Kusiyana kwakugonana kwakunja sikuwonekera. Khalidwe la amuna ndi akazi ndilosiyana. Amuna amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri ndipo akazi amakhala achinsinsi kwambiri. Kuwona machitidwe ndi njira imodzi momwe mungadziwire jenda la Cape polojekiti.
Mutu wa buluzi wowunika ndi wokulirapo. Ambiri mwa iwo amakhala mkamwa ndi nsagwada zopangidwa bwino, zamphamvu. Mano akula mpaka mafupa a nsagwada. Amakula ndikasweka kapena kugwa. Zojambula zam'mbuyo zimakulitsidwa komanso zopanda pake. Zipangizo za maxillofacial zimasinthidwa ngati zipolopolo, ndikuphwanya zikopa zoteteza tizilombo.
Lilime ndi lalitali ndi mphanda. Zimatumikira kuzindikira kununkhira. Maso ndi ozungulira. Kutsekedwa ndi zikope zosunthika. Ili pambali ya mutu wopingasa. Ngalande zamakutu zili pafupi ndi maso. Amalumikizidwa ndi sensa.
Limagwirira mawonedwe mafunde phokoso m'Chingelezi chosavuta. Onetsetsani abuluzi samva bwino. Pafupipafupi pa kugwedezeka komwe kumadziwika kumakhala pakati pa 400 mpaka 8000 Hz.
Zilonda za buluzi ndi zazifupi komanso zamphamvu. Imasinthidwa kuti iziyenda mwachangu komanso kukumba. Mchira umakhala wokulirapo mbali zonse ziwiri, wokhala ndi mphako kawiri. Imakhala ngati chida chodzitchinjiriza. Thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi masikelo apakatikati. Mtundu wa thupi ndi bulauni. Mthunziwo umadalira mtundu wa nthaka, yomwe imapezekanso kumalo okhala zokwawa zija.
Mitundu
Dzinalo la dzina la Cape lizard mu Latin ndi Varanus exanthematicus. Kwa nthawi yayitali, buluzi wowonera pakhosi loyera amawerengedwa kuti ndi subspecies ya steppe monitor lizard. Idayambitsidwa mu dongosolo lazachilengedwe lotchedwa Varanus albigularis.
Pambuyo pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane za ma morphological, buluzi wowonera zoyera adayamba kuonedwa ngati mtundu wodziyimira pawokha. Izi zidachitika mzaka zapitazi. Mtundu wa abuluzi owunika umaphatikizapo mitundu 80. Ndi asanu okha omwe amakhala ku Africa. Black Continent imawerengedwa ngati kwawo:
- Cape, PA
- zoyera,
- imvi,
- ndalama,
- Nile amayang'anira abuluzi.
Zokwawa zimasiyana kukula, koma osati zochuluka. Kutalika kwa mita 1-1.5 kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kwabwinobwino kwa abuluzi aku Africa. Magulu awo amaphatikizana. Makhalidwe ake ndi ofanana. Chakudya sichimasiyana kwambiri.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Malo okhalamo Cape Buluzi ndi steppes ndi savannahs, yomwe ili kumwera kwa Sahara, m'chigawo chakum'mawa kwa Africa. Buluzi wowunika samapewa minda yaulimi, msipu, zitsamba ndi nkhalango. Cape yowonera buluzi pachithunzichi Ndi buluzi wamkulu, nthawi zambiri amadziyang'ana kumbuyo kwa mchenga, miyala, minga ndi udzu.
Achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala m'minda yamafamu. Amakhala m'makumba omangidwa ndi nyama zopanda mafupa, amadya omwe amakhala nawo, ndikukula ndikuwononga mitundu yonse ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Mabowo amakula akamakula. Amakhala mobisa, masana amakhala m'mayenje, madzulo amayamba kugwira njoka ndi ziwala.
Akamakula, amafunafuna malo ogona okulirapo, maenje akumba omwe nyama zina zimakumba m'miyala yomwe yasiyidwa. Oyang'anira ku Cape amatha kukwera mitengo. Amapuma ndikubisala mu chisoti chachifumu. Amagwira tizilombo kumeneko.
Zakudya zabwino
Menyu ya abuluzi steppe polojekiti zikuphatikizapo makamaka tizilombo. Ali aang'ono, awa ndi ma crickets ang'onoang'ono, ziwala ndi ma orthoptera ena. Nkhono zazing'ono, akangaude, kafadala - mitundu yonse ya kukula koyenera imadyedwa.
Tikamakula, menyu samasintha pang'ono. Yemweyo kulumpha, zouluka ndi kukwawa invertebrates, arthropods kudzaza chakudya cha zokwawa. Ngakhale kuboola ndi zinkhanira zakupha zimasanduka nkhomaliro. Mothandizidwa ndi lilime lawo, onetsetsani abuluzi kuzindikira kupezeka kwa omwe angakhudzidwe, kukumba pansi ndi zikhasu zolimba ndi zikhadabo ndikuchotsa akangaude m'malo obisalamo.
Zinyama sizigwidwa kawirikawiri ndi owunika aku Cape. Mu biotope komwe amakhala, tizilombo ndiye chakudya chofikirika kwambiri cha abuluzi osachedwa kudya komanso othamanga.
The steppe monitor abuluzi sachita chidwi ndi zovunda - pafupi ndi iwo sadzakhala akuvutika ndi nyama zazikulu, zanjala kwanthawi yayitali. Komano, tizilombo nthawi zonse timapezeka pafupi ndi thupi la nyama yakufa.
Onetsetsani abuluzi, makamaka mukadali aang'ono. iwowo atha kukhala nyama ya nyama zambiri. Amasakidwa ndi mbalame - ogwirira nyama zokwawa, njoka, abale owunika abuluzi. Wodya nyama aliyense waku Africa ali wokonzeka kudya chokwawa.
Mndandanda wa adani a abuluzi owunikawo ndi akulu, otsogozedwa ndi munthu. M'mbuyomu, buluzi wowunika amayang'aniridwa kokha pakhungu ndi nyama. Kwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mafashoni oweta zinyama adayamba.
Masiku ano abuluzi owunika samangoyang'ana nyama ndi khungu, komanso achinyamata kapena magulu azinyentchera. Zinyama zazing'ono ndi mazira amapangidwira kuti zibwezeretsedwe. Zomwe zili mu polojekiti ya Cape mu nyumba ndi nyumba anthu akhala chizolowezi wamba.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
The steppe polojekiti buluzi ndi nyama oviparous. Abuluzi wowonera chaka chimodzi atha kutenga nawo mbali pakuwonjezera mtunduwo. Nyengo yakumasirana imayamba mu Ogasiti-Seputembara. Maanja akupangidwa Novembala.
Mkazi amakonzekera malo oti agone. Mpumulowu uli m'malo obisika - pakati pa tchire, m'malo opanda mitengo yakugwa. Mazira amayikidwa mu Disembala-Januware. Zomangamanga zimakutidwa ndi gawo lapansi. Mkazi amasiya chisa, osadandaula za chitetezo. Chinsinsi cha kupulumuka kwa mitunduyi ndi kuchuluka kwa nkhonya. Lili ndi mazira 50.
Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 100, ana amawunika abuluzi. Amabadwa mchaka, ndikumayamba kwa nyengo yamvula. Munthawi ino, oyang'anira ku Cape, onse akhanda komanso achikulire, ndiomwe amakhala akugwira ntchito mwakhama.
Amadziyimira pawokha. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 12 mpaka 13. Amabalalika kufunafuna pogona. Korona wamtengo ndi kabowo kosiyidwa zitha kukhala chipulumutso. Madzulo pa tsiku loyamba la moyo wawo, akhanda amapita kukasaka. Slugs, nkhono, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala nyama yawo.
Kodi buluzi waku Cape amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji mu vivo sinafotokozeredwe bwino. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zoo, chiwerengerochi chikuyandikira zaka 8. Mu ukapolo, kumalo osungira nyama kapena mukakhala m'nyumba yanyumba, nthawi ya moyo imafikira zaka 12.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Kulakalaka kwa aku America ndi ku Europe kwachilendo kudakhudza momwe ziweto zimayendera. M'zaka za zana lino, msonkhano m'nyumba kapena mnyumba yokhala ndi buluzi wowonera ndizodabwitsa, koma osati kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake achilendo, izi zidathandizidwa ndi kukula kwa nyama komanso kusamalira bwino.
Abuluzi oyang'anira ku Cape ali ndi mtundu womwe sapezeka kawirikawiri mu zokwawa, ndi ochezeka, amalumikizana ndi anthu, ndipo amabwereketsa kuweta. Terrarium ya Cape Monitor - ichi ndi chinthu choyamba kuyamba kusunga chokwawa m'nyumba. Mutha kugula kapena kudzimangira nokha.
Poyamba, ikhoza kukhala malo ocheperako, nyama yayikulu imafunikira terrarium 2-2.5 mita kutalika, 1-1.5 mita mulifupi, 0.8-1 mita kutalika. Poganizira kuti buluzi woyang'anira amakula mpaka 1.5 mita, izi sizikuwoneka mopitilira muyeso.
Cape yowunika buluzi kunyumba amawonekera, nthawi zambiri ali aang'ono. Ngakhale chokwawa chachichepere chimafunitsitsa kukumba. Chifukwa chake, dothi lokwanira limatsanuliridwa pansi pa terrarium: mchenga wolimba wolowetsedwa ndimiyala, miyala. Mutha kupanga malo okhala ndi matabwa kapena dongo. Kukhalapo kwake kudzapangitsa moyo wa buluzi kukhala wabwino.
Onetsetsani abuluzi amakonda kutentha. Mphamvu kutentha mu terrarium ndi m'goli. Malo pansi pa nyali ayenera kutentha mpaka 35-40 ° C. Pakona yozizira mpaka 25-28 ° C. Usiku, kutentha kwa terrarium kumasungidwa mu 22-25 ° C.
Kuwonjezera nyali incandescent, eni kusamalira kukonza Kutentha terrarium m'munsimu. Perekani kuwala kwa dzuwa kapena nyali zamagetsi zamagetsi zochepa.
Chidebe chokhala ndi madzi ochepa chimayikidwa mu terrarium. Abuluzi, kulowa mu dziwe, kunyowetsa khungu lawo. Chifukwa, momwe mungasamalire polojekiti ya Capemomwe angakonzekeretsere nyumba yake zimadalira thanzi la nyama.
Chakudya cha steppe chowonera buluzi ndi ntchito yosakanikirana, koma yosafunikira ngati zida zogona. Lamulo loyamba siliyenera kupitirira muyeso. Onetsetsani abuluzi sakudziwa muyeso, adya chilichonse chomwe apereka. Izi sizikugwirizana ndi chizolowezi chodya mwachilengedwe.
Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumadalira kulemera kwake kwa chinyama ndi kalori wazakudya. Pafupifupi, owunika abuluzi amapatsidwa chakudya cholemera 3-5% ya kulemera kwa nyama. Kukula, achinyamata, gawolo ndi lokulirapo, kwa akulu, ocheperako.
Menyu steppe polojekiti buluzi kunyumba limafanana ndi chakuti zokwawa akhoza kugwira m'chilengedwe. Crickets, ziwala, orthoptera ina. Nthawi zina eni ake amadyetsa buluzi ndi nyama ya nkhuku. Kamodzi kapena kawiri pachaka, mutha kupereka dzira kwa abuluzi owunika. Kwa akulu, mbewa imatha kukhala yothandiza. Palibe aliwonse ndipo palibe makoswe anagwira kuthengo.
Asanachitike, momwe mungadyetse nyani wa Cape, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zokwawa kunyumba zimakhala ndi njala kwa miyezi. Izi zimachitika nthawi yachilimwe. Koma ngakhale munyengo yamvula mumayenera kuthamanga kuti mupeze chakudya. Ndikukonza nyumba, kugwira ziwala kumathetsedwa, zolimbitsa thupi zimatsika kwambiri. Onetsetsani abuluzi nthawi yomweyo amayamba kunenepa.
Mosiyana ndi nyama zoyamwitsa, kuchuluka kwamafuta sikungasinthe. Buluzi wowonera mafuta amachulukitsa katundu m'ziwalo zamkati. Minofu ya mtima imavutika. Chiwindi ndi impso zawonongeka. Chifukwa chake, kunyumba, chakudya chimaperekedwa kwa buluzi tsiku lililonse kapena kangapo.
Mtengo
Anthu aku Africa amapereka, nthawi zambiri amapyola malamulo, mazira ndi nyama zazing'ono zosowa. Amalonda aku North America ndi Europe akugula chilichonse. Nthawi zonse pamakhala zofunikira kuchokera kwa okonda zachilendo. Ogulitsa katundu wamoyo akukwaniritsa bwino.
Mtengo wa abuluzi aku Cape kusinthasintha pakati 5-10 zikwi rubles. Kwa chinyama chachilendo chotere, izi ndizochepa. Nthawi yabwino kugula buluzi woyang'anira ndi chilimwe. Mu nyengo ino, mutha kupeza nyama, yomwe yangobadwa kumene.
Kuwona zowoneka, kuwunika kwamakhalidwe kumathandizira kusankha munthu wathanzi. Palibe zotupa, mawanga achilengedwe, zotuluka. Mwana wathanzi amayenda, amakonda kudziwa zambiri, mwamakani mmanja. Ndi zaka, monga momwe mumazolowera, nkhanza zidzasinthidwa ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Mwini wake adzakhala ndi cholowa m'malo mwa mphaka.
