Matamata (lat .helus fimbriatus) kapena kamba wamipendero ndi kamba wam'madzi waku South America kuchokera kubanja lamakhosi okhala ndi njoka, lomwe lakhala lotchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilendo. Ngakhale samakhala woweta komanso woweta zoweta, mawonekedwe ake ndi machitidwe osangalatsa zimapangitsa kamba kutchuka.
Ndi kamba wamkulu ndipo amatha kufika masentimita 45 ndikulemera makilogalamu 15. Amafuna madzi ofunda ndi oyera. Ngakhale akamba amipini amakhala olimba mokwanira, madzi akuda amawadwalitsa mwachangu.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Matamata amakhala mumitsinje yamadzi oyera ku South America - Amazon, Orinoco, Essequibo, yomwe imadutsa Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. Amakhalanso pachilumba cha Trinidad ndi Tobago.
Amamatira pansi, malo okhala ndi mafunde ofooka, silt. Amakhala m'mitsinje, madambo komanso nkhalango zamitengo yodzaza madzi.
M'malo mwa mphuno, chibwenzicho chimamuthandiza kupuma, kumizidwa m'madzi kwathunthu. Amamva bwino ndi kugwira, ndipo maselo apadera m'khosi mwake amathandiza kuti aziwona kayendedwe ka madzi kuti adziwe nsomba.
Nthawi zambiri kamba amafikira pansi pamtsinje womwe ukuyenda pang'onopang'ono, osuntha pang'ono kotero kuti ndere zimakula pamkhosi pake ndi chipolopolo.
Pamodzi ndi mphonje, amamupatsa chinsinsi. Wovutikayo akuyandikira, ndipo kamba amamugwira ndi malo apadera.
Amatsegula pakamwa pake ndi liwiro lalikulu kwakuti mtsinje wamadzi wothamangira momwemo umakoka nsomba ngati faneli. Nsagwada zimatsekedwa, madzi amalavulira kunja, ndipo nsomba zimameza.
Kusintha ndi chipolopolo cholimba kumamupulumutsa kwa adani omwe Amazon ndi olemera.
Kufotokozera
Iyi ndi kamba wamkulu, mpaka 45 mu carapace. Amatha kulemera makilogalamu 15. Carapace (kumtunda kwa chipolopolocho) ndi chachilendo kwambiri, chovuta, ndi zopindika zosiyanasiyana za piramidi. Mutuwo ndi waukulu, wolimba komanso wamakona atatu, kumapeto kwake kumakhala kusintha kwa mphuno.
Ali ndi kamwa yayikulu kwambiri, maso ake ndi ochepa ndipo amakhala pafupi ndi mphuno. Khosi ndi lochepa, lalitali ndi mphonje zambiri.
Anthu okhwima ogonana amasiyana chifukwa champhongo chimakhala ndi pulasitala wa concave, ndipo mchira ndiwowonda komanso wautali. Mzimayi, pulasitron ndi wofanana, ndipo mchira ndiwofupikitsa kwambiri.
Zipolopolo zazikulu za akamba achikasu ndi zachikaso ndi zofiirira. Ana obadwa kumene ali owala kuposa achikulire.
Palibe chidziwitso chenicheni chokhudza chiyembekezo cha moyo, koma amavomereza kuti matamata amakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali. Manambala kuyambira zaka 40 mpaka 75, ndipo mpaka 100 adatchulidwa.
Kudyetsa
Omnivorous, koma makamaka amadya chakudya chamoyo. Muyenera kupatsa nsomba zagolidi, mapepala, mollies, guppies, mawi, ma molluscs, mbewa komanso mbalame. Mutha kudyetsa pokhapokha powonjezera nsomba dazeni mu aquarium, chifukwa zidzamuvuta kuti agwire imodzi, ndikusankha, matamata adzawagwira mofanana.
Kudyetsa nsomba zamoyo:
Kupita pang'onopang'ono (mutha kuwona momwe kamwa yake imagwirira ntchito)
Zokhutira
Popeza kamba amakula, aquaterrarium yayikulu ikufunika kuti isungidwe. Zowona, sakhala wosaka mwakhama monga mitundu ina ya akamba, ndipo zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono zimatha kukhala m'madzi okwanira lita 200-250.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakusamalira ndi mtundu wamadzi ndi magawo ake. Asidi ayenera kukhala otsika, pafupifupi pH 5.0-5.5, ndikuwonjezera peat kapena masamba obzala.
Kusintha kokhazikika kwamadzi nthawi zonse ndi fyuluta yamphamvu. Kutentha kwamadzi kumakhala + 28… + 30 ° C ndipo kumakhala kolimba chaka chonse.
Amateurs ena pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kutentha nthawi yakugwa, kotero kuti nthawi yozizira kamba samapuma mpweya wozizira ndipo samalandira chibayo.
M'nyanja yamchere yokhala ndi kamba kakang'ono, nthaka iyenera kukhala mchenga kuti iwononge plastron ndipo pali malo oti mubzalemo.
Zokongoletserazo ndi matabwa obowolera, ndi zomera, mwamwayi muzochita zosangalatsa za aquarium, zomera zambiri zimachokera ku Amazon. Ngakhale amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, samagwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri amagona pansi.
Kuunikira - mothandizidwa ndi nyali ya UV, ngakhale matamata samabwera kumtunda kukatenthedwa, kuwalako kumapereka kutentha kowonjezera ndikukuthandizani kuti muzionetsetsa.
Mofanana ndi akamba onse am'madzi, matamata amafunika kuchepetsedwa. Muyenera kuwatenga kokha kuti muwayeretse kapena kuwasamutsira ku aquaterrarium ina, koma osasewera.
Akamba achichepere nthawi zambiri amakhala achinsinsi komanso amakhala opanikizika ngati wina awasautsa m'madzi. Mwambiri, muyenera kuwakhudza kamodzi pamwezi, kuti muwone ngati palibe zovuta zathanzi.
Kubereka
Mu ukapolo, sikuti imaswana, ndizodziwika bwino zochepa zokha zomwe zimadziwika.
Mwachilengedwe, mkazi amatungira mazira pafupifupi 200 ndipo sasamala za iwo. Mazira amakhala ovuta, pomwe akamba ambiri amakhala ofewa.
