Mphaka wa American Shorthair, kapena wamfupi, amawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha United States, komanso baseball ndi pie ya apulo.
Amphakawa akhala ku America kwazaka zopitilira 400, adafika ndi oyamba kumene.
Ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ogwirizira makoswe, kuti achepetse magulu amakoswe omwe amatsagana ndi sitimayo nthawi imeneyo. Mphaka uyu ali ndi thupi lolimba komanso miyendo yolimba yopangidwira kusaka. Potengera zomwe zili, ndizosavuta, zotsika mtengo, ochezeka komanso osadzichepetsa.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Zachidziwikire, amphaka aku America adabwera ku United States kuchokera ku Europe, popeza kulibe mitundu ku North kapena South America komwe ikadachokera. Cholozera chachidule ku America amachokera ku Europe, koma ku America akhala zaka zoposa 400.
Ndani akudziwa, mwina kwa nthawi yoyamba amphakawa adafika ndi Christopher Columbus? Koma, anali ku Jamestown, malo oyamba okhala ku Britain ku New World, ndipo tikudziwa izi kuchokera pazolembedwa kuyambira 1609.
Ndiye linali lamulo lotenga amphaka kuti akwere ngalawayo. Amakhulupirira kuti adafika ku America pa Mayflower, omwe adanyamula amwendamnjira kuti akapeze nyamayo.
Ntchito paulendowu inali yothandiza, kugwira makoswe ndi mbewa zomwe zimawononga chakudya pazombo.
Popita nthawi, adawoloka ndi mitundu ina: Persian, British Shorthair, Burma, ndipo adapeza mitundu yomwe tikumudziwa lero.
Zilibe kanthu kuti achokera kuti ndi liti, koma adakhala mamembala athunthu, ndikuwatumikira ngati nkhokwe zanyumba, nyumba ndi minda kuchokera pagulu la makoswe omwe amayendanso pazombo.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, magwiridwe antchito anali ofunikira kuposa kukongola, ndipo atsamunda oyambilira sanasamale mtundu, mawonekedwe amtundu wa amphaka a American Shorthair.
Ndipo ngakhale kusankhidwa kwachilengedwe kuli kovuta kwa anthu ndi amphaka, adakwanitsa kusintha ndikusintha minofu yolimba, nsagwada, komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Koma, kutchuka kudabwera pamtunduwu m'ma 1960, pomwe idayamba kuchita nawo ziwonetsero ndikupambana mphotho.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana, amphaka awa adawoloka mwachinsinsi ndi Aperisi, kuti akonze zakunja ndikupereka utoto wonyezimira.
Zotsatira zake, adasintha ndikupeza mawonekedwe amphaka aku Persian. Popeza Aperisi anali atachita bwino kwambiri, mitundu yosakanizidwa yotereyi idakhala yotchuka.
Koma, popita nthawi, mitundu yatsopano idalowa m'malo mwa American Shorthair. Odyerawo anali ndi chidwi ndi mitundu monga Persian, Siamese, Angora ndipo amaiwala za Kurzhaars, omwe adawatumikira mokhulupirika kwa zaka zambiri.
Gulu la okonda omwe amakonda mawonekedwe achikale a American Shorthair adayamba pulogalamu yosamalira, ngakhale adasunga mtundu wa siliva momwe udatchuka.
Poyamba, zinthu zinavuta, popeza sanalandire thandizo lililonse kuchokera kwa obereketsa ena. Masiku amenewo, iwo sakanakhoza kupambana mu mphete zowonetsera motsutsana ndi mitundu yatsopano, sakanakhoza kuyimiridwa mwa iwo, popeza panalibe mulingo.
Ndipo izi zidapitilira mpaka ma 1940, pomwe pang'onopang'ono komanso modekha, koma kutchuka kwa mtunduwo kunayamba kukula.
Mu Seputembala 1965, obereketsa adavota kuti asinthane mtunduwo. Lero amatchedwa American Shorthair cat, kapena pointer yaifupi (osasokoneza mtundu wa galu), yemwe amatchedwa Shorthair wanyumba.
Koma akazembe amawopa kuti pansi pa dzinali sangapeze zofunikira pamsika, ndipo adasinthanso mtunduwo.
Masiku ano amadziwika bwino, amadziwika kuti ndi otchuka ku United States, wachinayi mwa mitundu yonse ya mphaka.
Kufotokozera
Ogwira ntchito enieni, olimbitsidwa ndi zaka zovuta za moyo, amphaka ndi amisempha, omangidwa mwamphamvu. Kukula kwakukulu kapena kwapakatikati.
Amphaka okhwima ogonana amalemera makilogalamu 5 mpaka 7.5, amphaka kuyambira 3.5 mpaka 5 kg. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndikukula mpaka chaka chachitatu - chachinayi cha moyo.
Kutalika kwa moyo ndi zaka 15-20.
Mutu ndi waung'ono, wozungulira, wokhala ndi maso otalikirana kwambiri. Mutu wokhawo ndi waukulu, wokhala ndi mphutsi yotakata, nsagwada zolimba zomwe zimatha kugwira nyama.
Makutu ake ndi apakatikati, ozungulira pang'ono kunsonga ndipo amakhala otambalala pamutu. Maso ndi akulu, ngodya yakunja kwa diso ndiyokwera pang'ono kuposa yamkati. Mtundu wa diso umadalira mtundu ndi utoto.
Ma paws ndi autali wapakatikati, okhala ndi minofu yamphamvu, kumapeto kwa phazi lolimba, lokutidwa. Mchira ndi wandiweyani, wautali wapakatikati, wokulirapo m'munsi ndikudumphira kumapeto, nsonga ya mchira ndi yosalala.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, cholimba, cholimba mpaka kukhudza. Imatha kusintha kapangidwe kake kutengera nyengo, imakhala yolimba m'nyengo yozizira.
Koma, nyengo iliyonse, ndi wandiweyani mokwanira kuteteza mphaka ku kuzizira, tizilombo ndi kuvulala.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yoposa 80 imadziwika pa mphaka wa American Shorthair. Kuchokera pamabokosi okhala ndi mawanga abulauni mpaka amphaka amaso abuluu okhala ndi ubweya woyera kapena wosuta. Ena amatha kukhala akuda kapena otuwa. Mtundu wa tabby ukhoza kuonedwa ngati wachikale, ndiwotchuka kwambiri pazowonetsa. Amphaka okha ndi omwe samaloledwa kupikisana, momwe zizindikilo zakusakanizidwa zimawonekera bwino, chifukwa chake zizindikilo za mitundu ina zimakhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu: chokoleti, lilac, fawn, sable.
Chizindikiro chilichonse cha mtundu wosakanizidwa, kuphatikiza: ubweya wautali, ntchentche kumchira ndi khosi, maso otuluka ndi mafupa, mchira wokhotakhota kapena utoto, ndi zifukwa zosayenera.
Khalidwe
Mawu oti "chilichonse mosapitirira malire" amabwera m'maganizo pakafunika kufotokozera mawonekedwe amphaka waku American Shorthair. Izi sizoyala bedi, komanso si bampu yofinya.
Ngati mukufuna mphaka yemwe amasangalala kugona pamiyendo panu, osati pamutu panu, ndipo sangapusitsidwe mukakhala kuntchito.
Monga atsamunda omwe adamubweretsa, pointer wamfupi amakonda kudziyimira pawokha. Amakonda kuyenda m'manja mwawo ndipo sakonda kunyamulidwa ngati silili lingaliro lawo. Kupanda kutero, ndi anthu anzeru, achikondi, okonda.
Amakondanso kusewera, ndipo amakhalabe osewera ngakhale atakalamba. Ndipo chibadwa chosaka chidakali nawo, musaiwale. Pakakhala makoswe ndi mbewa, amagwira ntchentche ndi tizilombo tina, amazindikira motere. Amakondanso kuwonera mbalame ndi zochitika zina kunja kwazenera.
Ngati mungatuluke mumsewu, ndiye konzekerani mphatso zamtundu wa mbewa ndi mbalame zomwe abweretse. Chabwino, mnyumbamo, musamusiyire zinkhwe. Amakondanso malo okwezeka, monga mashelufu apamwamba kapena nsonga za mitengo ya amphaka, koma amatha kuyamwa kuyamwa kukwera mipando.
Adzasinthira nyengo iliyonse, komanso nyama zina. Ma Kurzhaars ndi odekha mwachilengedwe, amphaka abwino, otchuka m'mabanja, chifukwa amaleza mtima ndi ana. Ndi nyumba zanzeru komanso zosangalatsa zomwe zimakhala ndi chidwi ndi zonse zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo.
Amakonda kucheza ndi anthu, koma ndi odziyimira pawokha, ambiri aiwo ndiwopepuka, koma ena amakonda kukhala pafupi. Ndi bwino kupewa chidwi nthawi zonse ndikusiya yekha mphaka.
Ngati mukufuna mtundu wofatsa komanso wabata mukafika kunyumba kuchokera tsiku lovuta kuntchito, uwu ndi mtundu wanu. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, samafuna kalikonse, pokhapokha mutayiwala kudyetsa. Ndipo ngakhale pamenepo amachita izi mothandizidwa ndi mawu osalala, odekha, osati siren yoyipa.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Palibe chisamaliro chapadera chomwe chimafunikira. Monga Shorthair waku Britain, amakonda kudya mopitirira muyeso ndikulemera, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuwapitilira.
Pofuna kupewa mavutowa, musamadye kwambiri ndikusewera ndi mphaka wanu kuti ukhale wolimba.
Mwa njira, awa ndi obadwa osaka, ndipo ngati muli ndi mwayi, awatulutseni pabwalo, aloleni kuti agwiritse ntchito nzeru zawo.
Kuwasamalira ndikosavuta. Popeza malaya ndi amfupi, ndikwanira kupesa kamodzi pa sabata ndikuyeretsanso makutu, kudula misomali. Osati mopepuka komanso posalala, pomwe mphaka amafunika kuphunzitsidwa.
Kusankha mphaka
Kugula mphaka wopanda ziphaso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, m'katunduyu, mphonda zimalandira katemera, kuphunzitsidwa chimbudzi, ndikuyesedwa matenda. Lumikizanani ndi obereketsa odziwa zambiri, malo abwino odyetsera ana.
Zaumoyo
Chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo ndi kudzichepetsa, amakhala zaka 15 kapena kupitilira apo. Ena mwa iwo amadwala matenda a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), matenda amtima omwe amapita patsogolo kumwalira.
Zizindikiro zimasokonekera kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina mphaka amafa mwadzidzidzi komanso popanda chifukwa. Popeza ichi ndi chimodzi mwamatenda ofala kwambiri a ziweto, kuli ma laboratories ku United States omwe amatha kudziwa momwe HCM imakhalira pachibadwa.
M'mayiko athu, kuchita izi sikungatheke. Matendawa sangachiritsidwe, koma mankhwala amatha kumuchepetsa.
Matenda ena, ngakhale samapha, koma opweteka komanso owononga moyo wa mphaka ndi dysplasia yolumikizana ndi mchiuno.
Ndikudwala pang'ono kwa matendawa, zizindikilo zake zimakhala zosawoneka, koma pamavuto akulu zimabweretsa kupweteka kwambiri, kuuma kwa miyendo, nyamakazi.
Matendawa, ngakhale amapezeka ku American shorthaired, ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina.
Musaiwale, awa si amphaka okha, ndi omwe adazindikira komanso amwendamnjira omwe adagonjetsa America ndikuwononga gulu lankhondo la makoswe.
