Savannah (English Savannah cat) ndi mtundu wa amphaka amphaka, omwe adabadwa chifukwa chodutsa amphaka amtchire aku Africa komanso amphaka oweta. Kukula kwakukulu, mawonekedwe akuthengo, kukongola, ndizomwe zimasiyanitsa mtunduwu. Koma, muyenera kulipira chilichonse, ndipo ma savanna ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, osowa komanso kugula mphaka wabwino sichinthu chophweka chonchi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Ichi ndi chosakanizidwa cha mphaka wamba, woweta komanso mphaka wamtchire kapena mphaka wamtchire. Mtundu wosakanikirana wachilendowu watchuka pakati pa akatswiri kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90, ndipo mu 2001 International Cat Association idazindikira kuti Savannah ndi mtundu watsopano, ndipo mu Meyi 2012 TICA idapereka mwayi wokhala ngwazi.
Ndipo nkhaniyi idayamba pa Epulo 7, 1986, pomwe Jadi Frank adadutsa mphaka wa Serval (wa Susie Woods) ndi mphaka wa Siamese. Mwana wamphaka wobadwa uja amatchedwa Savannah, ndichifukwa chake dzina la mtundu wonsewo lidapita. Iye anali woyimira woyamba wa mtunduwo ndi m'badwo woyamba wa hybrids (F1).
Panthawiyo, palibe chomwe chinali chodziwikiratu za kubala kwa amphaka atsopano, komabe, Savannah sanali wosabala ndipo ana amphaka angapo anabadwa kuchokera kwa iye, omwe amapatsa mbadwo watsopano - F2.
Susie Wood adalemba nkhani ziwiri m'magazini zokhudzana ndi mtunduwu, ndipo adakopa chidwi cha a Patrick Kelly, omwe amalota zopeza amphaka amitundu yatsopano omwe angafanane ndi nyama yakutchire momwe angathere. Adalumikizana ndi Suzy ndi Jadi, koma analibe chidwi ndi ntchito ina yamphaka.
Chifukwa chake, Patrick adagula amphaka kwa iwo, obadwa ku Savannah ndipo adayitanitsa obereketsa angapo kuti agwire nawo ntchito yoswana. Koma, ochepa okha mwa iwo adachita chidwi ndi izi. Izi sizinaimitse Patrick, ndipo pamapeto pake adakopa wofalitsa wina, Joyce Sroufe, kuti agwirizane. Pakadali pano, ana amphongo a F2 adabereka, ndipo m'badwo wa F3 udawonekera.
Mu 1996, a Patrick ndi a Joyce adapanga mtundu woweta ndikuwapereka ku International Cat Association.
Joyce Srouf wakhala woweta bwino kwambiri ndipo amadziwika kuti ndiye woyambitsa. Chifukwa cha kuleza mtima kwake, kulimbikira komanso kudalira, komanso kudziwa zambiri za chibadwa, ana amphaka ambiri amabadwa kuposa obereketsa ena.
Kuphatikiza apo, mphaka wake anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kubweretsa ana amphaka am'mbuyomu ndi amphaka achonde. Joyce anali woyamba kufalitsa mtundu watsopanowu padziko lapansi pachionetsero ku New York mu 1997.
Popeza idakhala yotchuka komanso yosiririka, mtunduwo udagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinyengo, chifukwa chake wopenga dzina lake Simon Brody adapereka F1 Savannahs chifukwa cha mtundu wa Ashera womwe adapanga.
Kufotokozera za mtunduwo
Ataliatali komanso owonda, ma savanna amawoneka olemera kuposa momwe alili. Kukula kumadalira kwambiri m'badwo ndi jenda, amphaka a F1 nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kwambiri.
Mibadwo F1 ndi F2 nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti ali ndi magazi amtchire a ku Africa. Ndi F1 yomwe ndi yotchuka kwambiri komanso yamtengo wapatali, popeza koposa zonse imafanana ndi amphaka amtchire, ndipo kupitilira apo, sichimafanana kwenikweni.
Amphaka a m'badwo uno amatha kulemera makilogalamu 6.3-11.3, pomwe ena pambuyo pake ali kale mpaka makilogalamu 6.8, ndiwotalika komanso otalikirapo kuposa mphaka wamba, koma samalemera mosiyanasiyana.
Amakhala ndi moyo zaka 15-20. Popeza zimakhala zovuta kupeza mphaka, kuphatikiza pawo ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi chibadwa, kukula kwa nyama kumatha kusiyanasiyana, ngakhale pamatayala omwewo.
Amapitiliza kukula mpaka zaka zitatu, pomwe amakula msanga mchaka choyamba, ndipo pambuyo pake amatha kuwonjezera masentimita angapo. Ndipo amakhala olimba kwambiri mchaka chachiwiri chamoyo.
Chovalacho chiyenera kuwonedwa, nyama zowoneka zokha ndizomwe zimakwaniritsa muyeso wa TICA, popeza nyama zakutchire zimakhala ndi khungu lawo.
Awa ndimadontho akuda kapena akuda kwambiri obalalika pamwamba pa malayawo. Koma, popeza nthawi zonse amawoloka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya amphaka (kuphatikiza Bengal ndi Egypt Mau), pali mitundu yambiri yosavomerezeka.
Mitundu yosavomerezeka imaphatikizapo: harlequin, yoyera (color point), buluu, sinamoni, chokoleti, lilac ndi mitanda ina yomwe imapezeka kuchokera kwa amphaka am'nyumba.
Mitundu yachilendo ya savannah imakhudzana makamaka ndi zakubadwa kwa serval. Izi zikuphatikizapo: mawanga pakhungu; makutu okwera, otakata, owongoka ndi maupangiri ozungulira; miyendo yayitali kwambiri; atayimirira, miyendo yake yakumbuyo imakhala yayitali kuposa yakutsogolo.
Mutu wake ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa kupingasa, ndipo umakhala pakhosi lalitali, lokongola.
Kumbuyo kwa makutu kuli mawanga omwe amafanana ndi maso. Mchira ndi wamfupi, wokhala ndi mphete zakuda komanso nsonga yakuda. Maso a mphaka amakhala amtambo, koma akamakula, amatha kukhala obiriwira, abulauni, agolide.
Kuswana ndi majini
Popeza ma savanna amapezedwa powoloka nyama zamphaka zakutchire (amphaka aku Bengal, Oriental Shorthair, Siamese ndi Aigupto Mau, amphaka oweta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito), ndiye kuti m'badwo uliwonse umapeza nambala yake.
Mwachitsanzo, amphaka obadwa molunjika pamtandawu amadziwika kuti F1 ndipo ndi 50% serval.
Generation F1 ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza, chifukwa chakusiyana kwakanthawi pakukula kwa mwana m'mphaka ndi ziweto (masiku 65 ndi 75 motsatana), komanso kusiyana kwa kapangidwe ka majini.
Nthawi zambiri mphaka amafa kapena amabadwa msanga. Kuphatikiza apo, amuna ogwirira ntchito amakonda kwambiri akazi ndipo nthawi zambiri amakana kukwatirana ndi amphaka wamba.
Generation F1 itha kukhala yopitilira 75% Serval, Generation F2 25% mpaka 37.5% (ndi m'modzi mwa makolo oyamba m'badwo), ndi F3 12.5% kapena apo.
Pokhala hybrids, nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi kubereka, amuna amakhala akulu kukula koma osabala mpaka m'badwo wa F5, ngakhale akazi amakhala achonde kuyambira m'badwo wa F1. Mu 2011, obereketsa adayang'anitsitsa kuti asawonjezere kuchepa kwa amphaka am'mbuyomu a F6-F5.
Poganizira zovuta zonse, amphaka am'badwo F1-F3, monga lamulo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma kateti pakuswana, ndipo amphaka okha ndiwo amagulitsa. Zinthu zosiyanazi zimachitika m'badwo wa F5-F7, pomwe amphaka amasiyidwa kuti aswane ndipo amphaka amagulitsidwa.
Khalidwe
Amphakawa nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi agalu chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kwawo, amatha kutsatira eni ake, ngati galu wokhulupirika, ndipo amalekerera kuyenda pa leash.
Ma savanna ena ndi ochezeka komanso ochezeka kwa anthu, agalu, ndi amphaka ena, pomwe ena amayamba kuyimbira mlendo akafika.
Kukhala wochezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama ndiye njira yolerera mphaka.
Tawonani chizolowezi cha amphakawa kuti azilumpha kwambiri, amakonda kudumphira mufiriji, mipando yayitali kapena pamwamba pachitseko. Ena mwa iwo amatha kudumpha kuchokera kumalo mpaka kutalika kwa mita 2.5.
Amakhalanso achidwi kwambiri, amadziwa msanga momwe angatsegulire zitseko ndi zotsekera, ndipo anthu omwe adzagule amphakawa ayenera kusamala kuti ziweto zawo zisalowe m'mavuto.
Masavana ambiri sawopa madzi ndikusewera nawo, ndipo ena amakonda madzi ndipo amasambira mosangalala kwa eni ake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'chilengedwe, abambo amatenga achule ndi nsomba, ndipo sawopa madzi konse. Komabe, ili limatha kukhala vuto pamene amataya madzi kuchokera m'mbale.
Phokoso lomwe ma savannah amapanga lingafanane ndi kulira kwa nyama ina, mphaka wa mphaka woweta, kusinthana kwa zonse ziwiri, kapena china chake chosiyana ndi china chilichonse. Mibadwo yoyamba idatulutsa mawu ngati serval.
Komabe, amathanso kuyimba, ndipo kuyimba kwawo ndi kosiyana ndi mphaka woweta, ndipo amafanana ndi nthabwala ya njoka yayikulu. Munthu amene anamva koyamba akhoza kukhala wowopsa kwambiri.
Pali zinthu zitatu zofunika zomwe zimakhudza chikhalidwe: chibadwa, mibadwo, komanso mayanjano. Popeza mtunduwo umakhalabe pachiyambi chake cha chitukuko, nyama zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukhala zosiyana kwambiri.
Kwa amphaka am'badwo woyamba (Savannah F1 ndi Savannah F2), machitidwe a serval amawonekera kwambiri. Kulumpha, kutsatira, chibadwa chosaka ndi mawonekedwe a mibadwo iyi.
Popeza mibadwo yachonde ya F5 ndi F6 imagwiritsidwa ntchito poswana, mibadwo yamtsogolo yamasamba idasiyanasiyana kale pamachitidwe amphaka wamba. Koma, mibadwo yonse imadziwika ndi zochitika zambiri komanso chidwi.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakukweza ma savannah ndikumacheza koyambirira. Amphaka omwe amalumikizana ndi anthu kuyambira nthawi yobadwa, amakhala nawo tsiku lililonse, amaphunzira machitidwe kwa moyo wawo wonse.
Zowona, m'ngalande imodzi, ana amphaka amatha kukhala osiyana, ena amakhala osakanikirana ndi anthu, ena amawopa ndikuwapewa.
Mbalame zomwe zimakhala zamanyazi nthawi zambiri zimawopsezedwa ndi alendo ndipo zimapewa alendo mtsogolo. Ndipo iwo omwe kuyambira ali mwana amadziwa bwino anthu ndipo amakonda kusewera nawo, saopa alendo, samawopa malo atsopano ndikusintha kusintha.
Kwa ana amphaka, kulumikizana komanso kucheza nawo ziyenera kukhala gawo lazomwe amachita tsiku ndi tsiku kuti zikule bwino komanso kukhala bata. Amphaka omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali osalankhulana, kapena ali ndi amayi awo, nthawi zambiri samawona anthu ndikuwakhulupirira pang'ono. Amatha kukhala ziweto zabwino, koma sadzakhulupirira alendo ndipo amachita manyazi kwambiri.
Kudyetsa
Popeza palibe umodzi mwamakhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe, momwemonso palibe mgwirizano pakudya. Malo ena odyetserako ziweto akuti safuna chakudya chapadera, pomwe ena amangopatsa chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri.
Anthu ena amalangiza kudyetsa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono ndi chakudya chachilengedwe, wokhala ndi mapuloteni osachepera 32%. Ena amati izi sizofunikira, kapena zowopsa. Poganizira za mtengo wa mphakawu, chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndikufunsa wogulitsa momwe amadyera ndikutsatira zomwezo.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa savanna ndi mphaka wa bengal?
Pali kusiyana pakati pa mitunduyi. Choyamba, mphaka wa Bengal amachokera ku mphaka wa Far Eastern, ndipo savannah imachokera ku African Serval, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana.
Ngakhale khungu lonse limakutidwa ndi malo owoneka bwino, amdima, mawanga a mphaka wa Bengal ali ndi mitundu itatu, omwe amatchedwa rosettes, ndipo m'nkhalango ali monochromatic.
Palinso zosiyana mu ndege. Mphaka wa Bengal ali ndi thupi lophatikizana, ngati womenyera kapena wosewera mpira, makutu ang'ono ndi maso akulu, ozungulira. Pomwe Savannah ndiwosewera wamtali wa basketball wokhala ndi makutu akulu.
