Great Dane (English Great Dane) ndi amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso yayitali kwambiri. Mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi ya Great Dane yotchedwa Zeus (adamwalira mu Seputembara 2014 ali ndi zaka 5), yomwe idafikira masentimita 112. Dzina la Chingerezi la Danish Great Dane ndi lolakwika, agalu awa adapezeka ku Germany, osati ku Denmark.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
- Akuluakulu aku Danes ndiabwino, yesetsani kusangalatsa, kondani anthu, osakhala oyipa ndipo amaphunzitsidwa bwino njira yoyenera.
- Monga mitundu ina yayikulu, ma Dani Wamkulu samakhala motalika.
- Amafuna malo ambiri aulere, ngakhale kungotembenuka pomwepo. Palibe malo ochulukirapo omwe Great Dane sangafikeko, ndipo kugwedeza kovuta kwa mchira wake kumasesa makapu onse patebulo lanu la khofi.
- Chilichonse chomwe galu wamba amafunikira chimawononga ndalama zambiri ngati Great Dane. Leashes, ma kolala, ntchito zanyama, chakudya. Ndipo pali zinyalala zambiri kuchokera kwa iwo.
- Zitenga nthawi kuti mafupa awo asiye kukula ndipo pamapeto pake adzauma. Ana agalu akulu a Dane sayenera kuloledwa kudumpha ndi kuthamanga mwamphamvu mpaka atakwanitsa miyezi 18, izi zithandizira kuteteza mafupa awo amisempha.
- Podyetsa, ndibwino kutsatira chakudya chapadera cha agalu akuluakulu.
- Akuluakulu aku Danes sakuyenera kukhala muzipinda zazing'ono komanso nyumba chifukwa chakuti ndi zazikulu.
- Popeza alibe thanzi labwino, muyenera kugula mwana wagalu mnyumba yokhayokha, kuchokera kwa makolo abwino.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Great Danes adawonekera kale mabuku oyamba asanatuluke. Zotsatira zake, ndizochepa zomwe zimadziwika pokhudzana ndi magwero awo, ngakhale pali nthano zambiri komanso zopeka. Adawonekeradi ku Germany zaka mazana angapo (kapena mwina chikwi) zapitazo ndipo ali mgulu la a Molossian.
Gululi limadziwika ndi mphamvu yayikulu, chibadwa choteteza, mphuno ya mphutsi ndi makolo ochokera ku Roma.
Agalu akulu kwambiri amawonekera pazithunzi zaku Greece wakale ndipo amatengera cholowa ku Roma. Aroma amapanga ndikusintha agalu awo, ndipo pamodzi ndi gulu lankhondo la a Molossians, amalowa Britain ndi mayiko aku Europe.
Kuphatikiza apo, agalu awa adasiya mbiri yayikulu m'mbiri ndipo adakhala ngati maziko amitundu yambiri amakono, kuphatikiza Great Dane.
Komabe, ma molossians omwe amapezeka ku Germany amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana kuposa m'maiko ena aku Europe. Pomwe anali akumenyana ndi agalu ndi agalu olondera, m'mafuko aku Germany amasungidwa kuti azisaka ndi kuweta ziweto. M'masiku amenewo, zinali zofala kuti ziweto zizidyera momasuka m'madera oyanjana.
Popanda kulumikizana ndi anthu, izi zinali nyama zamtchire, zosalamulirika. Kuti athe kuwongoleredwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma mastiff. Pakamwa pakatipo, pakamwa pake panawalola kunyamula nyamayo, ndi nyonga ya kuthupi.
Ajeremani adawatcha Bullenbeiser. Anagwiritsidwanso ntchito kusaka nyama zazikulu, pomwe mphamvu ndi pakamwa lalikulu sizingakhale zopanda pake.
Ngakhale a Bullenbeisers amatha kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, sanali akatswiri pa iliyonse. Kuti apange galu wosaka bwino, olemekezeka aku Germany awoloka Bullenbeisers ndi Greyhounds. Izi mwina zidachitika m'zaka za 8-12. Izi zidapatsa agalu mtsogolo kuthamanga ndi masewera, kumalimbikitsa mphamvu ya kununkhiza komanso kusaka.
Kwa zaka zambiri pakhala pali mikangano, koma ndimtundu wanji wa ma greyhound omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito? Zambiri zimatsamira ku Wolfhound yaku Ireland, yomwe ndi yayikulu yokha. Komabe, palibe umboni wa izi, ndipo ndizokayikitsa kuti galu wamkulu chonchi amatha kuyenda kuchokera ku Ireland kupita ku Germany nthawi imeneyo. Kuphatikiza apo, agalu a Great Dane a nthawiyo anali ocheperako kuposa agalu amakono, ndipo amafanana ndi Rottweilers.
Mestizo wotsatirawo adasaka nkhumba zakutchire bwino kwambiri kotero kuti adadziwika kuti Hatz-ndi Sauruden kapena galu wa boar ndipo anali wotchuka kwambiri ndi olemekezeka. M'masiku amenewo, Germany inali ndi mayiko masauzande ambiri odziyimira pawokha, kuyambira kukula kwake kuchokera kumudzi mpaka ku Austria.
Ma Great Danes amapezeka kulikonse, anali amodzi mwamitundu yodziwika bwino yaku Germany. A Boarhound adapeza dzina la Deutsche Dogge lomwe limatanthauza Great Dane kapena Mastiff waku Germany, kutengera kutanthauzira.
N'zosadabwitsa kuti agalu akuluakulu, amphamvu sakanatha kusaka, komanso amateteza bwino mwiniwake ndi katundu wake. Agalu amayamba kuteteza eni ake ndipo ngakhale wakuphayo wolimba mtima kwambiri angaganize kaye asanamuukire. Musaiwale kuti m'mbuyomu Great Dane anali ankhanza komanso owopsa kuposa masiku ano.
Mu 1737, katswiri wazachilengedwe waku France a Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, adapita ku Denmark. Kumeneku adakumana ndi mtundu wotchedwa Grand Danois kapena Great Dane ndipo molakwika adawona ngati achikhalidwe. Adafotokoza m'malemba ake ndipo kuyambira pamenepo mu Chingerezi Great Dane amatchedwa Great Dane.
Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana limenelo, anali atafalikira ku England, Denmark, France ndi mayiko ena. Pamphepete mwa nyanja adafika ku Cape Town, komwe adatenga nawo gawo pakupanga mtundu wa Boerboel.
Chifukwa cha French Revolution, kusintha kwamachitidwe kudutsa ku Europe, kuphatikiza mayiko omwe amalankhula Chijeremani. Olemekezeka adayamba kutaya ufulu wawo ndi udindo wawo, malo awo ndi mwayi wawo.
Maiko amatha, kusaka kumasiya kukhala olemekezeka, amasiya kukhala ndi maphukusi ndi agalu akulu. Koma, chikondi cha Great Danes ndi champhamvu kwambiri kotero kuti amasiyidwa ngati agalu olondera ndipo kutchuka kwawo kumangokula. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu otsika tsopano akhoza kuzikwanitsa, ngakhale zili choncho.
Popeza a Great Danes amasungidwa kuti azisaka, nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda ziweto kwazaka zambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, sanasamale zakunja, koma ndimakhalidwe ogwira ntchito. Great Dane idafika pachimake potchuka ndipo mu 1863 adatenga nawo gawo pachiwonetsero choyamba cha agalu ku Germany.
Popeza anthu olemera okha ndi omwe amatha kugula agalu akulu, eni ake anali amalonda, alimi akulu, eni malo ogulitsa nyama. Imodzi mwa miyezo yoyamba yopanga inali yopangidwa ndi ogulitsa nyama, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Great Danes kunyamula zotchinga ndi zinthu.
Mitunduyi idayamba kutchuka ku United States, ndipo kale mu 1887 adalandiridwa mu AKC (American Kennel Club). Zaka zinayi pambuyo pake, kalabu yoyamba idapangidwa ku Germany, ndipo mu 1923 mtunduwo udadziwika ndi English Kennel Club. Pofika 1950, Great Dane ndi amodzi mwamitundu yayikulu kwambiri.
Anathandizanso kwambiri pakukula kwa mitundu ina, chifukwa amaphatikiza kukula ndi anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chake, Great Danes adagwiritsidwa ntchito kupulumutsa mitundu ina yomwe ili pachiwopsezo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala chete za izi, koma adawoloka ndi American Bulldog, English Mastiff, adathandizira kupanga mastiff waku Argentina.
Monga mitundu yambiri yamasiku ano, Great Dane sigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pazolinga zake. Lero ndi galu mnzake wokha, wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa chofatsa. Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri posaka ndi kuyang'anira, nthawi zambiri ngati agalu achire, agalu owongolera.
Ngakhale kukula kwake, kutchuka kwa mtunduwo ndikwabwino. Chifukwa chake mu 2011 Great Dane adakhala m'malo mwa 19 mwa mitundu 173 yolembetsedwa ku AKC.
Kufotokozera
Great Dane ndi amodzi mwamitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri; kukula kwakukulu, masewera othamanga, nthawi zambiri mtundu wabwino, mawonekedwe achifumu. Iwo ndiabwino kwambiri kuti Great Danes amatchedwa Apollo pakati pa agalu.
Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yayitali kwambiri padziko lapansi, ngakhale kuti ili yotsika pang'ono pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina ikuluikulu.
Chowonadi ndichakuti anali Great Dane yemwe amatchedwa wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi kwazaka zingapo motsatizana.
Pafupifupi, amuna amafika masentimita 76-91 atafota, koma palinso masentimita opitilira 100. Zipinimbira ndizochepa pang'ono ndipo zimafikira masentimita 71-86. ...
A Great Danie amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamitundu yayitali kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mbiri yomaliza idakhazikitsidwa ndi galu wotchedwa Zeus, yemwe adafikira masentimita 112 atafota, ndipo adayimirira pamapazi ake akumbuyo masentimita 226. Tsoka ilo, adangotsimikizira ziwerengero zomvetsa chisoni za mtunduwo ndipo adamwalira mchaka chachisanu cha moyo mu Seputembara 2014.
Ngakhale kukula kwawo kwakukulu, ma mastiff adakulungidwa mwabwino. Mtundu woyenera ndiwokhazikika pakati pa mphamvu ndi masewera, okhala ndi magawo ofanana. Ngakhale kuti lero ndi galu mnzake, sinataye mphamvu ndi kulimba mtima komwe kumakhalapo agalu ogwira ntchito.
Zala zawo ndizazitali komanso zolimba, zimatha kufananizidwa ndi mitengo yaying'ono. Mchira ndi wautali wautali, wopendekera pansi pakakhala bata.
Mutu ndi pakamwa pa Great Dane ndizodziwika ndi a Molossians onse, koma ndiwotalika kwambiri komanso ocheperako.
Pamodzi ndi kukula, mtundu woyenera wamutu umawerengedwa kuti ndiwosiyana ndi mtunduwo ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuchita nawo ziwonetsero za agalu. Chigoba chake chimakhala chosalala pamwamba ndi chamakona atatu, kutalika kwa mphukira ndikofanana ndi kutalika kwa chigaza.
Pakamwa pakamwa sikutalika kokha, komanso m'lifupi, kupereka mawonekedwe apakati. Ambiri aku Danes amakhala ndi milomo yothima koma yowuma, ngakhale malovu ena nthawi zonse.
Mphuno yabwino ndi yakuda, koma imatha kupangidwanso pang'ono, kutengera mtundu.
Makutu mwamwambo adadulidwa, amatenga mawonekedwe. Amakhulupirira kuti galu amamva bwino motere, koma masiku ano miyezo ikuwonetsa makutu achilengedwe, ogwera. Komanso, m'maiko ambiri, malamulo amaletsa kuchita izi.
Maso ndi apakatikati kukula, mawonekedwe a amondi. Makonda amdima, koma maso owala ndiolandilidwa ndi agalu abuluu.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, cholimba, chakuda, chowala bwino. Ma Great Danes amabwera m'mitundu isanu ndi umodzi: fawn, brindle, tabby (yoyera ndi mawanga akuda kapena harlequin), yakuda ndi yamtambo.
Great Dane amatha kubadwa mu mitundu ina, kuphatikiza: chokoleti, choyera-choyera, merle. Agaluwa saloledwa kutenga nawo mbali pazowonetsa, komabe ndi ziweto zabwino kwambiri.
Khalidwe
Ma Great Danes ndi otchuka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino komanso chifukwa chofewa komanso mwachikondi. Odziwika kuti zimphona zofewa, akhala anzawo ogwirizana ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Mitunduyi imakhala yolumikizana mwamphamvu ndi banja lomwe amakhala okhulupirika komanso odzipereka.
Mbali yaziphatikizi ndizolakalaka kukhala ndi banja nthawi zonse, ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti galuyo amagwa pakukhumudwa.
Ichi ndi chitsanzo chapamwamba kwambiri cha galu wamkulu yemwe amaganiza kuti akhoza kugona pamiyendo ya mwini wake. Izi ndizovuta galu akamalemera makilogalamu 90 kapena kupitilira apo.
Wopangidwa bwino, Great Dane ndiwosamala kwambiri komanso wofatsa kwa ana. Komabe, kwa ana ang'onoang'ono, madera omwe amakhala ndi ana a Great Dane amatha kumavulaza. Chifukwa chake ali olimba komanso olimba ndipo amatha kugwetsa mwana mosazindikira. Komabe, agalu akuluakulu amathanso kusokonekera, chifukwa chake musasiye ana anu osasamalidwa!
Agalu osiyanasiyana amachita kwa alendo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Akamagwirizana moyenera, ambiri amakhala aulemu komanso odekha, komabe, mizere ina ingawoneke ngati alendo ngati chowopseza. Kupsa mtima kwa anthu ndi kwachilendo pamtunduwu, koma kumatha kukhala koopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula ndi mphamvu ya galu.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti mayanjano ndi maphunziro akhale ofunikira kwambiri. Ambiri (koma osati onse) Akuluakulu aku Dani ndi agalu olondera mosamala, akumakonkha kwa munthu yemwe sakumudziwa.
Ngakhale kuti sali achiwawa kwambiri, ataphunzitsidwa bwino amatha kugwira ntchito ngati alonda.
Amamvetsetsa pamene abale awo ali pachiwopsezo chakuthupi, ndipo galu wokwiya si galu yemwe akufuna kukumana naye pakadali pano.
Ponena za kuphunzitsa, uwu si mtundu wovuta kwambiri, komanso osati mtundu wosavuta kwambiri. Nzeru zawo zili pamwambapa ndipo agalu ambiri amafuna kusangalatsa eni ake.
Oimira mtunduwo amachita bwino m'makalasi monga kulimba mtima ndi kumvera. Komabe, amatha kukhala ouma khosi ndikunyalanyaza malamulo.
Galu akaganiza kuti sangachite chilichonse, ndiye kuti palibe chowopseza kapena zakudya zabwino zomwe zingathandize. Nthawi zambiri, samachita bwino akaphunzitsidwa mwankhanza ndipo amakhala bwino pakulimbikitsa.
Zidzakhala zomveka kunena kuti denga la Great Dane pophunzitsira ndilotsika kwambiri kuposa la M'busa yemweyu waku Germany, ndipo potengera luntha, iwo ndi agalu omwe ali ndi kuthekera kophunzira.
Uwu si mtundu wopambana, koma amatenga ulamuliro akapatsidwa mwayi. Eni ake akuyenera kukhala patsogolo paudindo wawo kuti apewe chisokonezo.
Ngakhale kuti poyambirira inali kusaka ndi mtundu wa ntchito, zaka zambiri zakubala mosiyanasiyana zasintha kukhala mnzake. Ambiri a Great Danies ali ndi mphamvu zochepa ndipo adzakhala osangalala ndi kuyenda kwa mphindi 30-45 tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi mbatata zamphasa, zomwe zimatha kunama tsiku lonse.
Izi zimabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka ngati galu salandira masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa ntchito kumatha kubweretsa machitidwe owononga: kuwononga, kukuwa kosatha, kusakhazikika.
Ntchito ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri polera ana agalu, chifukwa kuchita mopitilira muyeso kumatha kubweretsa zovuta zamalumikizidwe ndi mafupa, ndipo mutadyetsa kwambiri, ngakhale kupha galu.
Nthawi yomweyo, mizere ina ya Great Danies ikufunikirabe ntchito yayikulu, koma iyi ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka. Koma ena onse ali ndi mafupa ofooka komanso mavuto ena ndi mafupa a mafupa, sangathe kuthamangira kuzungulira chigawochi.
Great Dane imakula pang'onopang'ono ndikukhwima mochedwa. Amatha kuganiziridwa kuti adapangidwa ndi chaka chachitatu chamoyo, mwakuthupi komanso mwamaganizidwe.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mpaka zaka zitatu mudzakhala ndi mwana wagalu wamkulu wa Great Dane.
Okhala nawo akuyenera kumvetsetsa kuti zochita zonse za mastiff zimalimbikitsidwa ndi kukula kwake. Makungwawo ndi okwera komanso akuya, mpaka kubangula kwakumva.
Mchira ukugwedezeka uli ngati kumenya chikwapu. Mwana wagalu oluma mwendo wapampando amapanga theka lake mumphindi zochepa.
Zophwanya zilizonse zazing'ono zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mukasankha kugula Great Dane, ganizirani mozama zomwe mungasankhe.
Mwina mukufuna galu wocheperako?
Chisamaliro
Agalu safunafuna kudzikongoletsa, safuna thandizo la wokonzekeretsa waluso. Kupukuta nthawi zonse ndikwanira, ingokumbukirani kuti kumawononga nthawi chifukwa cha kukula kwa galu.
Ngakhale adakhetsa pang'ono, chifukwa cha malaya akulu, pali zambiri ndipo zimatha kuphimba chilichonse mnyumbamo.
Kuphatikiza apo, sitepe iliyonse ya kudzikongoletsa imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mitundu ina.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzolitsa mwana wagalu kudzikongoletsa kuyambira masiku oyamba amoyo, apo ayi mutha kuyika galu yemwe amalemera makilogalamu 90 ndipo sakonda kudulidwa.
Zaumoyo
Great Dane imawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wopanda thanzi. Amadwala matenda ambiri ndipo nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi moyo ndi imodzi mwazifupikitsa pakati pa mitundu yayikulu. Amakhala ndi metabolism yocheperako komanso mphamvu zochepa.
Amakhala ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 5-8 ndipo agalu ochepa amakhala ndi zaka 10. Obereketsa osasamala ndi omwe amachititsa mavuto azaumoyo, pofunafuna phindu, afooketsa mtunduwo.
Mliri wamtunduwu ndi volvulus, womwe umapha 1/3 mpaka 1/2 Great Danes. Pakati pa mitundu yomwe imakonda volvulus, imakhala yoyamba. Zimadziwonetsera pomwe ziwalo zamkati zimazungulira mozungulira ndikutsogolera ku zotsatira zoyipa ndikufa kwa galu. Popanda kuchitidwa opaleshoni mwachangu, galuyo akhoza kufa. Great Dane wathanzi atha kumwalira mkati mwa maola ochepa ngati sabweretsedwa kwa owona zanyama ndikuikidwa patebulo logwirira ntchito.
Zomwe zimayambitsa volvulus sizimveka bwino, koma agalu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu komanso chakuya adadziwika kuti azikonzekera. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya kwambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo chochitika.
Sikoyenera kuyenda galu mukangomaliza kudyetsa, ndipo ndibwino kuti mupatse chakudya chokha pamagawo ang'onoang'ono kangapo patsiku.
Mosiyana ndi agalu wamba, Great Danes ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri kusamalira. Amafuna chakudya chambiri, malo ambiri, zoseweretsa zazikulu, komanso chidwi. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunikira mankhwala ochulukirapo komanso mankhwala oletsa ululu pakamalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, ndipo chifukwa chodwaladwala, amafunikira kukayendera pafupipafupi kwa veterinarian.
Eni ake akuyenera kulingalira mozama ngati angathe kugula galu woteroyo.
