Khonde la Julie (Corydoras julii, mawu ofanana: Khonde la Julia, njira ya Julia) ndi woimira mtunduwo - wamtendere, wokonda kucheza, wodziwika bwino.
Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi mupeza komwe akukhala, ndizovuta bwanji kumusunga, momwe tingamusungire moyenera, momwe tingamudyetsere, ndi oyandikana nawo omwe angasankhe komanso momwe angasungire.
Kukhala m'chilengedwe
Malo ake ndi North-East Brazil. Native kumtsinje wam'mbali mwa nyanja kumwera kwa Amazon Delta ku zigawo za Piaui, Maranhao, Para ndi Amapa.
Wapezeka mumtsinje wa Guama (kuphatikiza mitsinje monga Rio Ararandeua), Maracana, Morsego, Parnaiba, Piria, Kaete, Turiasu ndi Mearim. Amapezeka mumitsinje ing'onoing'ono, mitsinje, nkhalango ndi mitsinje ina m'nkhalango.
Lili ndi dzina lake polemekeza munthu yemwe sanadziwike kuti ndi ndani.
Khonde la Julie nthawi zambiri limasokonezedwa ndi khonde la kambuku kapena trilineatus, chifukwa kunja kwake nsombazi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi khonde lina - Corydoras trilineatus. Mtunduwu umakhala kumtunda kwa Amazon, mopitilira pang'ono pang'ono.
Kuchuluka komanso kufunika kwa nsombazi kwapangitsa kuti ngakhale ogulitsa nthawi zambiri sanganene motsimikiza zomwe akugulitsa. Komabe, mutha kuwalekanitsa.
C. julii ali ndi mzere umodzi wotsatira, pomwe C. trilineatus amakhala ndi angapo, ndipo amatchulidwa kwambiri. Palinso zosiyana, koma ndi akatswiri okha omwe amatha kuziwona.
Kufotokozera
Julie ndi umodzi mwamakhonde owoneka bwino chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanayo. Thupilo ndi loyera-imvi, pafupi ndi mtundu wa minyanga ya njovu, ndipo timadontho tating'onoting'ono takuda ndi mizere ya wavy timamwazikana. Pali mfundo zolumikizira pamzere wotsatira, ndikupanga mzere wakuda womwe umafikira kumchira. Pali malo akuda kumapeto kwa dorsal fin, ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yoyera kumapeto kwa caudal.
Palibe madontho pamimba, ndikuwala. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ndevu pakamwa.
Nsombazo zimakula mpaka masentimita 7 kukula, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono, pafupifupi masentimita 5. Nthawi yokhala ndi moyo ndi zaka 5-10, kutengera momwe akumangidwa.
Zovuta zazomwe zilipo
Yamtendere, yophunzira komanso nsomba zazing'ono. Komabe, oyamba kumene amayenera kuyesera mitundu yawo yosavuta yosanja - yamawangamawanga ndi agolide.
Kusunga mu aquarium
Monga makonde ambiri, Julie's catfish ndi amtendere komanso abwino kwa malo ambiri okhala m'madzi. Komabe, iyeneranso kusungidwa kusukulu kokha, ndipo kukula kwa sukuluyi, ndi komwe nsombazo zimakhalira bwino komanso machitidwe awo amakhala achilengedwe.
Kuchuluka kotsimikizika ndi anthu 6-8.
Chimodzi mwazofunikira pakukonza bwino ndi mchenga wosakhazikika, miyala yoyera. Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zamatchire zimangoyenderera pansi, kufunafuna tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo. Amagwiritsa ntchito tinyanga tawo tofa nato posaka, ndipo ngati nthaka ndi yayikulu kapena yakuthwa, ndiye kuti tinyanga timavulazidwa.
Mchenga wabwino mpaka sing'anga ndi wabwino, koma miyala yoyera kapena basalt idzachita. Ngakhale mbewu sizofunikira kuti zisungidwe bwino, kupezeka kwawo kumapangitsa kuti nyanjayi ikhale yowoneka bwino ndikupanga malo ogona a mphamba.
Komabe, pamodzi ndi chomeracho, mutha ndipo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yolowerera ndi masamba akugwa amitengo. Ndi m'mikhalidwe yotere yomwe makonde a Julie amakhala mwachilengedwe.
Amakonda kuyenda pang'ono komanso madzi oyera. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yakunja, koma zamkati ndizoyeneranso pang'ono.
Magawo abwino amadzi: 22-26 ° C, dGH 2-25 °, pH 6.0-8.0.
Kudyetsa
Makonde onse ndi omnivorous, akudyera pansi. Nthawi zambiri, amadya chakudya chomira bwino (makamaka chomwe chimapangidwira nsomba zamtchire), chakudya chamoyo ndi chachisanu (monga tubifex), ndi mapiritsi azitsamba.
Kudyetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya ndichinsinsi cha nsomba zathanzi komanso zazikulu. Mulimonsemo simungadalire kuti makonde a Julie ndi owononga ndipo amakhala ndi chiyembekezo choti sanapeze nsomba zina.
Nsombazi zimafunikira kudyetsedwa mokwanira, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zimapeza chakudya chokwanira, makamaka ngati muli ndi nsomba zambiri zomwe zimakhala mkatikati mwa madzi.
Ngakhale
Yogwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zazing'ono zambiri ndi nsomba zina. Zitha kusungidwa ndi zebrafish, rasbora, Ramirezi wamfupi, ngakhale zipsera. Nsomba zazikulu zokha komanso zoopsa ziyenera kupewedwa.
Kusiyana kogonana
Mkaziyo ndi wokulirapo kuposa wamphongo, kuphatikiza apo, ali wodzaza m'mimba, zomwe zimawoneka ngati mutayang'ana nsomba kuchokera pamwamba.
Kuswana
Zofanana ndi kuswana makonde ambiri.
Pamalo oberekera, amuna awiri kapena atatu amayikidwa pa mkazi aliyense. Mkazi atakhala wonenepa kuchokera m'mazira, amasintha madzi ambiri (50-70%) kuti akhale ozizira kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kuwonongeka kwa madzi mumtsinjewo.
Ngati kubereka sikunayambike, njirayi imabwerezedwa. Mkazi amaikira mazira pazomera ndi galasi la aquarium, pambuyo pake amunawo amamuphatikiza. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa nayiloni, womwe ndiosavuta kusonkhanitsa ndikusamutsa mazira kupita ku aquarium ina.
Pambuyo pobala, opanga amafunika kuchotsedwa, ndipo mazirawo ayenera kupita ku aquarium ina. Madzi omwe ali m'nyanjayi akuyenera kukhala ofanana ndi madzi akusambira.
Odyetsa ambiri amawonjezera madontho ochepa a methylene buluu m'madzi kuti ateteze tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kupewa bowa.
Makulitsidwe amatha masiku 3-4 ndipo mphutsi ikangomaliza kudya yolk sac ndi mwachangu, imatha kudyetsedwa ndi microworm, brine shrimp nauplii ndi chakudya chamagetsi.
Malek amafuna madzi oyera kwambiri, koma samatengeka ndi matenda ngati mutayika mchenga pansi.
