Pakadali pano, nyama zamasiku ano zimaphatikizaponso mitundu ingapo yamagetsi, koma yambiri idatayika pakusintha. Komabe, ngakhale ambiri a ma marsupial atatha, ma possum ena adasinthirako mikhalidwe yatsopano ndipo pakadali pano ndi mtundu wopambana. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwawo kuli makamaka kumaiko aku America, kumpoto kwake ndi kumwera. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mwa mitundu ina, chikwama chachikopa chataya magwiridwe antchito pakusintha.
Kufotokozera
A possum ndi nyama yaying'ono yam'madzi yomwe imawoneka ngati mbewa.... Oimira oyamba amtunduwu adawoneka munthawi ya Cretaceous, ndiye kuti, pafupifupi zaka 100 miliyoni zapitazo, ndipo sanasinthe kwambiri kuyambira pamenepo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kukula kwa mwamuna wamkulu kumafika masentimita 60, mkaziyo ndi wocheperako, pafupifupi masentimita 50-55. Izi zimagwira ntchito ku mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, mitundu yaying'ono imatha kukhala masentimita 15-20 iliyonse ndipo imalemera magalamu 50 mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri.
Pakamwa pa nyamazi ndizotalika, mchira nthawi zambiri sumaphimbidwa ndi ubweya wa nkhosa, ndikuthinana kwamafuta pansi, ndipo umakhala ndi cholinga chenicheni: mothandizidwa nayo, nyamayo imagwira nthambizo ikamadutsa mumitengo, ndikugwiritsanso nthawi yogona masana. Thupi la possum limakutidwa ndi ubweya waufupi, wakuda, wandiweyani. Mtundu wake ndiwosiyana kwambiri ndipo umatha kukhala wowala mpaka wakuda, zimatengera malo okhala ndi mitundu. Miyendo yakutsogolo yatukuka kwambiri kuposa yakumbuyo; pali zikhadabo zisanu zakuthwa kumapeto kwa miyendo.
Ma possum onse amagwira ntchito usiku, masana amagona mumitengo kapena m'mabowola. Kapangidwe ka nsagwada kumalankhula za kutha kwa possum, ali ndi mano 50, pomwe ma canine anayi. Kutalika kwa moyo wamtundu wakuthengo kumatha kufikira zaka 5, mu ukapolo ndikusamalidwa bwino ndikudya mpaka zaka 7 kapena kupitilira apo. Chitetezo cha nyama izi ndichosangalatsa, chikuyenera chisamaliro chapadera. Mwachilengedwe, possum ndi yoopsa kwambiri ndipo ngati ili pachiwopsezo imanamizira kuti yakufa, ili bondo, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi glands wapadera imatulutsa kununkhira kosasangalatsa komwe kumafanana ndi fungo la thupi lowola. Chilombocho, chinkapopera, nthawi zambiri chimachoka. Pambuyo pake, nyamayo "imatsitsimutsa" nthawi yomweyo ndikuthawa. Ndiyenera kunena kuti njirayi imabweretsa kupambana kuti mitunduyi ipulumuke. Komanso nyama izi - mitu yabwino yogona, amatha kugona mpaka maola 19 patsiku.
Chikhalidwe
Malinga ndi asayansi, m'nthawi zamakedzana, nyamazi zinali zofala kwambiri ku Europe masiku ano, monga umboni wazofukula za akatswiri ofufuza zakale. Possums tsopano akutukuka kwambiri ku New World.... Madzi oundana komanso kuzizira komwe kumakhudzana ndi nyengo zakhudza madera osachepera ku Europe. Ma possum omwe amapezeka kwambiri ali Kumpoto ndi South America, Argentina, koma posachedwapa akhala akuyendera madera akumpoto kwambiri. Amakhalanso kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Canada komanso ku Lesser Antilles.
Possums amakhala m'nkhalango zamitundumitundu, zitunda komanso ngakhale zipululu. Amatha kupezeka m'malo athyathyathya komanso m'mapiri ataliatali mpaka mamita 4000. Pali mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi moyo wam'madzi wam'madzi, ikukhazikika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, ndikupanga maenje m'mapanga a mitengo. Koma ambiri aiwo amakhala ndi moyo wapamwamba kapena wapadziko lapansi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pali ma possum omwe amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba ya munthu, koma nthawi zambiri amapewa kulumikizana ndi anthu.
Chakudya
Opossum ndi omnivores ndi zakudya zawo.... Amadyetsa tizilombo, mizu yosiyanasiyana, zipatso ndi zipatso, samakonda kupita kukasaka kwenikweni, koma izi ndizofanana ndi mitundu ikuluikulu. Abuluzi, makoswe monga mbewa, makoswe komanso akalulu amatha kukhala ngati zinthu zosaka.
Mwambiri, chakudya chimadalira mtundu wa ma possum komanso moyo wawo. Palinso zowoneka m'madzi, zimadyetsa makamaka nsomba, nthawi zina zimatha kusaka achule ndi njoka zazing'ono zamadzi. M'nthawi ya njala, milandu yakudya anzawo siachilendo. Nyamazi zimakhala ndi chilakolako chabwino, koma sizokhudza kususuka kwawo, koma kuti ma opossum motero amapanga mafuta osungira nthawi "zovuta".
Mukasunga nyamayo ngati chiweto, mutha kuyidyetsa ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nkhuku ndi mazira. Nthawi zambiri, ndizotheka kupatsa chakudya choyenera amphaka, koma izi siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
Kubereka
Opossum amakhala moyo wawokha... Komabe, nthawi yokwatirana, amapanga awiriawiri, koma sizikhala motalika. Nyengo ikakwerana, yomwe imatha kuyambira Disembala mpaka Januware, nyamazo zimasokeranso. Opossums ndi nyama zochuluka kwambiri. Mimba mwa akazi ndi yaifupi kwambiri ndipo imangokhala masiku 20-25, m'mitundu yaying'ono mimba imatha kukhala masiku 15 okha, kuyambira ana 8 mpaka 15 amabadwa m'zinyalala, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kufikira 25. Amphaka amabadwa osasinthidwa kwathunthu amakhala kwambiri ngati mazira, pafupifupi kukula kwa njuchi ndipo amalemera magalamu awiri mpaka asanu.
Ndizosangalatsa!Nthawi yodyetsa ana mkaka ndiyotalika ndipo imatha masiku 100. Munthawi imeneyi, ma possum ang'onoang'ono akutukuka ndikukula. Pakadutsa miyezi iwiri, pang'onopang'ono amakhala okutidwa ndi tsitsi ndipo maso awo amatseguka.
Pambuyo pake, amatha kusinthana ndi chakudya cha achikulire. Kukula msinkhu kumachitika pakatha miyezi 6-8 mwa akazi ndi abambo. Mitundu ina ya opossum imanyamula ana m'thumba, koma ambiri a iwo alibe ndipo chifukwa chake akazi amanyamula ana awo kumbuyo kwawo.
Mitundu ya Opossum
Tiyeni tilembere ena mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma possum. Onse ndiosiyana m'moyo, kukula, zakudya ndi malo okhala.
Possum wamba
Wotchuka kwambiri kuposa onse. Iyi ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya chinyama ichi, imatha kufikira kukula kwa mphaka woweta ndikulemera mpaka 6 kilogalamu. Koma monga lamulo, kulemera kwanthawi zonse ndi makilogalamu 4.5-5. Amakhala m'nkhalango, makamaka pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Amadyetsa chimanga, abuluzi ang'onoang'ono, tizilombo, bowa. Amadya nyama yowonongeka nthawi zambiri.
Verginsky possum
Ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri yolemera mpaka 6 kilogalamu. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, koma amapezeka m'mapiri. Amadyetsa makoswe ang'onoang'ono, mbalame, mabwinja. Atha kumenya bwino akalulu achichepere.
Phunziro la madzi
Amakhala moyo wam'madzi. Amadyetsa nsomba, crayfish ndi shrimp zamadzi, nthawi zina zipatso. Imagwira chakudya ndi mawoko ake akutsogolo akuyandama. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, ma possum amenewa amabereka ana angapo, kuyambira 1 mpaka 6, pomwe ena amakhala ndi ana 8 mpaka 20.
Mbewa possum
Ichi ndi chinyama chaching'ono mpaka masentimita 15 kukula kwake. Amakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri kumtunda mpaka 2500 mita. Amadyetsa tizilombo, zipatso ndi mazira a mbalame. Pali ana mpaka 12 pazinyalala.
Oposamu yaimvi
Uwu ndi mtundu wawung'ono kwambiri. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika masentimita 12-16, ndipo kulemera kwake mpaka magalamu 120. Amakhala m'zigwa, makamaka muudzu wotsika kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba ya munthu.
Patagonian possum. Komanso mitundu yaying'ono yamafuta, thupi lake limafika kutalika kwa masentimita 13-15, ndipo limangolemera magalamu 50 okha. Amadyetsa makamaka tizilombo, samakonda mbalame zazing'ono kapena abuluzi.
Zosangalatsa
Oposamu ndi nyama zamanyazi kwambiri... Pangozi iliyonse amathawa kapena amanamizira kuti afa, choncho ndi osavuta kuwapeza. Koma asayansi apeza njira yothetsera izi: kunapezeka kuti nyama izi zimalakalaka mowa. Kuti mugwire possum, muyenera kungoyika mbale ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa panjira za nyama. Adzamwa mosangalala kwambiri ndipo, atatha kusuntha, amatha kusonkhanitsidwa bwino.
Mwa mphamvu zonse, malinga ndi asayansi, nyamazi zimakhala ndi fungo lotukuka kwambiri. Chowonadi china chosangalatsa ndichakuti samveka pafupifupi phokoso lililonse, pokhapokha akamva kuwawa.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya possums ndi nyama zosochera ndipo zilibe gawo lawo lokhalamo momwe amasaka, monganso nyama zina.
Nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ziweto, ngakhale mdziko lathu ndizosowa, chifukwa ndizosunga. Kuphatikiza apo, ubweya wa opossum umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zopangira zovala ndi zovala zamafashoni. Zoona, sizimasiyana pamkhalidwe ndi kulimba kwake, chifukwa chake, sizodziwika.
Possum ngati chiweto
The possum imatha kusungidwa kunyumba ngati chiweto. Koma okonda zachilendo ayenera kukhumudwitsidwa. Izi ndi nyama zoyenda usiku ndipo zidzakhala zovuta kuzoloweretsa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku za munthu. Iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya chatsopano: zipatso, nkhuku, tizilombo, mphutsi. Ndizoletsedwa kupatsa nyama yamafuta, chifukwa amatha kudwala. Ngati muli ndi zingapo zamagulu awiri, ndiye kuti amafunika kuti azisungidwa m'makola osiyana, apo ayi nkhondo ndi mikangano sizingapeweke. Mulimonsemo simuyenera kuwalanga ma possum, chifukwa amatha kuluma kwambiri.
