Mphaka wa Bengal ndi mtanda pakati pa mphaka woweta ndi mphaka wamtchire waku Far East (Latin Prionailurus bengalensis). Kuchokera ku mgwirizano wotere, china chake imvi ndi nondescript sichikanakhoza kutuluka.
Amasiyana pamakhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi zotsuka zomwe amakonda, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti ndiopusa komanso owopsa. Ayi, ndiabwino komanso anzeru, koma atha kukhala olimbikira ngati simupereka zomwe amafunikira.
Osewera, ndi mawu oimba, komabe siabwino kwa munthu aliyense ndikuwunikanso zolimba ndi kuthekera asanagule mphaka. Ndipo kuchokera m'nkhaniyi mupeza zizolowezi zomwe paka iyi ili nayo, maubwino, zovuta, mbiri yakomwe idachokera komanso momwe mungasamalire.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Mphaka wa Bengal ndi chimodzi mwazitsanzo zochepa chabe zosakanizidwa bwino pakati pa mphaka woweta ndi mphaka wamtchire, ndipo akukhulupirira kuti panali zoyesayesa zakuphatikiza nyengoyi koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1960.
Koma, zatsimikiziridwa kuti mbiri ya mtunduwu imayamba mu 1970, pomwe katswiri wazachikazi Jane Mill adatenga nawo gawo pakatsata amphaka angapo omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa chibadwa.
Dr. Willard Centerwall adafufuza chitetezo cha amphaka amtchire, omwe anali amphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti adalimbana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa khansa ya m'magazi.
Adawadutsa ndi amphaka apakhomo, akuphunzira njira zakulandila malowa ndi ana amphaka wamtchire.
Mayeserowa atamalizidwa, Dr. Centerwall sanawononge zinyalala, koma adapeza eni ake a mphakawo. Popeza Jane Mill anali ndi lingaliro lopeza mtundu wosakanizidwa pakati pa mphaka wamtchire ndi woweta, adalandira mosangalala malingaliro a Centerwall.
Kuyambira zinyalala, iye anasankha nyama zomwe zinatengera mawonekedwe amphaka wamtchire, koma nthawi yomweyo adawonetsa chikhalidwe cholekerera, chomwe chimatha kuwetedwa kumapeto.
Dziwani kuti Jane Mill (ndipo panthawiyo akadali Sugden), adayamba kuyesa kuswana amphaka kale ku 1940 ku University of California, Davis, UC Davis, pomwe amaphunzira za majini kumeneko.
Kenako, mu 1961, atapita ku Bangkok, adakumana koyamba ndi amphaka awa ndikuwakonda.
Anabweretsanso imodzi kudziko lakwawo ndipo analandira zinyalala kuchokera kwa iye, anawoloka ndi mphaka woweta, koma chifukwa cha zochitika pamoyo adasokoneza kuyesaku.
Titha kumvetsetsa chidwi chake pomwe tsoka lidamupatsanso mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi chinyama ichi. Pomwe Dr. Centerwall amamuthandiza, sizingafanane ndi mabungwe okonda mphaka.
Nyumba zambiri ndi mabungwe amatsutsana kwambiri ndi kuswana pakati pa amphaka amtchire komanso oweta, ndipo ngakhale pano, bungwe lodziwika bwino monga CFA likukana kulembetsa Bengal. Ngakhale mabungwe ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi adayamba kuzizindikira kuyambira 1980.
Chifukwa chake, Akazi a Mill adapitilizabe kugwira ntchito pamtunduwu, koma ntchitoyi sinali yophweka komanso yosavuta. Amphakawo amafuna kukwatirana ndi amphakawo, ndipo zinyalala zambiri zamphongo zinali zopanda kanthu.
Zabwino zambiri ndi amphaka, amatha kubereka ana athanzi. Pozindikira kuti amphaka a Mau, Burma ndi Abyssinia alibe ma genetics okwanira, Jean anali kufunafuna nyama yoyenera padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndipo mu 1982, adayandikira woyang'anira malo osungira zinyama ku New Delhi (India), yemwe adakopa chidwi cha mphaka wamtchire wapamwamba yemwe amakhala kumalo osungira nyama pafupi ndi zipembere. Anali wamtchire kwathunthu ndipo adatha kupeza zinyalala kuchokera kwa iye ndi amphaka ake a haibridi, zomwe zidalimbikitsa chidwi cha pulogalamuyi.
Mibadwo ya amphaka yawerengedwa: F1, F2, F3 ndipo manambala oyamba amatanthauza kuti mphaka zimapezeka ku mphaka wamtchire ndi amphaka oweta.
Koma, kuyambira m'badwo wachinayi (F4), ndi mphaka wa Bengal yekha ndi mphaka yekha omwe amaloledwa kukhala makolo kuti mtunduwo uzindikiridwe kuti ndiwoyera.
Kuphatikiza apo, mibadwo yoyamba idakwezedwa ndi okonda, chifukwa amphakawa anali asanakhalebe ndi tanthauzo lonselo lanyumba, koma adasungabe mawonekedwe ndi zizolowezi zamtchire. Tsopano ndiwoweta, ochezeka, ziweto zowoneka, komabe nthawi zina amakhala otsutsa mtunduwo. Monga Jane Mill mwiniwake adati:
"Ngati pampikisano amphaka amtundu uliwonse amaluma woweruza, akuti amapanikizika, ndipo ngati athu ataluma, adzanena za magazi akuthengo. Chifukwa chake, athu akuyenera kukhala amphaka odula kwambiri pamipikisano iliyonse. ”
Chiwerengero cha ziweto
Khungu
- Amakhala ndi mawangamawanga kapena opindika, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma imvi kapena bulauni ndimakonda kwambiri. Palinso chipale bengal (maulalo osindikizira), ofiira ofiira, pinki, akuda ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni. Dziwani kuti si onse omwe amadziwika ngati mtundu wa mtundu. Mitundu 5 yomwe ikudziwika pakadali pano, ndipo 6 ikuwunikiridwa.
- Chovalacho si chokulirapo ngati cha amphaka wamba, chofewa kwambiri, komanso chimakhala ngati ubweya wa kalulu.
- Mimba yowonongeka
- Ubwino wapadera wa ubweya ndi mtundu wagolide womwe umanyezimira ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa glitter, kunyezimira kwa malaya, omwe adamupatsira kuchokera kwa makolo achilengedwe.
Mutu
- Makutu ndi ang'ono, ozungulira, mosiyana ndi amphaka abwinobwino, momwe amalozera
- Mumdima, maso a mphaka wa Bengal amawala kwambiri kuposa amphaka wamba. Izi sizinadziwikebe, koma yesetsani kufananiza zithunzi za mitundu iyi.
- Maso ndi akulu, owala kwambiri, amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mpaka safiro
Thupi
- Wapakati kukula kwakukulu, wokhala ndi miyendo yolimba, yamphamvu. Mapepala akulu, ozungulira. Mchira ndi wapakatikati, koma wandiweyani.
- Zimatenga paka mpaka zaka ziwiri kuti zikule bwino.
- Amphaka amalemera makilogalamu 4.5 - 6.8, ndipo amphaka 3.6 - 5.4 kilogalamu. Kutalika kwa moyo wa mphaka wa Bengal ndi zaka 14-16.
- Amalumpha kuposa amphaka wamba ndipo amathamanga bwino.
Kuvota
- Mokweza, imakhala ndimatchulidwe ambiri ndikumveka kuposa amphaka ena
Kufotokozera
Ndi kukongola kwawo, kusinthasintha kwake, ndi utoto wake wowoneka bwino, anyalugwe ang'ono awa ndi chikumbutso chomveka chakuti amphaka anali chilombo zaka 9,500 zapitazo.
Ndipo kuthengo kumeneku sikupatsa anthu mtendere, amayesetsa mobwerezabwereza kupanga mphaka woweta yemwe angafanane ndi wamtchire. Dziweruzeni nokha: Egypt Mau, Ocicat, Pixiebob, Savannah Bengal.
Amapangidwa, othamanga akulu, thupi lawo ndi lalitali, koma osati mtundu wakummawa. Kukula kwa minofu (makamaka amphaka) ndiimodzi mwazinthu zosiyana kwambiri ndi mtunduwo. Miyendo imakhalanso ndi minofu, yayitali kutalika, miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yayitali pang'ono kuposa yakutsogolo.
Khosi ndi lalitali ndipo limawoneka lakuda, koma molingana ndi thupi. Mutu umakhala ngati mphero yosinthidwa, yokhala ndi mizere yozungulira, yayitali kuposa yayitali, ndipo imawoneka yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi thupi.
Maso ndi owulungika, pafupifupi ozungulira, akulu. Mtundu wa diso umatha kuyambira golide, wobiriwira mpaka wabuluu wazolemba. Chuma ndikukula kwake ndikwabwino.
Makutuwo ndi ang'onoang'ono, afupiafupi, otambalala m'munsi komanso ozunguliridwa ndi nsonga, okhala pamphepete mwa mutu.
Chovala chokongoletsera chapakatikati mpaka kutalika, pafupi ndi thupi, wandiweyani, koma modabwitsa ofewa komanso silky. Zolemba zowala zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malaya amkati.
Khalidwe
Chinthu choyamba chomwe chikuwopsyeza anthu, sichowopsa kusunga mphaka wotere? Khazikani mtima pansi, mibadwo yamtsogolo sinachite nkhanza kuposa mphaka wina aliyense.
Mphaka woweta ndimasewera, wokangalika ndipo amakhala mwana wamphaka posamba m'moyo wake wonse. Amateurs akuti amapita kuchipinda ndi maso owala ndikuti: "Ndine pano! Tiyeni tisewere!".
Onjezerani chidwi ichi komanso nzeru, kusakanikirana uku kumakukakamizani kuti muphwanye zoletsa. Ndi anzeru, zomwe sizosadabwitsa, popeza makolo awo amafunikira zoposa zibwano ndi zikhadabo kuti akhale ndi moyo kuthengo.
Amphaka a Bengal amakhala ngati agalu, amabwera akuthamanga mukaitana, kubweretsa zoseweretsa kuti muzisewera nawo ndipo amatha kuphunzira zanzeru.
Nthawi zina amaphunzira zidule zomwe simukuzikonda: momwe mungatsegule zitseko, matepi, kapena kutsuka chimbudzi. Amasewera mpaka ukalamba, amakonda kugwira zomwe zimayenda, ngakhale mbewa zenizeni, ngakhale zopangira.
Ikani izi palimodzi ndipo muli ndi mphaka yemwe amafunika kudziwa zonse zomwe zimachitika mderali, ndikucheza kwambiri. Sachita mantha ndi alendo ndikuphunzira molimba mtima, kununkhiza, kuyesa.
Komabe, simuyenera kuwafikira, atha kuwakanda. Nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kusewera, amakonda kukwera mokweza kwambiri ndipo sakonda kukhala chete.
Koma, amakonda ufulu ndipo sakonda zoletsa. Zitha kukhala ma leashes komanso akatengedwa. Izi sizitanthauza kuti angakugwetseni magazi, ingothamangani akayesera. Zina, amphaka am'nyumba amasiyana mofananira.
Kodi mukuganiza kuti ndizo zonse? Ayi konse. Mphamvu ya makolo achilengedwe ndiyolimba kwambiri kotero kuti amakonda zinthu zomwe amphaka wamba sangayime.
Choyamba, amakonda madzi, monga anyalugwe amtchire (osambira abwino kwambiri) amasewera ndi madzi othamanga kuchokera pampopi. Chachiwiri, amadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kupatula zipatso zina.
Anthu ena amakonda kunyowetsa zikhomo nthawi ndi nthawi, pomwe ena amatha kulumpha m'bafa kapena kusamba. Ndi chochitika chosangalatsa, koma mpaka atatuluka ndikuthamangira nyumba.
Ena atha kumwa madzi mwakuti eni ake amafunika kutseka zimbudzi ndi zimbudzi, apo ayi amatsegula matepi ndikutsuka mbale zakuchimbudzi.
M'nyumbamo, amadziphatika kwa munthu m'modzi, yemwe amamuganizira kuti ndi mwini wake (ngati amphaka amamuwona aliyense ngati mwini wake), koma nthawi yomweyo amacheza ndi mamembala onse, makamaka akaitanira kusewera kapena kudya.
Anzeru, otakataka komanso ofuna kudziwa zambiri, amafunika kulumikizana ndi eni ake, ndipo tsoka kwa iwo omwe sangakwanitse.
Mphaka akatopa, amatha kung'amba zinthu kuti awone zomwe zimapangidwa, kapena kutsegula chitseko chogona kuti adziwe zomwe zimamubisalira. Amakonda kubisa zinthu, choncho ndibwino kuyika zinthu zamtengo wapatali m'malo omwe sangazipeze.
Iwo amakhala chete, koma ngati ayamba kupanga phokoso, sangathe kuchita ndi ma meows osavuta. Mitunduyi imakhala yayikulu, ndipo popita nthawi mudzadziwa paka wanu ali ndi njala, wotopetsa kapena akufuna kuyenda.
Bengal ambiri am'nyumba amakhala bwino ndi nyama zina mnyumba, kuphatikiza agalu.
Ponena za ana, ndibwino kuti iwo akule ndikumvetsetsa nyamayi, ndipo simungayikoke ndi masharubu kapena mchira. Amasewera ndi ana popanda mavuto, koma kuti ndisawazunze.
Dziwani kuti mawonekedwe amphaka ndiawokha, ndipo chiweto chanu chimatha kuchita mwanjira ina. Koma, ndi anzeru, odziyimira pawokha, ochita masewera, ndipo ngati mumamvetsetsana, simudzafunanso mphaka wina.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira
Amphaka a Bengal amasunga mosamala. Uwu ndi mtundu wathanzi, wathupi komanso wamaganizidwe, wamphamvu komanso wopatsa chidwi. Amakonda kukwera, komanso kukwera.
Ndipo pamwamba, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri. Pofuna kuti mipando munyumba isavutike, apatseni cholemba chachikulu.
Akamagwira ntchito kwambiri, amakhala wathanzi komanso wosangalala, ndipo mumapulumutsa misempha yanu. Mutha kuyenda naye mumsewu, azolowera mosavuta leash. Monga tanenera kale, amakonda madzi, kusewera nawo ndipo atha kukhala nanu mukamasamba. Nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosafunika kuwasamba, amakhala oyera kale.
Chovalacho ndi chachifupi, chapamwamba, chopepuka komanso sichikusowa chisamaliro, ndikokwanira kupesa kamodzi pa sabata.
Zosamalira zina zonse ndizoyambira. Chepetsani misomali yanu pafupipafupi, makamaka sabata iliyonse. Ngati makutu akuwoneka akuda, pukutani ndi ubweya wa thonje.
Ndikofunika kutsuka mano anu ndi mankhwala otsukira mkaka ndi kupita ndi khate lanu kwa owona zanyama kuti akakuwoneni pafupipafupi.
Mukangoyamba kutsuka mano, kudula zikhadabo zanu, ndikutsuka mwana wanu wamphongo, zidzakhala zosavuta m'tsogolomu.
Kodi mwaganiza zopeza mtunduwu?
Ndiye malangizowa adzakuthandizani:
- Gulani kokha ku nazale kapena kwawofalitsa odziwika
- Lembani kugula ndi zikalata zanyama
- Yang'anani maso a mphaka, kodi ndi oyera komanso owoneka bwino? Onetsetsani kuti alibe mphuno
- Amphaka sayenera kutengedwa pasanapite nthawi yaitali kuposa masabata 10-12
- Pasapezeke kutsekula m'mimba kapena zizindikiro zake. Yang'anani pansi pa mchira, onetsetsani kuti zonse zili zoyera ndipo palibe kufiira
- Chovalacho chiyenera kukhala chowala, choyera komanso chosakhala ndi mafuta, chitha kukhala chizindikiro chodwala
- Pezani ngati katemera wachitikadi
- Mwana wamphaka ayenera kukhala wokangalika, wosewera komanso wokonda kudziwa. Kuopa pang'ono pamisonkhano ndikwabwino. Pewani kukhala ndi tiana ta mphaka
- Yang'anirani mphaka wina ndi amphaka akuluakulu, amawoneka athanzi komanso otakataka?
- Chipindacho ndi choyera?
- Fufuzani ngati mphalapala ndi zinyalala ndi kudzikongoletsa?
- Chonde fotokozani ngati kuyesa kwa majini kwachitika kuti matenda athe?
Kudyetsa
Amphaka a Bengal ndi nyama zodya nyama; sizowopsa kapena zodyetsa. Kwa zaka zambiri, eni amphaka aiwala izi.
Mukayang'ana chakudya chamalonda, muwona kuti ndi nyama yochepa komanso chimanga, soya, tirigu, mpunga, mbatata.
Popeza mitundu iyi yazakudya zamphaka ndi zaka 50-60 zokha, sizokayikitsa kuti akhoza kukhala ndi nthawi yosandutsa omnivores.
Nanga bwanji pali zigawo zambiri zazomera mmenemo?
Yankho lake ndi losavuta: ndi zotchipa.
- Kodi izi zimapatsa chakudya chokwanira kuti mphaka akhale ndi moyo? Inde.
- Kodi izi zimapatsa chakudya chokwanira kuti mphaka akule bwino? Ayi.
- Kodi njira ina yotani ndi chakudya chamalonda? Zakudya zachilengedwe, nyama ndi nsomba.
Ingopatsani mphaka wanu chakudya chachilengedwe.
Ndizodabwitsa kuti eni ake athedwa nzeru.
Bwanji? Nyama yokha? Ndi yaiwisi? Inde.
Chingakhale chiyani chachilengedwe kwa iye? Kapena mumaganizira kuti zaka 9000 zam'mbuyomu, amphaka amadya zakudya zamzitini zokha komanso chakudya chouma?
Malamulo osavuta odyetsa:
- 80-85% nyama (nkhuku, kalulu, ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, mwanawankhosa, ndi zina zambiri)
- 10-15% mafupa odyedwa (kupatula mafupa a tubular, monga nkhuku, perekani khosi, keel, mafupa)
- 5-10% zakunja (ziwalo zosiyanasiyana zamkati)
- dulani zidutswa zazing'ono za mphaka, ndi zidutswa zazikulu za amphaka akuluakulu
- onetsetsani kuti nyamayo ndi yatsopano, ingotengani kwa ogulitsa odalirika
- amphaka ambiri amakonda nyama yotentha kapena kutentha
- mutha kuperekanso nsomba, mazira, kefir, kirimu ndi zakudya zina zomwe khate lanu limakonda
Ponena za chakudya cha mphaka, kuphatikiza chakudya chouma, mutha kungowadyetsa, koma chakudya chotere sichikhala chomwe chiweto chanu chimafunikira.
Sakanizani chakudya chanu ndipo Bengal yanu ikula, yokongola komanso yathanzi.
Zaumoyo
Monga amphaka onse ochokera ku nyama zamtchire, amphaka a Bengal amadziwika ndi thanzi labwino komanso chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20.
Alibe matenda obadwa nawo obadwa nawo omwe mitundu ya haibridi imavutika nayo.
Onetsetsani kuti mphaka wanu ndi wa m'badwo wa F3-F4 musanagule, popeza mibadwo yoyamba ili yofanana kwambiri ndi mphaka wamtchire ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuwongolera.
Ndizovuta, mwinanso zosatheka, kukumana ndi amphaka amibadwo yoyambirira m'malo athu, ndipo mulibe nkhawa.
