Mkango waku Africa (Panthera leo) ndi nyama yodya nyama kuchokera pagulu la amphaka, ndi am'banja lamphaka, ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi mphaka wamkulu padziko lonse lapansi. M'zaka za zana la 19 ndi 20, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kunatsika kwambiri chifukwa cha zochita za anthu. Pokhala opanda adani enieni m'malo awo, mikango ikuwonongedwa nthawi zonse ndi ozembetsa ndi okonda safari.
Kufotokozera
Ngakhale ndizovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa oimira amuna kapena akazi osiyanasiyana munyama zina, mkango, kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kumawonekera ndi maso. Chachimuna kuchokera chachikazi chimasiyanitsidwa osati kokha ndi kukula kwa thupi, komanso ndi mane wamkulu kuzungulira mutu.
Oimira mawonekedwe ofooka alibe zokongoletsa zotere, asayansi amaganiza izi ndikuti ndi mayi yemwe amatenga gawo la wopezera chakudya komanso zomera zazitali pakhungu sizingamuloleze kuzembera pa zolengedwa zamoyo muudzu wandiweyani.
Mikango yaku Africa imadziwika kuti ndi yolemera pakati pama feline, kulemera kwake kwamphongo kumatha kufika 250 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala mpaka 4 m ndi mchira mpaka 3 m popanda. Amphaka ang'onoang'ono - amalemera mpaka 180 kg, ndipo kutalika kwa thupi sikupitilira 3 mita.
Thupi la mfumu iyi ya nyama ndiyolimba komanso yolimba ndi minofu yamphamvu yomwe imayenda pansi pakhungu. Mtundu wa chofunda chofupikiracho chimakhala chamchenga wachikasu kapena kirimu. Mikango ikuluikulu pamutu pawo imavala utoto wapamwamba wamtundu wakuda, wofiyira wokhala ndi zilembo zakuda, zomwe zimatsika pa korona ndikuphimba mbali ina ya msana ndi chifuwa. Wamphongo wamwamuna ndi wamkulu, tsitsi lake limakhala lokulirapo; ana aamuna a mikango aang'ono alibe zokongoletsa zotere konse. Makutu a mikango aku Africa ndi ochepa komanso ozungulira; asanafike msinkhu, mphonda zimakhala ndi madontho owoneka bwino. Mchira ndi wautali komanso wosalala bwino, koma kumapeto kwake kokha kuli burashi lofewa.
Chikhalidwe
Kalelo, mikango imapezeka m'makontinenti onse apadziko lapansi, panthawiyi, madera ena okha ndi omwe angadzitamande chifukwa chokhala ndi mwamuna wowoneka bwinoyu. Ngati mikango yoyambilira ku Africa idafalikira ku Africa konse komanso Asia, tsopano aku Asia amapezeka ku Indian Gujarat, komwe nyengo ndi udzu ndizoyenera, kuchuluka kwawo sikupitilira anthu 523. Anthu aku Africa adangotsala ku Burkina Faso ndi Congo, kulibe oposa 2,000 a iwo.
Moyo
Kuchokera kwa oimira mitundu ina yamphongo, mikango imasiyanitsidwa ndi mafuko: amakhala m'mabanja akulu kwambiri - kunyada komwe kumapangidwa ndi anthu angapo, momwe amuna amodzi kapena awiri amatenga gawo lalikulu. Anthu ena onse m'banjamo ndi akazi ndi ana.
Hafu yamphamvu yonyada imasewera ngati oteteza, amathamangitsa amuna ena kubanja lawo omwe sanakhale ndi nthawi yopeza azimayi awo. Nkhondoyo ikupitilira, amuna ofooka kapena nyama zazing'ono sizisiya kuyesa kumenya akazi a anthu ena. Mlendo akapambana pankhondoyi, amapha ana a mkango onse kuti zazikazi zikonzekere kuswana ndi kuberekana msanga.
Kunyada kulikonse, gawo linalake limaperekedwa, ndi kutalika kwa ma kilomita angapo. Madzulo aliwonse mtsogoleri amadziwitsa oyandikana nawo za kupezeka kwa mwini m'derali ndikubangula komanso kubangula, komwe kumamveka patali ma 8-9 km.
Ana a mikango ikakula ndipo safuna chisamaliro chowonjezerapo, pafupifupi zaka zitatu, abambo awo amawathamangitsa m'banja lawo. Sayenera kusiya mabanja awo, komanso gawo lonse la kusaka. Amuna aakazi nthawi zonse amakhala ndi abale awo ndipo amatetezedwa ndi kugonana kwamphamvu ngati mtengo waukulu kwambiri.
Kubereka
Nthawi ya estrus ya ma tigress a banja limodzi imayamba nthawi imodzi. Izi sizongokhala zachilengedwe zokha, komanso chofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amatenga pakati ndikunyamula ana masiku 100-110. Mwanawankhosa mmodzi, makanda 3-5 mpaka 30 cm amapezeka nthawi imodzi, amayi amawakonzera kuti agone m'ming'alu pakati pamiyala kapena miyala - izi zimawathandiza kuti ateteze adani onse komanso dzuwa lotentha.
Kwa miyezi ingapo, amayi achichepere omwe ali ndi ana amakhala mosiyana ndi ena onse. Amagwirizana ndipo amasamalira limodzi ndi mphaka wawo. Pakusaka, mikango yambiri yamphongo imachoka pachiwombankhanga, ndi akazi ochepa okha omwe amatenga nawo gawo posamalira ana: ndi omwe amadyetsa ndi kuteteza ana a mkango nthawi imodzi.
Nthawi yayitali yamikango yaku Africa yachilengedwe imakhala mpaka zaka 15-17, mu ukapolo imatha mpaka 30.
Zakudya zabwino
Chakudya chachikulu cha mikango yaku Africa ndi nyama zokhala ndi ziboda zogawanika zomwe zimakhala mdera lalikulu la savannah: ma llamas, mbidzi, antelopes. Nthawi ya njala, amatha kusokoneza moyo wa mvuu, ngakhale kuli kovuta kuwagonjetsa ndipo nyama siimasiyana mosiyanasiyana; musanyoze makoswe ndi njoka.
Amuna aakazi okha ndi omwe amadya monyadira, amuna samachita nawo kusaka ndipo amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yonse yopuma patchuthi, makamaka pansi pa zisoti za mitengo. Mikango yokhayo yomwe imatha kukhala ndi chakudya payokha, ndiyeno njala ikatha kugundika mokwanira. Akaziwo amapereka chakudya kwa abambo a mabanja. Mpaka pomwe wamwamuna adye, ana ndi akazi samakhudza masewerawa ndikukhutira ndi zotsalira za phwandolo.
Mkango uliwonse waku Africa ukufunika kudya nyama yokwana makilogalamu 7 patsiku, choncho akazi nthawi zonse amasaka limodzi. Amasaka nyama, kuwathamangitsa, kuwathamangitsa pagulu ndikuzungulira. Amatha kuthamangitsa panthawiyi mpaka 80 km / h, ngakhale amayenda mtunda wochepa chabe. Maulendo ataliatali ndi owopsa kwa mikango, chifukwa mitima yawo ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo sangathe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu.
Zosangalatsa
- Ku Igupto wakale, mkango unkatengedwa ngati mulungu ndipo unkasungidwa m'mahema ndi nyumba zachifumu monga alonda;
- Pali mikango yoyera, koma iyi siinayi, koma ndi kusintha kwa majini, anthu otere samakhala kuthengo ndipo nthawi zambiri amasungidwa m'malo osungidwa;
- Kukhalapo kwa mikango yakuda sikunatsimikizidwe mwasayansi.
