Galapagos (Chelonoidis elephantopus) - nthumwi ya gulu la zokwawa, kamba wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi amene alipo pano padziko lapansi, yemwenso amadziwika kuti njovu. Ndi m'bale wake yekha, kamba wachikopa, yemwe amatha kupikisana nawo. Chifukwa cha ntchito za anthu komanso kusintha kwa nyengo, kuchuluka kwa zimphona izi kwatsika kwambiri, ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi.
Kufotokozera
Fulu ya Galapagos imadabwitsa aliyense ndi kukula kwake, chifukwa kuwona kamba wolemera makilogalamu 300 mpaka 1 mita kutalika ndikofunika kwambiri, chipolopolo chake chimodzi chokha chimafika 1.5 mita m'mimba mwake. Khosi lake ndi laling'ono komanso laling'ono, ndipo mutu wake ndi wawung'ono komanso wozungulira, maso ake ndi amdima komanso atalikirana kwambiri.
Mosiyana ndi akamba ena amitundu ina, omwe miyendo yawo ndi yaifupi kwambiri kotero kuti amayenera kukwawa pamimba pawo, kamba njovu ili ndi miyendo yayitali komanso yayitali, yokutidwa ndi khungu lakuda lakuda ngati mamba, mapazi amatha ndi zala zazifupi zazifupi. Palinso mchira - mwa amuna ndiwotalikirapo kuposa akazi. Kumva sikukuyenda bwino, chifukwa chake samachita bwino adani akafika.
Asayansi adawagawa m'magulu awiri osiyana a morpho:
- ndi chipolopolo cholamulidwa;
- ndi chipolopolo chachishalo.
Mwachilengedwe, kusiyana konse pano kuli ndendende mu mawonekedwe a chipolopolo chomwecho. Zina, zimakwera pamwamba pa thupi ngati chipilala, ndipo chachiwiri, chili pafupi ndi khosi, mawonekedwe achitetezo chachilengedwe amatengera chilengedwe.
Chikhalidwe
Dziko lakwawo la akamba a Galapagos mwachilengedwe ndizilumba za Galapagos, zomwe zimatsukidwa ndi madzi a Pacific Ocean, dzina lawo limamasuliridwa kuti "Chilumba cha akamba." Komanso, Galapagos amapezeka ku Indian Ocean - pachilumba cha Aldabra, koma kumeneko nyama sizimafika kukula kwakukulu.
Akamba a Galapagos amayenera kupulumuka m'malo ovuta kwambiri - chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha pazilumbazi pali masamba ochepa. Pokhala kwawo, amasankha malo otsika ndi malo okhala ndi tchire, amakonda kubisala m'nkhalango pansi pa mitengo. Zimphona zimakonda kusamba matope m'malo mwa madzi; chifukwa cha izi, zolengedwa zokongolazi zimayang'ana mabowo okhala ndi dambo lamadzi ndikuboola kumeneko ndi thupi lawo lonse lakumunsi.
Makhalidwe ndi moyo
Masana onse, zokwawa zimabisala m'nkhalango ndipo sizimasiya malo awo okhala. Kukada usiku ndi pamene amapita kokayenda. Mumdima, akamba amasowa chochita, chifukwa makutu awo ndi masomphenya amachepetsedwa.
M'nthawi yamvula kapena chilala, akamba a ku Galapagos amatha kusamukira kudera lina kupita kwina. Pakadali pano, osungulumwa odziyimira pawokha amasonkhana m'magulu a anthu 20-30, koma pagulu amalumikizana pang'ono ndipo amakhala mosiyana. Abale amawakonda kokha m'nyengo yamvula.
Nthawi yawo yokwatirana imagwa m'miyezi yachisanu, kuyikira mazira - chilimwe. Mwa njira, dzina lachiwiri la nyama zotsitsidwazi lidawonekera chifukwa chofunafuna theka lachiwiri, amuna amatulutsa mawu ena achiberekero, ofanana ndi kubangula kwa njovu. Pofuna kupeza wosankhidwa wake, wamphongo amamuzimitsa ndi mphamvu zake zonse ndi chipolopolo chake, ndipo ngati kusunthaku sikunakhudze, amamuliranso pazitsulo mpaka mayi wamtima agone ndikugwira ziwalo zake, potsegula mwayi wopeza thupi lanu.
Akamba amtundu wa njovu amaikira mazira m'mabowo omwe adakumba, mu clutch imodzi pakhoza kukhala mazira 20 kukula kwa mpira wa tenisi. Mumkhalidwe wabwino, akamba amatha kubereka kawiri pachaka. Pambuyo masiku 100-120, ana oyamba amayamba kutuluka m'mazira, atabadwa, kulemera kwawo sikupitilira magalamu 80. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakula msinkhu wazaka 20-25, koma kukula kwakutali si vuto, chifukwa moyo wa zimphona ndi zaka 100-122.
Zakudya zabwino
Akamba amtundu wa njovu amadyera kokha pazomera, amadya zomera zilizonse zomwe angafikire. Ngakhale masamba owopsa komanso obaya amadyedwa. Mancinella ndi prickly peyala cactus amakonda kwambiri chakudya, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa michere, zokwawa zimalandiranso chinyezi kuchokera kwa iwo. A Galapagos alibe mano; amaluma mphukira ndikusiya mothandizidwa ndi nsagwada zonga mpeni.
Nthawi yokwanira kumwa zakumwa izi ndizofunikira. Amatha kukhala mphindi 45 tsiku lililonse kuti abwezeretse kuchepa kwa madzi mthupi.
Zosangalatsa
- Anthu okhala ku Cairo Zoo - kamba wotchedwa Samira ndi mwamuna wake - amawonedwa ngati chiwindi chachitali pakati pa akamba a Galapagos. Mkazi anamwalira ali ndi zaka 315, ndipo wamwamuna sanafike pazaka 400 za zaka zochepa chabe.
- Amalinyero atazindikira Zilumba za Galapagos m'zaka za zana la 17, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito akamba am'deralo ngati chakudya. Popeza nyama zokongolazi zimatha kukhala osadya kapena madzi kwa miyezi ingapo, amalinyero amangowatsitsira m'mazenera awo ndikudya momwe amafunikira. M'zaka mazana awiri zokha, motero, akamba 10 miliyoni adawonongedwa.
