Nyengo imadziwika ngati nyengo yanthawi zonse mdera lomwelo. Zimatengera kulumikizana kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana: kutentha kwa dzuwa, kuzungulira kwa mpweya, madera akutali, chilengedwe. Mpumulo, kuyandikira kwa nyanja ndi nyanja, komanso mphepo yamkuntho imathandizanso.
Mitundu yotsatirayi imakhala yosiyanasiyananso: kotentha, kotentha, Mediterranean, kotentha kotentha, Antarctic. Ndipo chosayembekezereka komanso chosangalatsa ndi nyengo yamvula.
Chikhalidwe cha nyengo yamvula
Nyengo yamtunduwu imakhala yofanana kumadera amenewo apadziko lapansi komwe kumakhala mvula yam'mlengalenga, ndiye kuti, kutengera nthawi ya chaka, kayendedwe ka mphepo kamasintha m'malo amenewa. Monsoon ndi mphepo yomwe imawomba kuchokera kunyanja chilimwe komanso kuchokera kumtunda nthawi yachisanu. Mphepo yotere imatha kubweretsa kutentha koopsa, chisanu ndi chilala, komanso mvula yamphamvu komanso mvula yamabingu.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakakhala nyengo yamkuntho ndikuti kuchuluka kwamvula yam'madera ake kumasintha kwakukulu chaka chonse. Ngati chilimwe kumakhala mvula yamabingu ndi mabingu, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira kulibe mvula. Zotsatira zake, chinyezi cham'mlengalenga chimakhala chambiri kwambiri mchilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Kusintha kwakuthwa kwa chinyezi kumasiyanitsa nyengo iyi ndi ena onse, pomwe mvula imagawidwa mozungulira chaka chonse.
Nthawi zambiri, nyengo yamvula yamkuntho imangopezeka kumadera otentha, madera otentha, madera ozungulira nyanja ndipo sizimachitika m'malo otentha komanso ku equator.
Mitundu yamvula yamkuntho
Mwa mtundu, nyengo yamvula imagawidwa potengera mtunda ndi kutalika. Gawani:
- nyengo yamvula yam'mlengalenga kotentha;
- nyengo yam'mlengalenga yotentha;
- nyengo yamvula yam'mbali kotentha yakumadzulo;
- nyengo yamvula yam'mphepete mwa nyanja zotentha kum'mawa;
- nyengo yamvula yam'mapiri otentha;
- nyengo yamvula yamvula yotentha.
Mawonekedwe amitundu yamvula yamvula
- Nyengo yam'mlengalenga yotentha yam'mlengalenga imadziwika ndikugawana kwakanthawi kosakhala mvula komanso nyengo yamvula yotentha. Kutentha kwambiri pano kumagwa miyezi yachisanu, ndipo kutsika kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Nyengoyi ndiyofala ku Chad ndi Sudan. Kuyambira theka lachiwiri la nthawi yophukira mpaka kumapeto kwa masika, kulibe mvula, kumwamba kulibe mitambo, kutentha kumakwera mpaka 32 digiri Celsius. M'chaka, miyezi yamvula, kutentha, m'malo mwake, kumatsikira mpaka 24-25 degrees Celsius.
- Nyengo yamkuntho yamkuntho yamkuntho imakhala yofala kuzilumba za Marshall. Apanso, kutengera nyengo, kayendedwe ka mphepo kamasintha, komwe kumabweretsa mvula kapena kusapezeka. Kutentha kwamlengalenga nthawi yachilimwe ndi nyengo yachisanu kumasintha ndi madigiri 2-3 okha komanso pafupifupi 25-28 madigiri Celsius.
- Nyengo yamvula yam'mbali kotentha yakumadzulo ndi chikhalidwe cha India. Apa kuchuluka kwamvula nthawi yamvula kumadziwika kwambiri. M'chilimwe, pafupifupi 85% yamvula yamvula yapachaka imatha kugwa, ndipo nthawi yozizira, ndi 8% yokha. Kutentha kwa mpweya mu Meyi kumakhala pafupifupi madigiri 36, ndipo mu Disembala 20 okha.
- Nyengo yamvula yam'mphepete mwa nyanja yotentha kum'mawa imadziwika ndi nyengo yamvula yayitali kwambiri. Pafupifupi 97% ya nthawi pano imagwera nyengo yamvula ndipo 3% yokha pa youma. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya nthawi youma ndi madigiri 29, osachepera kumapeto kwa Ogasiti ndi madigiri 26. Nyengoyi ndiyofala ku Vietnam.
- Nyengo yamvula yam'mapiri otentha imadziwika ndi madera okwera, omwe amapezeka ku Peru ndi Bolivia. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mitundu ina ya nyengo, imakonda kuzolowera nyengo zowuma komanso zamvula. Mbali yapadera ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, sikudutsa madigiri 15-17 Celsius.
- Nyengo yamvula yam'malo otentha imapezeka ku Far East, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China, kumpoto kwa Japan. Mapangidwe ake amathandizidwa ndi: m'nyengo yozizira, Asia - anticyclone, chilimwe - misa yam'mlengalenga. Chinyezi chapamwamba kwambiri, kutentha ndi mvula kumachitika m'nyengo yotentha.
mvula ku India
Nyengo ya Monsoon yamagawo aku Russia
Ku Russia, nyengo yamkuntho imafanana ndi zigawo za Far East. Amadziwika ndi kusintha kwakanthawi kolowera kumene mphepo ikuyenda munthawi zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamvumbi lomwe limagwa munthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka limasintha kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, mphepo yamkuntho imawomba kuchokera ku kontrakitala kupita kunyanja, kotero chisanu pano chimafika -20-27 madigiri, kulibe mvula, chisanu komanso nyengo yabwino.
M'miyezi yotentha, mphepo imasintha mayendedwe ake ndikuwomba kuchokera kunyanja ya Pacific kupita kumtunda. Mphepo zoterezi zimabweretsa mitambo yamvula, ndipo nthawi yotentha, mvula imagwa pafupifupi 800 mm. Kutentha panthawiyi kumakwera mpaka + 10-20 ° C.
Ku Kamchatka ndi kumpoto kwa Nyanja ya Okhotsk, nyengo yamkuntho yam'mphepete mwa nyanja yotentha imapezekanso, ndi chimodzimodzi ku Far East, koma kotentha.
Kuchokera ku Sochi mpaka Novorossiysk, nyengo yamvula yamkuntho imakhala yozungulira kontinenti. Apa, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, gawo lamlengalenga nthawi zambiri limatsika pansi pa zero. Mvumbi imagawidwa mofanana chaka chonse ndipo imatha kukhala mpaka 1000 mm pachaka.
Kukopa kwa nyengo yamkuntho pakukula kwa madera ku Russia
Nyengo yamvula yamkuntho imakhudza moyo wa anthu akumadera omwe akukhala, komanso chitukuko cha zachuma, zochitika zachuma mdziko lonselo. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe, madera ambiri aku Far East ndi Siberia sanapangidwebe ndikukhalidwa. Makampani omwe amapezeka kwambiri kumeneko ndi migodi.
