Nsomba za Aquarium ndizoyimira zokongola za ichthyofauna, zomwe zimawombedwa kunyumba ndi akatswiri ambiri okonda masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati ngakhale ana amatha kusamalira "gupeshki" yosavuta, ndiye kuti pali mitundu ina ya nsomba zomwe sizodziwika bwino komanso zosasangalatsa.
Koma, nthawi zambiri, ndi omwe amasangalatsidwa ndi kuzindikira konsekonse. Imodzi mwa nsomba izi ndi mfumu yamadzi amchere - discus... Tidzamvetsetsa za mawonekedwe ake ndi momwe amasungidwira.
Discus m'chilengedwe
Discus imagawidwa m'magulu angapo, atatu omwe akhala akudziwika kwanthawi yayitali. Symphysodon aequifasciatus ndi Symphysodon discus ndi omwe amaphunziridwa kwambiri, Symphysodon haraldi adafotokozedwa posachedwa. Zamoyo zamtchire ndizofala kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidapangidwa mwaluso.
Discus imapezeka mumtsinje wa Amazon, komwe umakhala pakatikati ndi kumunsi. Nsombayi imakhala ku South America, mumtsinje wa Amazon, Rio Negro, Trombetas, Putumayo ndi mitsinje ina, yomwe imapanga madzi akuda akuda, komwe mitengo yambiri yodzaza ndi madzi osefukira agona.
Mabeseni otere amapangidwa chifukwa cha kusefukira kwamitsinje, pomwe madzi ochokera kumapiri amakweza mulingo wa Amazon kwambiri kotero kuti ena mwa mitsinje yake amasintha mayendedwe, ndipo pambuyo pa kuchepa kwachuma, amapanga madambo ang'onoang'ono ndi nyanja zokhala ndi madzi ofewa a acidity.
Zithunzi nsomba discus marlboro
Madzi ang'onoang'ono otere samalumikizana, ndipo ma discus omwe amakhala mmenemo ali ndi mawonekedwe awo (makamaka amtundu), komanso amayamba kuchita ngati nsomba zapasukulu. Mitundu yachilengedwe imaphatikizapo ma discus ofiira, obiriwira, abulauni, kenako discus wabuluu. Nsombazi zidayambitsidwa ku Europe mzaka za m'ma 40s.
Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 90, chifukwa cha kusakanizidwa ndi kusankha, mitundu ina idayamba kuwonekera. Chimodzi mwazotchuka kwambiri ndi Marlboro discus - nsomba yofiira yokongola, mitundu yosankhidwa. Nsombazi zidatchuka kwambiri kuposa abale awo achilengedwe, ngakhale amafunikira chisamaliro chambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana.
Maonekedwe a nsombazi ndi okongola kwambiri, monga titha kuweruzidwa ndi angapo chithunzi discus... Thupi lawo limapanikizika kwambiri kuchokera mbali ndikuwoneka ngati disk, chifukwa chake dzina lawo. Kukula kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri - munthu wamkulu amatha kufikira masentimita 25. Koma mtundu wa nsombayo umadalira magawo ambiri - chilengedwe komanso chakudya.
Zomwe zimasunga discus ya nsomba
Chotsani nsomba zowoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo zomwe zili mkati mwake zimafunikira zovuta zina. Choyambirira, mukamagula nsombazi, muyenera kuzipatsa kuzoloŵera mosavuta kumalo atsopano. Popeza kuti nsomba zimapita kusukulu, pamatenga ndalama zingapo kuti zigulidwe. Koma ngakhale kusunga zinthu zonse sikukutsimikizira kuti ma discus azikhala opanda vuto mnyumba yatsopano - nsomba sizithetsa nkhawa.
Pachithunzicho, discus nsomba nyalugwe
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri mu zomwe zili mu discus ndiye voliyumu yayikulu yamadzi. Popeza nsombazi ndizazikulu kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala m'magulu a anthu sikisi, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala malo okwanira - kuyambira 250 malita a madzi. Madziwo ayenera kukhala osachepera 50 cm kutalika ndi 40 cm mulifupi.
Ma aquariums ocheperako sangakhale ngati discus wamkulu sangathe kutembenuka mwachizolowezi. Ponena za zofunika pamadzi pawokha, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi omwe amachokera pampopu yanu, kuwalola kukhazikika kwa maola 48, kuti muchepetse klorini waulere.
Ambiri amakhulupirira kamodzi m'chilengedwe discus khalani m'madzi ofewa, ndiye kuti aquarium iyenera kukhala yofanana. Koma, choyambirira, izi zimabweretsa zovuta zina pakusintha, chifukwa muyenera kusintha madzi osachepera 30% sabata limodzi, ndipo chachiwiri, madzi olimba ndiotetezedwa - tiziromboti tomwe timavulaza ma discus sikhala m'menemo.
Chithunzi cha discus daimondi
Ndipo nsomba zimachita bwino pa pH yopitilira 8.0. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'madzi otere ndizosavuta kupangitsa kuti ziberekane popangitsa madzi kukhala ofewa ndikupanga zina zofunikira. Ponena za kutentha kwamadzi, kuyenera kukhala osachepera 29C⁰.
Chimodzi chikhalidwe chofunikira pakusunga discus - ukhondo wa aquarium. Kutsata gawo ili kumatanthauzanso zofunikira zingapo: kukana kwa zomera zomwe zimakhala mumtsinjewo, mosalekeza (makamaka mukamadyetsa) kuyeretsa dothi kapena kukana, kukhazikitsa fyuluta yabwino yamadzi.
Chofunikira pakukonza discus ndikuwapatsa moyo wabata; simuyenera kuvulaza psyche yofooka ya nsombazi ndikumveka mokweza, kugogoda, komanso kusuntha kwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyika aquarium pamalo opanda phokoso, obisika pomwe pali kuwala kokwanira, koma kulibe kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Kuwala kowala, discus kumakhala kosavomerezeka nthawi zonse. Pansi pa aquarium iyeneranso kukhala yamdima. Monga zokongoletsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yolimba kwambiri ya pulasitiki, nthambi, mbewu. Discus amakonda kubisala m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuti muyime pansi pa nthambi zamitengo.
Discus mogwirizana ndi nsomba zina
M'mikhalidwe ya aquarium, ndibwino kuti nsomba za discus zikhale ndi nyumba zosiyana. Kukhala moyandikana ndi nsomba zina sikuvomerezeka chifukwa kutentha kwamadzi, komwe kumakhala kosavuta ndi discus nsomba, kudzakhala kwakukulu ku nsomba zina zotentha.
Choyipa china chowasunga pamodzi ndi nsomba zina ndikuti mwayi wamatenda osiyanasiyana udzakhala wochuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, ma discus nsomba amakhala ochepa, ndipo simungathe kuwakhazika mu aquarium yomweyo ndi oyandikana nawo, apo ayi amuna owoneka bwino amitundu yambiri atha "kuzengereza" kubwera patebulo ndikukhala ndi njala.
Pachithunzicho, discus nsomba mu aquarium
Nsomba zina zotsuka zimatha kumamatira ku discus, zomwe zimabweretsa khungu la masikelo, ndikupanga mabala otseguka. Mukamasankha oyeretsa, muyenera kumvetsera nsomba za mtundu wa Pterygoplichtys, zomwe zimatsuka makoma a aquarium ndipo sizimasokoneza moyo waomwe akukhalamo. Kusankha nsomba zazing'ono kwambiri, mwina mukungodyetsa anansi anu kuti atsegule.
Koma, komabe, mutha kusankha anzanu abwino pakati pa nsomba zosiyanasiyana. Characin - neon, rhodostomuses adzachita. Koma apa, inunso, muyenera kusamala kuti musalole nsomba zazing'ono kuyandikira discus wamkulu. Ngakhale, ngati mwachangu amakula limodzi, ndiye kuti discusyo ilibe chizolowezi chodya mnzake wamkulu.
Chotsani chakudya cha nsomba
Mutha kudyetsa nsomba zokongolazi ndi mitundu ingapo ya chakudya: youma yokumba, chisanu chosakanizidwa, chakudya chamoyo. Ngati musankha zosakaniza zopangira, ndiye kuti muyenera kulabadira zomwe zili mkati mwawo, ziyenera kukhala zosachepera 45%.
Eni ake a discus ambiri amakonda kuphika chakudya chawo pogwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe awo otsimikizika. Nthawi zambiri, minced mtima wa ng'ombe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko (pamakhala mafuta ochepa), omwe, ngati kuli kofunikira ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kusakaniza minced shrimp, mussels, nsomba, mavitamini ndi mankhwala.
Ndi chakudya chamoyo, muyenera kukhala osamala komanso osamala, chifukwa ndikosavuta kubweretsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi. Pofuna kupewa izi kuti zichitike, muyenera kukhala ndi chidaliro kwa omwe amapereka, ndikudziyeretsanso nokha. Ngakhale ndizovuta, ndizosavuta kuposa zamtsogolo. chitani discus... Chakudya chilichonse chizikhala chofewa, chifukwa nsombazi sizingang'ambe tinthu tolimba.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa discus
Nsombazo zidagawika pawiri, ndipo mkaziyo amaikira mazira 200-400 pa tsamba loyenerera. Kuti muberekane mwakachetechete, ndibwino kudzala banja linalake, komwe muyenera kupanga malo oyenera: yeretsani madzi, muchepetse ndikukweza kutentha mpaka 31-32C⁰. Kutentha kotsika, mazirawo sangaphwanyike, ndipo makolo amasiya zowalamulira.
Pakadutsa maola 60, mwachangu adzayamba kuthyola, komwe kumadyetsa khungu la makolo masiku asanu oyamba. Chotsatira, ana amafunika kubzalidwa ndikudyetsedwa ndi yolk ya mazira ndi ma brine shrimp, ndikuwona mikhalidwe ina yonse yosungidwa, monga nsomba zazikulu.
Ngakhale panali zovuta pakusunga, ma discus apambana malo m'mitima ya akatswiri amadzi komanso akatswiri. Mtengo wa discus kuchokera ma ruble 1000 ndi zina, kutengera sitolo, mtundu ndi zaka za nsombazo.
