Padziko lapansi, njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, zakuthupi, zachilengedwe zimachitika ndikutenga mbali kwa zinthu ndi zinthu. Chilichonse chimachitika molingana ndi malamulo achilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zachilengedwe zimazungulira, kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zonse padziko lapansi, m'matumbo a dziko lapansi komanso pamwamba pake. Kutuluka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe, omwe amakhala pakusintha kwa chinthu kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe kupita kuzinthu zachilengedwe. Zozungulira zonse zidagawika m'magulu azizigawo zama sedimentary.
Kuzungulira kwa madzi
Payokha, ndikuyenera kuwunikira momwe madzi amayendera m'chilengedwe. Imawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wathu wonse. Kuzungulira kwake kumafotokozedwa motere: madzi mumadzi amadzimadzi, amadzaza malo osungira madzi, amawotcha ndikusandulika m'mlengalenga, pambuyo pake amadzikundikira ndikugwera pamtunda (20%) komanso mu World Ocean (80%) ngati mphepo (chisanu, mvula kapena matalala). Madzi akamalowa m'malo amadzi monga madamu, nyanja, madambo, mitsinje, kenako pambuyo pake amasanduka nthunzi. Ikakhala pansi, imalowa m'nthaka, imadzazanso madzi apansi ndikudzadza mbewu. Kenako imasanduka nthunzi ndipo imalowa mumlengalenga.
Kuzungulira kwa gasi
Tikamayankhula za kayendedwe ka gasi, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kukhala pazinthu zotsatirazi:
- Mpweya. Nthawi zambiri kaboni imayimilidwa ndi kaboni dayokisaidi, yemwe amayamba kumangoyamwa ndi zomera ndikusintha kaboni kukhala miyala yoyaka komanso yoyaka. Gawo lina la kaboni limatulutsidwa mumlengalenga panthawi yoyaka mafuta okhala ndi kaboni
- Mpweya. Amapezeka mumlengalenga, wopangidwa ndi zomera kudzera mu photosynthesis. Oxygen wochokera mlengalenga amalowa m'thupi la anthu kudzera munjira yopumira, amatulutsidwa ndikulowanso mlengalenga
- Mavitamini. Nitrogeni imatulutsidwa pakutha kwa zinthu, kulowa m'nthaka, kulowa m'zomera, kenako kumatulutsidwa ngati amoniya kapena ammonium ions
Magulu oyambira
Phosphorus imapezeka m'miyala ndi mchere wambiri, michere yopanda mphamvu. Ndi mitundu ina ya phosphorous yokha yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi, ndipo imasakanizidwa ndi zomera pamodzi ndi madziwo. Pamodzi ndi unyolo wa chakudya, phosphorous imadyetsa zamoyo zonse, zomwe zimawutumiza kunthambo pamodzi ndi zinyalala.
Sulfa amapezeka m'zinthu zamoyo monga zinthu zamoyo, zimachitika m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Ndi gawo la zinthu zosiyanasiyana, mbali ina ya miyala. Kuzungulira kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'chilengedwe kumatsimikizira njira zambiri ndipo kumatengedwa kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi.
