M'dera lathu, mitengo yambiri imatsanulira masamba ake, ndipo izi ndizodziwika bwino zomwe zimachitika kugwa, nyengo yozizira ndi chisanu isanayambike. Kugwa kwamasamba kumachitika osati m'malo otentha, komanso m'malo otentha. Kumeneko, kugwa kwa masamba sikuwonekera kwambiri, chifukwa mitundu yonse yamitengo imawasiya munthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo enawo amakhala masiku ochepa. Tsamba lomwe limagwera palokha limadalira osati zakunja zokha, komanso zinthu zamkati.
Makhalidwe a masamba akugwa
Kugwa kwa masamba ndi chodabwitsa pamene masamba amasiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi za zitsamba ndi mitengo, ndipo imachitika kamodzi pachaka. M'malo mwake, kugwa kwamasamba kumakhala ngati mitundu yonse yamitengo, ngakhale yomwe imawonedwa ngati yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kwa iwo njirayi imachitika pang'onopang'ono, imatenga nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake imakhala yosawoneka kwa anthu.
Zifukwa zazikulu za tsamba kugwa:
- kukonzekera mbewu nyengo yadzuwa kapena yozizira;
- kusintha kwanyengo ndi nyengo;
- matenda am'mimba;
- kuwonongeka kwa mtengo ndi tizilombo;
- mphamvu ya mankhwala;
- Kuwononga chilengedwe.
Nyengo yozizira ikafika m'malo ena apadziko lapansi, ndikumauma kwina, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'nthaka kumakhala kosakwanira, motero masamba amagwa kuti asaume. Chinyezi chotsalira chomwe chimatsalira m'nthaka chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa muzu, thunthu ndi ziwalo zina zazomera.
Mitengo, kugwetsa masamba, chotsani zinthu zoyipa zomwe zapezeka mundawo. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zazitali zotentha zimatsanulira masamba ake kugwa, kukonzekera nyengo yogona, chifukwa apo ayi chipale chofewa chimatha kudzikundikira pamasamba, ndipo pansi pa kulemera kwa mvula, mitengoyo imakhoza kugwada pansi, ndipo ina mwa iyo imatha kufa.
Masamba agwa
Poyamba, masamba amitengo amasintha mtundu. Ndi kugwa komwe timayang'ana masamba onse a masamba: kuyambira wachikaso ndi chofiirira mpaka mdima wakuda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa njira yodya michere m'masamba imachedwetsa, kenako kuyima kwathunthu. Masamba ogwa amakhala ndi chakudya, chomwe chimapangidwa tsamba likamamwa CO2, nayitrogeni ndi mchere wina. Kuchulukitsitsa kwawo kumatha kuwononga chomeracho, chifukwa chake, masamba akagwa, palibe zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimalowa mthupi.
Akatswiri akutsimikizira kuti masamba akugwa sayenera kuwotchedwa, chifukwa panthawiyi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawononga mpweya zimalowa mumlengalenga:
- sulphurous anhydride;
- mpweya monoxide;
- nayitrogeni;
- hydrocarbon;
- mitsizi.
Zonsezi zimawononga chilengedwe. Kufunika kogwa kwamasamba pazachilengedwe kumathandiza kwambiri. Masamba omwe agwa ndi feteleza wachuma amene amakhutitsa nthaka ndi zinthu zothandiza. Masambawo amatetezanso nthaka ku kutentha, ndipo kwa nyama zina ndi tizilombo, masamba ndi gwero labwino la zakudya, kotero masamba omwe agwa ndi gawo limodzi lachilengedwe.
