Dera la Stavropol lili pakatikati pa dera la Caucasus, malire ake amadutsa Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region, Kalmykia, Dagestan, North Ossetia, komanso kudzera ku Chechen, Karachay-Cherkess Republics.
Malowa ndi otchuka chifukwa cha zokopa zake zachilengedwe, zigwa zokongola, mitsinje yoyera, mitsinje yamapiri, akasupe amachiritso. Aliyense amadziwa kuchiritsa kwamadzi amchere aku Caucasus ndi matope ochokera akasupe a Nyanja ya Tambukan. Ngale yosakayika ya dera lino ndi mzinda wa Kislovodsk ndi Essentuki, ndizochokera ku akasupe omwe amapezeka m'derali momwe madzi a Narzan ndi Yessentuki amapangidwa, omwe amadziwika kuti amachiritsa.
Pansi pa mapiri a Caucasus pali malo opumirako ski, omwe amakopa alendo ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo kapu ya chisanu ya Elbrus yasandulika khadi yolowa yaokwera mwachangu.
M'dera lino, simungathe kupumula kokha, komanso mufufuze kafukufuku wasayansi, popeza dera lino lili ndi zomera ndi zinyama zambiri. Ndikosavuta kupumula, kusaka komanso kuwedza m'derali.
Mbali m'mphepete
Nyengo yamderali ndiyabwino, masika amabwera mu Marichi ndipo amakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi, kutentha kwapakati panthawiyi ndi madigiri + 15 ndipo kumakhala mvula pafupipafupi. Chilimwe chimatentha ndi chilala, kugwa pang'ono kwa mvula, ndipo kutentha kumatha kufika madigiri + 40, koma popeza kuderali kuli nkhalango, minda, nyanja ndi mitsinje, izi sizimamveka bwino.
Kutha kumabwera mu Seputembara-Okutobala ndipo kumakhala mvula yambiri, koma mu Novembala chisanu choyamba chagwa kale. Zima sizokhazikika, kutentha kumatha kuyambira + 15 mpaka -25 madigiri.
Chikhalidwe cha Stavropol chimakhala ndi mapiri ataliatali (Strizhament, Nedremanna, Beshtau, Mashuk), steppe ndi semi-desert (kumpoto chakum'mawa), komanso madambo, nkhalango komanso nkhalango zowuma.
M'chipululu chowawa chakuda ndi chowawa choyera, ephedra, wheatgrass, nthula zaminga zimamera, nthawi yachilimwe malowa amakhala amoyo paliponse, ma tulips, ma crocuses ofewa a lilac ndi ma hyacinths amawoneka.
Gawo lakummawa kwa dera lino limadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa dzinthu lowawa chowawa ndi chowawa-fescue malo owuma.
Kumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kumalowetsa malo am'chipululu okhala ndi nthaka zachonde ndi malo olima komanso osakhudzidwa, kubzala minda yakumidzi. Zitsamba zodziwika bwino pano ndi udzu wa nthenga, fescue, strawberries zakutchire, meadowsweet, nkhalango kuiwala-ine-yarrow, peony-red-peony, zitsamba zambiri.
Nkhalango m'chigawo cha Stavropol zili ponseponse pamwamba pa mapiri a Vorovskoles ndi Darya, m'mapiri a Pyatigorye, pamphepete mwa Dzhinal, zigwa ndi zigwa za kum'mwera chakumadzulo, m'chigawo cha mitsinje ya Kuban, Kuma, ndi Kura. Izi ndizotambalala kwambiri komanso mitengo ya oak-hornbeam, fir, nkhalango za mapulo, komanso nkhalango, phulusa ndi nkhalango za linden.
Mitsinje ikuluikulu ndi Kuban, Terek, Kuma, Kalaus ndi Yegorlyk, pambali pawo pali nyanja pafupifupi 40 zazing'ono ndi zazikulu.
Nyama
Zinyama za m'derali zimawerengera mitundu yoposa 400 yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nyama zodya nyama, zotulutsa nyama, artiodactyls, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Nguluwe
Nguluwe zakutchire ndi anthu oopsa m'nkhalango, ndi akulu kukula ndi nkhono zazikulu, ndi za zinthu zosaka.
Chimbalangondo chofiirira
Zimbalangondo zakuda zidalembedwa mu Red Book. Ichi ndi chinyama cholimba kwambiri chokhala ndi thupi lamphamvu komanso tsitsi lakuda, nthawi yake ndi zaka 35, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 100 kg masika, nthawi yachisanu isanafike, kulemera kumakwera ndi 20%. Amakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zowirira ndi madambo.
Jerboa
The jerboa imapezeka m'nkhalango komanso m'chipululu, nyama zothamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga kwawo kumatha kufika 5 km paola, amayenda ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo.
Nyama za m'mapiri ndi zipululu
Mu steppe ndi theka-chipululu pali:
Saiga
Nyama yam'madzi ya Saiga (saiga) yatsala pang'ono kutha; Nyama yokhala ndi ziboda zogawanika imakonda kukhazikika m'mapiri komanso m'chipululu. Nyamayi siichepera kukula ndi mphuno ngati thunthu ndi makutu ozungulira. Nyanga zimapezeka mwa amuna okhaokha, omwe ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa akazi.
Mchenga nkhandwe-korsak
Nkhandwe ya Korsak imalumikizana ndi banja la Canidae, ndiyocheperako kuposa nkhandwe wamba ndipo imakhala ndi mphuno yayifupi, yakuthwa, makutu akulu ndi miyendo yayitali, kutalika kwa 30 cm, ndi kulemera kwake mpaka 6 kg. Amakonda steppe ndi semi-chipululu.
Mbira ya mchenga imakhala m'malo ouma pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, ndipo imakhala usiku. Wamphamvu zonse.
Anapanga hedgehog
Hedgehog wamakutu ataliatali, omwe akuyimira mitundu iyi ndi yaying'ono, amawoneka ngati hedgehog wamba, koma ali ndi makutu akulu kwambiri, amakhala atagona usiku.
Masana gerbil
Chisa ndi masana gerbil ndi amtundu wa Makoswe ndipo ali ndi golide wofiira (masana) ndi mitundu yofiirira (imvi).
Ngakhale nthawi ya Soviet Union, nyama zamtunduwu zimadziwika monga:
Nutria
Nutria ndi ya makoswe, imatha kutalika mpaka 60 cm ndikulemera mpaka 12 kg, yolemera kwambiri mwa amuna. Ali ndi chovala chakuda ndi mchira wadazi, womwe umagwira ngati chiwongolero posambira. Nyama imakhazikika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, sakonda kuzizira, koma imatha kupirira chisanu pa madigiri -35.
Galu wa Raccoon
Galu wa raccoon ndi wolanda nyama zonse za banja la Canidae. Nyamayo imawoneka ngati mtanda pakati pa raccoon (mtundu) ndi nkhandwe (kapangidwe), amakhala m'mabowo.
Gologolo wa Altai
Gologolo wa Altai, ndi wokulirapo kuposa gologolo wamba ndipo uli ndi bulauni yakuda, yowala yakuda ndi utoto wabuluu. M'nyengo yozizira, ubweya umawala ndipo umakhala wonyezimira. Amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira bwino.
Chiwombankhanga cha Altai
Mbalame yotchedwa Altai marmot imakhala ndi malaya ataliatali achikasu ndi mchenga wakuda kapena wakuda, imatha kufikira 9 kg.
Gwape wobadwira
Sika deer, chilimwe imakhala ndi mtundu wofiyira wokhala ndi mawanga oyera, nthawi yozizira mtunduwo umatha. Amakhala kuthengo kwazaka zosaposa 14. Nyamayo imakhala m'nkhalango zowuma, imakonda minda ya thundu.
Roe
Gwape wa Roe ndi wa Deer genus, nthawi yotentha amakhala ofiira mdima, ndipo nthawi yozizira amakhala otuwa. Zimatanthauza zinthu zololedwa kusaka.
Mu Stavropol Territory, pali malo ambiri osakira komwe mungasakire nguluwe, muskrat, pheasant. Pali mwayi wogula chiphaso m'minda yosaka mbalame zam'madzi, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, marten, kalulu ndi gopher.
Zinyama zosawerengeka
Katchi wamtchire wa ku Caucasus
Katchi wamtchire wa ku Caucasus ndi nyama yaying'ono, miyendo yayitali ndi mchira wawufupi. Ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe adapulumuka.
Mphaka wamtchire wa ku Caucasus
Mphaka wamtchire wa ku Caucasus ndi wa banja la Felidae ndipo amafanana kwambiri ndi mphaka woweta, koma wokulirapo. Mtundu wa nyama ndi ofiira-ofiira ndi chikasu chachikasu, mikwingwirima yoyera imawonedwa kumbuyo ndi mbali.
Steppe ferret
The steppe polecat watsala pang'ono kutha, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa steppe zone ndikujambula chifukwa cha ubweya wofunika.
Gadaur chipale chofewa chimafanana ndi hamster m'maonekedwe ake, ndibwino kuti azikhala m'malo amiyala kapena m'nkhalango zamatchire, amaphatikizidwa ndi Red Book.
Pofuna kupewa kutha kwa mitundu ina ya nyama ndi mbalame, malo 16 aboma apangidwa m'derali. Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe idaperekedwa, mink, mitundu ingapo ya mileme, ma hamsters, makoswe amtundu amatetezedwa.
Mink
Hamster
Akhungu
Amphibians ndi zokwawa
Talingalirani za anthu ochepa omwe akutetezedwa, kuwatenga kwawo sikuletsedwa.
Chisoti cha ku Caucasus
Caucasian toad ndiye amphibiya wamkulu ku Russia, kutalika kwa thupi la mkazi kumatha kufikira 13 cm.
Asia Minor chule
Asia Minor chule, ndi mitundu yosowa ya nyama.
Lanza's newt
Lanza newt amakhala m'nkhalango zowoneka bwino, zosakanikirana komanso zosakanikirana.
Chiwerengero cha zokwawa zimaphatikizapo abuluzi, njoka, mchenga, njoka ndi njoka, zomwe zikupezeka mu Red Book.
Mbalame
Za mbalame, nthawi zambiri mumakumana ndi oimira awa:
Wopanda
Bustard ndi mbalame yayikulu yomwe imapezeka mchigwa, ndi ya Crane ngati dongosolo, imafika mpaka makilogalamu 16 (yamwamuna) ndipo imakhala ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana (wofiira, wakuda, imvi, woyera).
Wopanda
Little bustard samapitilira kukula kwa nkhuku wamba, ili ngati nkhwali. Thupi lakumtunda ndi lofiira mchenga lokhala ndi mdima ndipo thupi lakumunsi ndi loyera.
Crane ya Demoiselle
Demoiselle crane ndiye woimira wocheperako wa Cranes, kutalika kwake ndi 89 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake mpaka 3 kg. Mutu ndi khosi ndizakuda, mdera la mulomo ndi maso pali madera a nthenga zoyera, mlomo ndi wamfupi, wachikasu.
Ziwombankhanga zazikulu zimaphatikizapo:
Kuyikidwa m'manda
Kuikidwa m'manda, ndi kwa oyimira mbalame zazikulu kwambiri, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka masentimita 80, mapiko mpaka 215 cm, olemera pafupifupi 4.5 kg. Akazi ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa amuna. Mtunduwo ndi bulauni yakuda, pafupifupi wakuda ndimadontho oyera matalala m'mapiko ndi mchira wofiirira.
Chiwombankhanga
Mphungu ya Buzzard, mosiyana ndi chiwombankhanga, ili ndi nthenga zofiira, zimagwirizana ndi nkhalango, nkhalango ndi chipululu.
Amakonda kukhazikika m'mapiri:
Anthu a ku Caucasus Ular
Turkey Turkey ndi wachibale wa pheasant, ngati mtanda pakati pa nkhuku zowetedwa ndi kholingo.
Anthu akuda aku Caucasus
Mgulu wakuda waku Caucasus adalembedwa mu Red Book. Mbalameyi ndi yakuda ndi zigamba za buluu, nthenga zoyera kumchira ndi mapiko, ndi nsidze zofiira.
Ndevu zamphongo
Chiwombankhanga ndi chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi nthenga pamutu ndi m'khosi, mapiko akuthwa ndi mchira woboola pakati.
Mphungu ya Griffon
Mbalame ya griffon ndi ya banja la nkhamba ndipo ndi wonyeketsa.
Zonse pamodzi, mitundu yoposa 400 ya mbalame imakhala nkhalango, mapiri ndi zigwa.
Zomera
Nkhalango zimakuta dera lalikulu lachigawo chonse, pafupifupi mahekitala 12441. Kumidzi, pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, pafupi ndi mapiri kumakula:
Mtengo
Mitengo ya Oaks ndi ya banja la Beech, ndi njira yopulumutsira nyama zambiri: nswala, nguluwe, agologolo.
Beech
Njuchi ndi mitengo yodula, mitundu yambiri yama nthambi, ndipo imatha kukumana nawo mumzinda komanso m'mapiri.
Maple
Mapu amafika kutalika kwa mamitala 40, ndi azomera zobiriwira, amakula mwachangu kwambiri.
Phulusa
Mitengo ya phulusa imakhala ndi masamba otsutsana komanso opanda pinnate, kutalika kwa thunthu kumafika 35 m ndipo makulidwe ake amakhala mita imodzi.
Hornbeam
Hornbeam ndi ya banja la Birch, imadziwika ndikukula pang'ono ndipo imakonda dothi lotakasuka, limalekerera matenda, chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri.
Mtengo wamtchire wamtchire
Mtengo wamtchire wamtchire umawoneka ngati tchire kapena mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi zipatso zazing'ono.
Cherry maula
Cherry plum cherry plum ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi chitumbuwa, zipatso zachikaso nthawi zina ndimmbali zobiriwira.
Pafupifupi zaka 150 zapitazo, dera la Stavropol linali lodzaza ndi nkhalango, koma tsopano nkhalango zimawonedwa m'malo omwe mumakhala nyengo yabwino yanyengo.
