Goby - nsomba yodabwitsa, okondedwa kwambiri ndi asodzi a Azov ndi Black Sea. Inde, iyi ndi nsomba yokoma kwambiri yomwe alendo onse amayamikira. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa kuti pali mitundu ina yambiri yomwe ili yotchuka komanso yosangalatsa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Goby
The goby ndi nsomba ya ray-finned ya banja la nsomba. Anakumana koyamba kale ku Nyanja ya Azov. Amakhulupirira kuti ndi kuchokera komwe komwe mbiri yamtundu wam'madzi iyi imachokera. Ngakhale mitundu yachilendo siyimadzutsa chidwi pakati pa asodzi, goby imakonda kuwedza. Kupatula apo, Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov goby ndizochulukirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa mitundu ina. Mitundu ya gobies imadziwika makamaka ndi malo awo komanso mawonekedwe awo.
Kanema: Goby
Mpaka pano, mitundu ikuluikulu ya ng'ombe ikudziwika:
- mchenga;
- mmero;
- tsutsyk;
- matabwa ozungulira.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti mitundu yachilendo imaganiziridwa nthawi zambiri pofufuza gulu ili la nsomba. Koma zonsezi zapezeka mu beseni la Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov. Awa ndi magulu wamba a gobies, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa wamba. Zonsezi ndizosodza. Palibe kusiyana kwakunja pakati pa mitundu iyi. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikukula ndi kusiyana pang'ono mumithunzi.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Mu mzinda wa Berdyansk, pafupi ndi doko, pali chipilala kwa wopezera ndalama. Izi ndichifukwa chakusodza makamaka m'derali. Zowonadi, kwazaka zambiri, anthu akumaloko adapulumuka makamaka chifukwa cha nsombayi.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Momwe goby amawonekera
Ndi mawonekedwe ake akunja, goby si wa nsomba zokongola mwanjira iliyonse. Koma nthawi yomweyo, ili ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika kusiyanitsa ndi nsomba ina iliyonse:
- kuchokera pansi, zipsepsezo zimakulira limodzi m'njira yoti apange chikho chokoka. Ndi chithandizo chake, goby imatha kulumikizidwa ndi miyala ndi zina;
- pakamwa lalikulu ndi milomo ikuluikulu;
- kuchuluka kwa mitundu kumapangitsa kuti nthawi zina kukhale kovuta kuzindikira, koma molingana ndi magawo am'mbuyomu, amatha kudziwika.
The goby palokha ndi chikasu pang'ono ndi mawanga mdima. Nthawi yomweyo, pali mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo kotero kuti ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa mtundu umodzi. Kutengera mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zikufunsidwa, magawo ake amasiyana. Kutalika, kumatha kukhala kuchokera pa masentimita angapo mpaka theka la mita. Kulemera kumasiyananso ndi magalamu 30 mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu.
Azov goby, odziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri, si akulu kwenikweni, komanso ali ndi utoto wotuwa. Koma mitundu yakunja yomwe imakhala m'maiko owala imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala. Zipsepse za zipsepse za nsomba zimasiyananso. Makamaka amakhala owonekera, koma pali mitundu yonse yazocheperako, mpaka kufiira. Zipsepsezo sizokulirapo. Koma mutu wa ng'ombe yamtundu wotere ndiwokulirapo.
Kodi goby amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Nsomba za Goby
The goby amakhala m'madzi ofunda. M'madera ozizira kwambiri, nsomba sizingakhale ndi moyo. Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov ndi malo okhala a goby. Nyanja ya Caspian ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri. The goby amapezeka manambala ang'onoang'ono ku Baltic. Komanso nsomba zimapezeka m'mitsinje yosiyanasiyana.
Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ina ya goby imakonda madzi oyera. Tikulankhula za mitsinje, mitsinje yake, nyanja. Ma Gobies amapezeka makamaka m'mabeseni a Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, Volga. Gobies ali mgulu la nsomba zapansi. Amakhala moyo wokhazikika, posankha kukhala pafupi ndi gombe pansi momwe angathere.
The goby ndi unhurried kwambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake sichidziwika ndi kusuntha kwa nyengo, komanso kuyenda kokhazikika. Madzulo a chisanu choopsa kwambiri ndi pomwe nsomba zimachoka pagombe ndikusankha kukhala m'malo ozama.
Gobies amakonda kwambiri kupanga maenje mumchenga kumunsi kwake. Akhozanso kudikirira pakati pamiyala kapena m'matope - awa ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri komwe amakhala omasuka momwe angathere. Kawirikawiri goby amakonda kumanga dzenje momwe nsomba 1-2 zimakwanira. Koma nthawi zina amatha kukhala ndi ziweto zazikulu. Kutengera mtundu wa goby, amatha kukhala m'madzi abwino komanso am'nyanja.
Mwa njira, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti goby ngati nsomba wamba. M'malo mwake, amakhala padziko lonse lapansi. Ndizovuta kupeza malo omwe ma gobies sakanapezeka konse. Zambiri za gobies zosowa zitha kupezeka. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu amtunduwu amakhala m'matanthwe.
Kodi goby amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: River goby
The goby ndi unhurried kwambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake sizabwino kwa iye kutaya nthawi yochuluka akusaka nyama zina zam'madzi. Nthawi yomweyo, safunanso kusonkhanitsa chakudya chomera. Wokhala pansi amakhala njira yake. Mwa iwo, amasankha iwo omwe amayenda pang'ono osasuntha mwachangu.
Ndicho chifukwa chake zakudya za goby zimakhazikitsidwa ndi: mphutsi zazing'ono, nkhanu, nkhanu, nyongolotsi, mitundu ina ya mwachangu. Goby amayesetsa kupeza mitundu ya mwachangu yomwe, monga iyemwini, sakhala moyo wokangalika kwambiri.
Goby ndiwosakhazikika motero amakhala nthawi yayitali kufunafuna chakudya. Nthawi zambiri amayesa kubisala m'nkhalango kapena kumbuyo kwamiyala kenako ndikuukira nkhanu kapena munthu wina aliyense wanyanja. M'kamwa mwa nsombayo mumalola kuti nyamayo imezedwe kwathunthu.
Anthu ena molakwika amakhulupirira kuti goby ndiwodzichepetsa kwathunthu pachakudya. Zowonadi, samakonda kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo satola zinyalala pansi. Ndikosavuta kwa iye kuchepetsa zakudya zake kuposa kusaka kapena kudya chilichonse.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: Ngati nyengo yoipa ikuchitika, goby samapita kukasaka ndipo amayesetsa kuchepetsa chakudya chake. M'malo mwake, amadikirira nyengo yamtendere mwamtendere kenako ndikubwerera kumachitidwe ake amoyo.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Sea goby
Goby si nsomba yogwira ntchito kwenikweni. Amakonda kukhala moyo wongokhala. Kusamuka kokhazikika sikuli kwa iye. Komanso goby sangatchedwe nsomba yakusukulu. Amakonda kukhazikika m'mabanja ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale pokolola, goby amasankha kuti asapite patali, koma kuti azitsatira komwe amakhala, kumangokonzekera malo oyenera kuchita izi, kukonzekeretsa nyumba yoperekera ziweto.
Komabe, pali zina zotsutsana ndi lamuloli. Kutengera mtundu wake, goby sangayandikire gombe ngakhalenso kubala m'madzi akuya. Koma nyama zina zomwe zimakhala m'madzi ozizira kapena amchere kwambiri zimatha kupita kumtunda kuti zibereke kapena kulowa m'mitsinje.
Mulimonsemo, sikokwanira ng'ombeyo ikakhala yokonzeka kuyenda. Amakonda kuti asayende maulendo ataliatali, komanso nthawi zambiri. Pakusaka, nayenso samapita mwachangu, amakonda kudikirira nyama m'malo mongothamangitsa. Ndiye chifukwa chake ng'ombe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zovuta zina pankhaniyi.
Komanso goby siwochezeka makamaka ndi nsomba zina, amakonda kukhala moyo wosungulumwa. Kutalika komwe akukonzekera: kukhala limodzi ndi oyimira mitundu yake komanso ngakhale pang'ono, osati nthawi zonse.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: The goby amadana kwambiri kutentha. Pankhaniyi, iye akhoza mosavuta kugwa mu daze, kusiya osati kusaka ndi kudya, koma ngakhale kusuntha palimodzi.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Blue bull
The goby ayamba kuberekera mchaka. Nthawi yayitali yobereka imayamba mu Marichi. Ndikokwanira kuti kutentha kukwere mpaka madigiri 10. Pambuyo pa kubereka kumatha mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Amuna amawerengedwa kuti ndi okhwima pogonana mchaka chachiwiri chamoyo. Pakubala, amasintha nthawi yomweyo mtundu wawo kukhala wakuda kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, chachimuna chimabisala pakati pa miyala ndikuyamba kudikirira chachikazi, chomwe chimayamba kuphulika.
Ngati ma gobies angapo akufuna malowa nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti atha kupanga nkhondo zenizeni zapa dera. Wopambana amakhalabe wokonzekeretsa chisa, pomwe akazi amakopeka. Amuna amodzi amatha kukopa akazi angapo nthawi imodzi. Kutengera mtundu womwe ukukambidwa, chachikazi chimatha kutulutsa mazira mpaka 7000 nthawi imodzi.
Caviar ili ndi chipolopolo chomata pang'ono, chomwe chimakhazikika pamiyala. Ndizosangalatsa kuti atangobereka, mkazi amatha kuchita bizinesi yake, pomwe wamwamuna amateteza ana ake kwa mwezi umodzi. Kupanda kutero, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha mayamwidwe ndi mazira a benthic. Amuna samangoteteza mazira awo kuti asadye, komanso amasamalira malo abwino kwa ana. Kuti apereke mpweya wofunikira m'mazira, amapanga mitsinje yamadzi ndi zipsepse zawo, zomwe zimangobweretsa mpweya.
Pakatha mwezi umodzi, mwachangu amawoneka kuchokera ku mphutsi zomwe zimatuluka m'mazira. Ma crustaceans apansi ndiwo chakudya chachikulu cha makanda munthawi imeneyi. Koma osati kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakutha chilimwe, a gobies amatha kudyetsa ngati nsomba ina iliyonse yayikulu. Mwa njira, ma gobies amawerengedwa kuti ndiopusa kwambiri panthawiyi. Kuti akope chachikazi kubowola chake, champhongo chimamveka mofanana ndi kulira kapena kuwerama.
Adani achilengedwe a ng'ombe
Chithunzi: Nsomba za Goby
Govuyo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha nsomba zolusa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti nsombazi zimachedwetsa komanso kuwuma. Ngati mitundu ina, yopanda chitetezo pamaso pa mdaniyo, ili ndi mwayi woti ingathawe, ndiye kuti njirayi siyikupezeka pano. The goby amasambira pang'onopang'ono, kotero sadzatha kuthawa.
Ubwino wake umangokhala mtundu. Ma goby ndiosawoneka modabwitsa (kuchuluka kwa mitunduyo) ndipo sizovuta kuti aphatikize ndi nthaka, mwala. Pike, stellate sturgeon, sturgeon - uwu ndi mndandanda wosakwanira wa nyama zomwe zimakonda kudya gobies. Komanso, Azov dolphin samakana kudya gobies.
Koma chosangalatsa ndichakuti mitundu ina imakhala ndi moyo mwa kudya mwachangu zina za gobies. Koma osati mosungiramo palokha, goby ali pachiwopsezo. Monga nsomba zina zambiri, goby nthawi zambiri amadwala mbalame. Amphaka amafunafuna mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gobies. Ngakhale njoka zakonzeka kupikisana ndi anyani.
Nthawi yomweyo, ambiri amavomereza kuti anthu amakhalabe owopsa kwa ng'ombe. Ndi omwe amathandizira kutsika kwa anthu goby kwakukulu. A Gobies amapezeka m'njira zonse zomwe mungaganizire. Komanso, nyengo imatha kukhala yowopsa kwa goby, chifukwa nsombazi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa iwo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Momwe goby amawonekera
Kuyesa mozama kuchuluka kwa goby kumatha kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba iyi yomwe ikudziwika masiku ano. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuli kovuta kunena makamaka momwe anthu amawerengedwera. Kuphatikiza apo, gobies ndizofala padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kuwerengera kuchuluka kwawo.
Kutsata kuchuluka kwa goby ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunika. Chifukwa chake ndikukula kwamakampani m'gulu la nsomba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akuchepa. Ndikosatheka kuyerekezera anthu onse. The goby amakhala ndi moyo waufupi kwambiri. Pochita izi, kuchuluka kwa ng'ombe zamphongo kumatha kutchedwa kuti wavy. Nthawi zina kusintha kwakuchuluka kumatha kufikira nthawi mazana.
Ngakhale lero ku Azov kuli ma gobies ambiri, nsomba zake zimayang'aniridwa mosakhazikika pagulu. Mwachitsanzo, chaka chilichonse nsomba zikamapita, zimaletsedwa kuzigwira. Komanso panthawiyi sikuletsedwa kubowola pansi, kuchita ntchito iliyonse yowopsa kwa nsomba. Ngakhale ma gobies a Azov ndi Black Sea ali mgulu la nsomba zomwe sizifunikira kutetezedwa. Koma mitundu ina ya nsomba zakunja ndizosowa kotero kuti mapulogalamu apadera aboma akukonzedwa kuti aziteteze.
Mlonda wa Goby
Chithunzi: Goby wochokera ku Red Book
The goby ndi nsomba yachilendo komanso yosunthika potengera kuwunika. Kuchuluka kwake ndi kufunika kotetezedwa mwachindunji zimadalira mitundu yomwe ikukhudzidwa. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito mdera lokhalamo. Nthawi zambiri pakatchulidwa za ng'ombe, ambiri amaimira Azov kapena Black Sea, yomwe ili yambiri mderali. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti ngakhale ndi nsomba zochuluka, nsomba zili pachiwopsezo. Cholinga chake ndikuti nsombazi zimaswana pafupipafupi komanso mochuluka. Chifukwa chake chilengedwe sichimasokonezedwa.
Koma palinso mitundu yosawerengeka yomwe iyenera kutetezedwa ndi boma. Mwachitsanzo, sculpin goby idalembedwa mu Red Book, koma m'malo ena okha. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kunena momwe zinthu ziliri ndi anthu onsewa. Dera lirilonse liri ndi ufulu wofufuzira momwe zinthu zilili payekha, ndichifukwa chake m'malo ena mitundu ina ya goby imadziwika kuti ndi yosowa.
Makamaka tikulankhula pamtunduwu zamtundu wachilendo zomwe ndizodziwika bwino pakati pamadzi am'madzi, koma palibe zinthu zabwino zobereketsa. Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa mitundu yomwe ikusowa, ndikokwanira kungoyamba kukula nsomba mwakhama m'malo opangira. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti si mitundu yonse ya zinthu zomwe ndizosodza, chifukwa chake zopitilira muyeso nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotetezedwa ku izi.
Mwa njira iyi, ng'ombengakhale ndi nsomba yofala kwambiri, ikupitilizabe kuchulukitsa anthu. Nsomba yaying'ono imatha kukhala yokoma komanso yokongola kwambiri - zimatengera mtundu womwe ukukambidwa. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, kuyambira yodziwika kwambiri komanso yotsiriza ndi nsomba zosowa kwenikweni.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 08/17/2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 17.08.2019 nthawi ya 16:00
