Kondomu yamphongo ndi imodzi mwazinyama zazikulu kwambiri zouluka padziko lapansi. Makondawo ndi miimba yayikulu kwambiri yolemera makilogalamu 8 mpaka 15. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyo kumachokera pa 100 mpaka 130 cm, mapiko ake ndi akulu - kuchokera 2.5 mpaka 3.2 m.Dzina lasayansi la condor ndi Vultur gryphus. Vultur amatanthauza "kung'amba" ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi kudya nyama, ndipo "gryphus" amatanthauza griffin wopeka.
Kuwonekera mawonekedwe
Makondomu amaphimbidwa ndi nthenga zakuda - mtundu waukulu, komanso thupi limakongoletsedwa ndi nthenga zoyera. Mitu yawo yopanda ubweya, yopanda mnofu ndiyo njira yabwino yodyera nyama: kusowa kwa nthenga kumalola ma condor kukoka mitu yawo kukhala mitembo ya nyama osadetsa kwambiri mitu yawo. Chikopa chakuda chakuda chakuda chakhazikika pamutu ndi m'khosi. Makondomu ndi opatsirana pogonana: amuna amakhala ndi khungu lofiira, lotchedwa caruncle, pamwamba pa milomo yawo.
Kodi ma condors amakhala kuti
Kugawidwa kwa condor kamodzi kunali kotakata, kuyambira ku Venezuela kupita ku Tierra del Fuego kumapeto kwa South America. Achibale apafupi a ma conde aku Andes amakhala ku California. Ngakhale kuti amapezeka kumadera ambiri aku America, kuchuluka kwawo kudachepa kwambiri, anthu otchuka kwambiri amapezeka kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Patagonia.
Makondomu aku California
Ma condors amakhala m'malo odyetserako ziweto ndi mapiri okwera mapiri, amatsikira kukadyetsa nkhalango zakumwera kwa Patagonia ndi madera akumwera a Peru ndi Chile.
Zakudya za mbalame
Makondorala amagwiritsa ntchito maso awo akuthwa ndi luntha kuti apeze nyama. Amayendayenda m'mapiri, kufunafuna chakudya chomwe amakonda - chovunda - m'malo obisika. Monga nyama zina zolusa zina, dongosolo la chakudya cha ma condor aku Andes limatsimikiziridwa ndi malo achitetezo, pomwe wamkulu wamwamuna amadyetsa woyamba ndipo wamkazi womaliza womaliza. Mbalamezi zimayenda mtunda wautali pafupifupi makilomita 320 tsiku lililonse, ndipo kutalika kwake komwe zimauluka kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuwona manambala kapena njira zosamukira.
Mbalamezi zimatha kuona nyamayo kwa makilomita ambiri. Makondala amatenga zotsalira za nyama zambiri, kuphatikizapo:
- alpaca;
- guanaco;
- ng'ombe;
- bwalo lalikulu;
- mbawala.
Nthawi zina ma condor amaba mazira kuzisa za mbalame zazing'ono ndikuchotsa ana obadwa kumene a nyama zina. Nthawi zambiri, ma condor amatsata zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala zoyamba kupeza nyama. Ubalewu ndiwothandiza onse, chifukwa ma condor amang'amba khungu lolimba la nyama zakufa ndi zikhadabo ndi milomo, zimapereka mwayi wosavuta kwa nyama zazing'ono.
Kuthetsa mwamtendere mikangano
Pakulimbana ndi anthu amtundu wake ndi mbalame zina zakufa, kondonduyo amadalira zochitika zamwambo zomwe zimawonetsa kulamulira. Mikangano imathetsedwa mwachangu mbalame yolemekezeka ikangodziwika. Kukumana kwakuthupi ndikosowa, ndipo nthenga zosakhwima siziteteza thupi la condor.
Makhalidwe azikhalidwe ndi machitidwe a ma condor
Mbalamezi zimakwera kutalika kwa 5.5 km. Amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde otentha kuti aziuluka mozungulira dera lalikulu. Makondomu amachepetsa kutentha kwa thupi lawo usiku kuti asunge mphamvu ndikukweza mapiko awo kangapo masana kuti akhale otentha. Mwa kutambasula mapiko awo, imakweza nthenga zomwe zimagwada zikauluka. Makondomu nthawi zambiri amakhala zolengedwa zopanda phokoso, alibe mawu odziwika bwino, koma mbalame zimangolira ndikulira.
Momwe ma condor amasamalira ana awo
Makondala amapeza wokwatirana naye moyo wonse, amakhala zaka 50 m'chilengedwe. Makondomu amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Mbalameyi siyimafika msanga msanga monga mitundu ina, koma imakhwima kuti igwirizane ikafika zaka 6 mpaka 8 zakubadwa.
Nthawi zambiri mbalamezi zimakhala m'matanthwe komanso m'miyala. Zisa zimakhala ndi nthambi zochepa chabe, chifukwa pali mitengo yochepa ndi zinthu zazomera kumtunda kwakutali chonchi. Popeza zisa sizitha kufikiridwa ndi zilombo zambiri ndipo zimatetezedwa mwamphamvu ndi makolo onse awiri, kudya mazira ndi ana sikupezeka kawirikawiri, ngakhale nkhandwe ndi mbalame zodya nyama nthawi zina zimayandikira mokwanira kupha ana amakondwe.
Mkaziyo amayikira dzira limodzi loyera moyera, lomwe amawombedwa ndi makolo onse kwa masiku pafupifupi 59. Popeza achichepere amatenga nthawi yayitali komanso kuyesetsa kuti alere, ma condor amaikira dzira lawo patatha chaka chimodzi. Mbalame zazing'ono sizimauluka mpaka zitakwanitsa miyezi 6, ndipo zimadalira makolo awo kwa zaka zina ziwiri.
Kusunga mitundu
Chiwerengero cha ma condor chakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pazaka zingapo zapitazi, ngakhale mbalamezi sizinalembedwe kuti ndizowopsa. Masiku ano, ma condor amasakidwa masewera ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphedwa ndi alimi omwe amayesera kuteteza nyama zawo. Makondoriya amafa chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amadzikundikira mwa nyama zawo, zomwe zimakhudza adani omwe ali pamwamba pa unyolo.
