Akatswiri ambiri am'madzi am'madzi otchedwa aquarium, atamva mawu oti "mpeni", samaimira zida zokha zokha, komanso nsomba zachilendo. Mpeni waku India kapena wonyezimira udafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1831, komabe, anthu amderali amadziwa nsomba iyi kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo ngakhale isanakhale chiweto chodziwika bwino cha m'nyanja ya aquarium, amaigwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Maonekedwe
Nsombayo idatchulidwapo chifukwa chakapangidwe kachilendo ka thupi lake, lomwe limafanana ndi mpeni. Zipsepse zapansi ndi zooneka bwino zimaphatikizidwa ndikupanga phompho limodzi lalitali, lofanana ndi masamba akuthwa, chifukwa chake nsombayo imayenda. Masikelo ndi ochepa, silvery; mawanga akuda amapezeka m'litali lonse la thupi. Kawirikawiri ndi maalubino okhala ndi zolemba zoyera m'mbali. Mwachilengedwe, kutalika kwa mpeni wa diso kumatha kufikira mita, pomwe kulemera kwa munthu wotere kumachokera ku 5 mpaka 10 kg. Mu ukapolo, mtundu uwu ndi wocheperako, ndipo kukula kwake komaliza kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira 25 mpaka 50 cm, kutengera kukula kwa aquarium yomwe imasungidwa.
Ponena za kutalika kwa moyo, nsomba iyi, mwanjira ina, ndi yomwe imasunga nsomba zoweta, nthawi yayitali ya mpeni waku India kuyambira zaka 9 mpaka 16.
Chikhalidwe
Nthawi zambiri, oimira achichepere amtunduwu amapezeka m'magulu akulu mosungiramo komwe kuli bata, m'nkhalango zambiri za algae kapena mumizu ya mitengo yodzaza madzi. Okalamba amakonda kukhala moyo wawokha ndikukhala moyo wawo wonse akusaka, akumenya ozunzidwa powabisalira. Chifukwa chakuti mpeni wamaso umakhala m'madzi ofunda, osayenda, nsomba iyi imamva bwino mukamakhala mpweya wochepa.
Nsomba zamadzi amadzi, Hitala Ornata, kapena, monga amatchulidwira, mpeni waku India, amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Posachedwa, mtundu uwu udawonekeranso ku United States. Nsombazo sizinathe kufika ku kontinentiyi, chifukwa ndi madzi opanda mchere ndipo sizingathe kupirira maulendo owoloka nyanja. Mwinanso, munthu yemwe samadziwa kusamalira nsomba zosauka amulola kulowa mumtsinje, ndipo adazolowera ndikuyamba kugonjetsa magawo atsopano. Ngakhale nsombazo ndizodzichepetsa, muyenera kumvetsetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo mukamapanga mpeni.
Kuswana ndi kudyetsa
Mutha kugula mipeni yaku India pafupifupi kulikonse, nthawi zambiri imagulitsidwa kale muunyamata. Kukula kwa nsomba zotere sikungapitirire masentimita 10. Koma musati musangalale ndikukhala ndi aquarium yaying'ono powonjezerapo, kupulumutsa chiweto chatsopano. Mpeni wamaso umafunikira thanki yokhala ndi malita osachepera 200, pokhapokha ngati nsomba zili ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, ichi ndi chiyambi chabe, kotero kwa munthu wamkulu, kutengera kukula kwake, pangafunike aquarium ya malita 1000.
Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti mpeni wa ku India ndi wolusa, komanso ngakhale wosungulumwa, kotero ngati mungaganize zoyamba nsomba zingapo, ndiye konzekerani kuti amunawo nthawi zambiri amamenya nkhondo. Pankhondo zoterezi, nsomba zitha kuwonongeka ndimitsempha ya m'mero, yomwe imabweretsa imfa yake. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula Hitala imodzi yokha, kapena kungoyambitsa mipeni padera, aliyense ali ndi aquarium yake. Kuphatikiza pa anzawo, nsombazi ndizosangalala kudya ochepa oimira nyama zam'madzi (tsopano zikuwonekeratu chifukwa chake adaganiza zololeza mpeni wa diso kuti usambe mumtsinje ku USA). Komabe pali nsomba zingapo, zoyandikana zomwe sizingawononge mpeni kapena iwowo. Izi ndi:
- Arowana;
- Kukwapula;
- Pangasius;
- Shark mpira;
- Plekostomus;
- Kupsompsona gourami ndi mitundu ina yofananira.
Popeza chitala ndi chilombo, ndipo mwachilengedwe chimadya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba, nkhono ndi nkhanu, kunyumba iyeneranso kudyetsedwa ndi "mbale" zosiyanasiyana za nyama, nsomba zazing'ono, nyongolotsi ndi zina zopanda nyama ndizabwino kwa iwo. Ndi bwino kupatsa chakudya mipeni yaku India madzulo, koma omwe azolowera aquarium amatha kudyetsedwa masana.
Ndikofunikira kukonzekeretsa aquarium kuti kuwonekera kwake kukhale kofanana ndi zachilengedwe momwe mpeni wamaso umakhalira. Popeza nsomba zamtunduwu zimayenda usiku, zimafuna miyala kapena algae wandiweyani m'madzi obisalamo masana. "Nyumba" zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsanso zitha kukhala zoyenera, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti nsombazo zimakhala zomasuka.
Hitala adzamva bwino ngati kutentha kwa madzi kumasinthasintha kuchokera pa 24 mpaka 28 madigiri, ndipo acidity yake iyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka 6-6.5 pH. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakonda kwambiri magawo amadzi; nsomba zazing'ono zina zimafa ndi mantha ngati zinthu sizili bwino. Nsomba zachikale zimatha kulimbana ndimatenthedwe osiyanasiyana komanso kusintha kwina kwakunja. Madzi am'madzi am'madzi, osatengera msinkhu wa nsomba, ayenera kutsukidwa kamodzi pamlungu, chifukwa nsomba zamtunduwu zimayipitsa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kusintha 2/3 yama voliyumu athunthu amadzi omwe amatsanulira mu aquarium.
Hitala Ornata - wolanda zoipa kapena chokongoletsera cha aquarium?
Ngakhale kuti ndi wokonda magazi, nsomba zamtunduwu zili ndi maubwino ake, zomwe zimaphimba khalidweli:
- Maonekedwe achilendo.
Thupi loyera la utoto, lokhala ndi mawanga akuda m'litali mwake lonse, limachita chidwi, makamaka nsomba iyi ikuyenda.
- Kupezeka.
Ngakhale amawoneka achilendo, nsomba iyi ndiyosavuta kupeza, ingopita kumalo ogulitsira nyama zilizonse omwe amagulitsa nsomba.
- Mtengo wotsika.
Popeza mpeni wa diso ndi wamba, mtengo wake siotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo umalola pafupifupi munthu aliyense wamba kugula munthu wokongola uyu.
Zoyipa zake zimangokhala kusodza kwa nsombazi, komanso kuti sizoyenera kuti oyamba kumene kuyiyambitsa, makamaka akadali achichepere, popeza imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi magawo am'madzi am'madzi ndipo imatha kufa mosavuta.
Chisamaliro choyenera chimakupatsani mwayi kwa zaka zambiri osati kungosilira woimira wokongola uyu wa nyama zam'madzi nokha, komanso kuti muwonetse anzanu nsomba yabwinoyi.
