Catfish pterygoplicht kapena brocade catfish, ndi am'banja la loricaria ndi chain catfish. Nsombazi zidadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, cha m'ma 1945. Kenako dziko lonse lapansi lidamveka dzina la Kner, yemwe adapeza mtundu watsopano, Ancistrus gibbiceps. Pambuyo popezeka izi, padapita nthawi yayitali mtunduwu usanasankhidwe kamba kansombaka. Chifukwa chake mu 1980 adayamba kunena za pterygoplichts, ndipo kuyambira 2003 kupita ku glyptoperichts. L-manambala 083 ndi 165 amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendera.
Kufotokozera
Pali mitundu ingapo yamafuta a catfish, amatha kuwoneka 
pachithunzichi. Mitundu yonse ili ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono mbali zonse ziwiri pakamwa. Zipsepse zam'mimba ndi zam'mimba zimagwiranagwirana poyenda. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nthumwi iyi imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi dorsal fin, yomwe imawoneka ngati seyera. Ndiyamika kwa iye, nsomba zamphongozo zidalandira dzina lotere. Chomaliza chokongola kwambiri komanso chokongola mwa oimira achichepere. Ngati tikulankhula za mitundu yoyamba, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mithunzi kuyambira golide mpaka wakuda. Mizere yomwe ili pathupi imawonekera pachithunzicho, chifukwa ili ndi utoto wosakhwima. Amakhala ngati nyalugwe. Chitsanzocho chimayenda mthupi lonse ndikufalikira pamapiko onse. Brokore pterygoplicht ili ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa, mikwingwirima yomwe imatuluka mthupi mwake imasintha ndi msinkhu komanso mawonekedwe ake amatha kuweruza ndi zaka za woimira. Chifukwa chake, achinyamata amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a mawanga, ndi mizere yayikulu yomwe imapanga mtundu wa gridi. Mitundu yonse yamatenda imakhala yosinthika kwambiri, chifukwa chake zosintha zokhudzana ndi zaka zimatha kuwonedwa. Pakutha kwa moyo, mawanga amatha kutayika kwathunthu.
Kufunika kwa katchiyu m'gulu lazakudya sikunganyalanyazidwe. Ili ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri ku South America.
Chikhalidwe
Brocade catfish ndiyofala kwambiri m'mphepete mwa Brazil ndi Peru chifukwa chakuchepa kwamadzi am'deralo. Momwemonso, anthu ochepa awonedwa ku Rio Pacaya, m'malo omwe madzi amayenda pang'ono. Nsomba zokhudzana ndi mitunduyi zimatha kupanga magulu kuti azisaka limodzi chakudya muzomvetsa chisoni.
Zomwe zilibe vuto lalikulu. Nsomba zam'madzi sizimangokhalira kusankha za mpweya wa m'nyanja. Ngati muletsa kupezeka kwa mpweya m'madzi, ndiye kuti imadzikweza pamwamba pamadzi ndikutenga mpweya, womwe umakhala m'matumbo ndikuthandizira thupi m'madzi opanda pake. Komabe, kuti pakhale pabwino pakasamba kansomba, ndibwino kuti pakhale kanthawi kakang'ono ndikuyika fyuluta. Ngati izi sizingatheke, yesetsani kusintha madziwo nthawi zonse. Ngati izi sizinachitike, mabowo amatha kupanga mamina.
Zofunikira zamadzi:
- 23-29 madigiri;
- Mulingo wa acidity uli pafupi 6.6-7.6;
- Kulimbikira kosapitirira 20 dH.
Brocade catfish imafuna zakudya zosiyanasiyana, zopatsa thanzi. Kuti anthu akule ndikukula, m'pofunika kupereka chakudya chomera:
- Kabichi;
- Sipinachi;
- Saladi;
- Mtola wobiriwira;
- Zamasamba.
Ngati muwonjezera mapuloteni azinyama kumasamba omwe adatchulidwa, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chakudya choyenera cha nsombazi. Zomwe achinyamata ndi akulu ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pazinyama zazing'ono, shrimp imayenera kudulidwa, zotsalazo zitha kuperekedwa kwathunthu.
Kuti anthu okhala mumtambo wa aquarium amveke bwino, ikani nkhuni zosiyanasiyana, miphika yadongo ndi zinthu zokongoletsera pansi. Catfish, kudyetsa zolembera pa iwo, kuteteza matenda m'mimba, kukhala ndi mtundu wowala ndikukhala moyo wautali. Kuphatikiza apo, malo okongola amapanga zithunzi zabwino zomwe zidzasandulike zanu.
Ngati, kuwonjezera pa pterygoplicht, pali nsomba zosusuka komanso zachangu mu aquarium yanu, ndiye kuti pali chiopsezo cha njala ya catfish njala, popeza chakudyacho sichingafikire. Kuti mudziwe mafuta, onani pamimba. Kuzungulira ndi wandiweyani ndi chizindikiro cha zakudya zabwino komanso zokwanira.
Zokhutira
Mpaka kuti nsomba za brocade zifike pa masentimita 11-13, ndibwino kuti muzisunga m'madzi osapitilira 90 masentimita. Nsomba ikadutsa malire, tumizani munthu wamkulu kupita ku aquarium ya malita 300 120-130 sentimita mulifupi.
Kupangitsa zomwe zili mu aquarium kukhala zachilengedwe kwa iwo, zidule zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kubereketsa malo achilengedwe amtsinje kumathandizira anthu. Kuti mubwererenso kumalo omwe mumawadziwa, gwiritsani ntchito:
- Drift nkhuni;
- Miyala;
- Miyala;
- Ngalande;
- Misasa;
- Zamasamba.
Ndikoyenera kutchula algae padera. Ayenera kutsekedwa motetezeka kwambiri, chifukwa pakagwa njala, broctery pterygoplicht iyenera kuwalowera. Zochita zake zitha kuwononga chomeracho. Amatha kugwetsa pansi, kuwaswa, kukumba. Ponena za mitundu ya algae, nsomba zamatchire sizosankha. Sankhani zithunzi zomwe mumakonda ndikupanga malo ofanana mu aquarium yanu.
Chonde dziwani kuti payenera kukhala nsomba imodzi yokha yamtunduwu mu aquarium. Amagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zina, koma samalekerera mtundu wake. Dikirani ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa munthu wachiwiri mpaka madzi achite bwino ndipo mwalandira nyumba yabwino.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti brocade catfish siyodziwika ndi kugonana poyang'ana koyamba. Amadzi odziwa zamadzi okha ndi omwe amatha kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi ndi papilla. Kuti muthane ndi munthu yemwe muli naye, yang'anani zithunzi zomwe zikuwonetsa chinthuchi ndikuwunika bwino nsomba zanu. Tsoka ilo, ngakhale oweta angafune zochuluka motani, sikungatheke kubzala pterygoplicht kunyumba. Popeza akazi amatha kuikira mazira m'mabowo akuya, omwe sangathe kupanga kunyumba. Chifukwa chake, aliyense wa iwo omwe amagulitsidwa adagwidwa m'madzi achilengedwe.
Brocade pterygoplicht imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo sichikhala motalika, pafupifupi zaka 15. Kuyang'ana chithunzi cha nthumwi yokongola iyi, ambiri molakwika amaganiza kuti mphamba ndiwotetezeka kwa anthu ena. Mgwirizano wapakati pa mphaka ziwiri ukhoza kukhala wokonda magazi. Wamphamvuyo amamugwira mnzake ndi chikopa cha pectoral, ndikuyamba kumukoka. Izi zitha kubweretsa kuvulala koopsa kwa wotsutsa. Mutha kuwona momwe izi zimachitikira pazithunzi, zomwe zilipo zambiri pa intaneti.
