Krasnodar Territory nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Kuban ndi anthu, ngakhale, ndi yayikulu, ndipo ili ndi zigawo zina. Koma zidachitika choncho. Kuban kwa ife ndi Krasnodar Territory, malo olemekezeka, nkhokwe ya dziko lathu, Cossack patrimony. Dera lolimba, lolimba, laulere, lopatsa.
Umatchedwa choncho ndi mtsinje waukulu womwe ukuyenda apa - Kuban, yomwe imadutsa Nyanja ya Azov ndikugawa malowa m'zigawo ziwiri. Malo okhala kumpoto amakhala ku Kuban-Priazovskaya lowland ndipo, malinga ndi dera, amapanga magawo awiri mwa atatu a dera lonselo. Gawo lakumwera, mapiri ndi mapiri, lili pa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a dera lomwe lili m'munsi mwa Greater Caucasus. Malo okwera kwambiri ndi Phiri la Tsakhvoa (3345 m).
Mawu oti "Kuban" atha kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Turkic ngati "mtsinje wa kavalo" kapena "mtsinje wankhanza, wamphamvu". Mtsinje wakuyawu ndiye chinthu choyamba chomwe chimakhudza chilengedwe modabwitsa. Mpumulo wake umadziwika ndi mitsinje ndi madambo osefukira, omwe ali ndi microclimate yawo yapadera. Chifukwa chake chilengedwe chokongola komanso nyama zosangalatsa komanso mbalame.
Chachiwiri, koma chosafunikira kwenikweni chomwe chimakhudza chilengedwe ndi mapiri ndi mapiri. Mwachitsanzo, Taman Peninsula ndi chitsanzo cha mpumulo wokhazikika, pomwe zigwa zosanja zimasinthasintha ndi mapiri. Kudera la chilumbachi kuli mapiri 30 ophulika, omwe akadali ovuta kale.
Phiri lophulika kwambiri - Karabetova Gora, limatha kufika mamita 152. Ku Taman kuli hydrogen sulfide silt ndi mchere matope, omwe akuchiritsa. Katundu wawo samamvetsetseka konse. Pakali pano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza misempha, m'mimba, matumbo ndi mafupa. Koma kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndikadali kwakukulu.
Kudera la Kuban, munthu amatha kuwona kusintha kwa nyengo zitatu - kontrakitala, kouma pang'ono ku Mediterranean komanso kotentha. Awiri omaliza amadziwika pagombe la Black Sea. Nthawi zambiri mphepo yamphamvu imawomba pano, amatchedwa bora. M'dera la Novorossiysk, Anapa ndi Gelendzhik, mphepo ya bora imathamanga mpaka 15 m / s, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka 40 m / s.
M'chigawo chapakati, timakumana ndi dzinja lotentha komanso nyengo yotentha. Ili ndilo dera lakumwera komanso lotentha kwambiri ku Russia, kupatula pomwe limasambitsidwa ndi nyanja ziwiri - Black ndi Azov. Ichi ndichinthu chachitatu chomwe chimakhudza nyengo ndi chikhalidwe cha derali. Ndipo tsopano tafika poti mawu oti "ambiri" amatchulidwa pafupipafupi. Kungoti kuli malo ambiri apadera ku Krasnodar Territory.
Nyanja Yakuda imadziwika kuti ndi yotentha kwambiri ku Russia. Koma mumakhala nyama zam'madzi zokha mpaka kuya kwa mita 150-200. Palibe amene amakhala pansi chifukwa cha hydrogen sulfide yoyipa. Nyanjayi imakhala ndi shark ambiri amantha - katran. Amaopa mwamuna, ndipo amamusaka mosangalala chifukwa cha nyama yokoma komanso yofewa.
Malo osungira malo omwe ali m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Sochi, Adler, Anapa, Gelendzhik - mayina awa tawadziwa kuyambira ali mwana ngati malo abwino kwambiri achi Russia. Koma palinso mphindi zapadera zaulemerero. Novorossiysk ndi mzinda wolimba mtima ku Russia, ndipo Tuapse ndi Anapa ndi mizinda yotchuka yankhondo chifukwa chotenga nawo gawo mu Great Patriotic War.
Sochi mwaulemu adachita nawo Olimpiki Achisanu a 2014. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi malo otalikirapo kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso mzinda wakumpoto kwambiri wokhala ndi nyengo yotentha. Koma m'zaka za zana la 19, Sochi anali malo othawirako, monganso m'madambo a malungo.
Katran ndi yaying'ono kwambiri pakati pa nsombazi
Nyanja ya Azov ndiye nyanja yosazama kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso yaying'ono kwambiri ku Russia. M'chilimwe kumatentha mpaka madigiri 25 kuchokera pagombe, ndipo nthawi yozizira imazizira kwa miyezi inayi. Madzi oundanawo amafika pakukwanira masentimita 90. Nyanjayi imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamadzi okhala ndi nsomba ku Russia.
Krasnodar safari park ndiye wamkulu kwambiri ku Russia. Ndipo Dolphinarium "Big Utrish" ndiye yokhayo padziko lapansi. Pomaliza, titha kuwonjezera kuti tiyi wa Krasnodar ndiye tiyi wakumpoto kwambiri padziko lapansi. Mwambiri, ndizosadabwitsa kuti tiyi amalima kumeneko, koma izi zimangotsimikizira kuti nyengo yachigawochi ndi yapadera.
Zinyama za m'dera la Krasnodar zambirimbiri komanso zosiyanasiyana. Chigawochi chimakhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 90 ya nyama, mitundu yoposa 300 ya mbalame, pafupifupi mitundu 20 ya zokwawa ndi 11 - amphibians. Palibe malo okwanira kuti akambirane za aliyense wa iwo. Tidzangolankhula zazosangalatsa kwambiri, osayiwala kuwunikira pagulu "Nyama za Red Data Book ku Krasnodar Territory ".
Zinyama
1. Zimbalangondo zofiirira zaku Caucasus (Red Data Book ya Krasnodar Territory - KKKK, kuchokera pano). Pali pafupifupi 300 mwa iwo omwe atsala kuthengo. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimadya nyama kwambiri. Kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 300-350 kg. Ikayima ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, imakula mpaka mamita 2. Nyama yanzeru komanso yochenjera. Omnivorous, koma amakonda nsomba yaiwisi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala yekha.
2. Lynx Caucasian - anthu 500 mchigawochi, oimira nyama zolusa. Anawoneka kangapo pamapiri a Kuban. Kutalika mpaka 110 cm, kumatha kumva kununkhiza, kumva ndi masomphenya ndizapadera.
Chovalacho ndi chotuwa ndi malo akuda ambiri, m'makutu mwake muli mphonje zazing'ono zaubweya. Mchira ndi wamfupi. Imasaka ndikulumpha mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu. Ikhoza kugawidwa ngati "Zowopsa za nyama za m'dera la Krasnodar»
3. Kambuku wa ku Central Asia ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nyama yokongola, yachisomo, yoopsa. Ili ndi khungu lonyezimira lagolide lokhala ndi mawanga akuda. Kumbuyo kuli mawanga akulu akulu angapo - ndizachidziwikire. Sakonda madzi, kukwera mitengo ndi mapiri. Amapezeka ku Transcaucasia ndi Caucasus.
4. Katchi wamtchire wa ku Caucasus ndi nyama yayikulu kwambiri yodya nyama. Amakhala moyo wobisika, wopezeka m'nkhalango za Krasnodar Territory m'dera lochepa. Kutalika kwake kumafika 0,5 m, mutu ndi waukulu, maso ndi ozungulira, m'nyengo yozizira malaya amizeremizere amakhala olimba ndi mkanjo wofewa. Mwini zikhadabo zazitali komanso zakuthwa. Chiwerengero cha anthu chikuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa.
5. Mavalidwe a Ferret, ofanana ndi ferret wamba. Phiri lokongola komanso lokongola ndi cholusa choopsa kuchokera kubanja la weasel. Mtundu wosiyanasiyana ndiye kusiyana kwake kwakukulu ndi anthu ena. Izi zikuwoneka kuti ndizobisalira mwanzeru. Imasaka mbewa, nyani ndi makoswe ena. Anthu adadwala munthu, adaphedwa chifukwa cha khungu lokongola.
6. Njati za m'mapiri zili m'gulu la nyama zobwezerezedwanso. Tsopano mu Kuban muli nyama zikuluzikulu pafupifupi 420. Wokhala m'nkhalango yamapiri, amakhala pamalo okwera 2000 m pamwamba pamadzi. Kukula kwa thupi kukufota - 1.8 m, kutalika 3-3.3 m Kulemera - kuchokera 400 mpaka 600 kg.
Akazi ndi ochepa. Chovalacho ndi chamdima wakuda, chopindika, mutu wake ndiwokulirapo, womwe uli pansi pofota, wokhala ndi nyanga zazing'ono zopindika. Amanena za anthu oterewa "otopa". Imodzi mwa nyama zakale kwambiri, makolo ake amakumbukira mammoths.
7. Caucasus chamois, mtundu winawake wamapiri, umatha kufika liwiro la 50 km / h. M'nyengo yotentha, khungu limakhala lalanje, m'nyengo yozizira malaya amakula, kumbuyo kumakhala kofiirira, mimba yoyera, mbali zonse imvi. Amuna ali ndi nyanga zozungulira. Chamois wochepa thupi, wamphamvu, wosamala kwambiri, osamuwona mdaniyo, m'kuphethira kwa diso amatha.
8. Otter aku Caucasus, nyama yodya nyama yaying'ono ngati marten kapena mink, wosaka mwakhama, amapezeka pafupi ndi madzi. Chovalacho ndi chofiirira, masaya ndi chifuwa ndi zoyera. Pachithunzicho amawoneka wokwiya chifukwa cha mphuno yokhazikika komanso nsidze "zowuma", wokonda mitsinje yopanda madzi ozizira, makamaka popeza ndi oyera. Usiku Wosaka. Pali pafupifupi 260 mwa iwo mwachilengedwe.
9. European mink, nyama yosawerengeka yobala ubweya yokhala ndi ubweya wandiweyani wokongola kwambiri. Amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Amadyetsa amphibiya, nsomba, makoswe, tizilombo. Pali zotsala pafupifupi 200 mderali.
10. Ulendo wakumadzulo (Kuban), womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa mbuzi yamapiri. Maulendo amakhala kutali kwambiri m'mapiri, pafupifupi mamita 3000. Ali kumeneko, akuyang'ana pansi nyama zonse. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi nyanga, ndipo amuna nawonso amakhala ndi ndevu.
Ngati achita mantha, amathawa pamiyala, podziwa kuti kwa ena sichitha kufikako. Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, nthawi zina gulu lonse limakhala banja limodzi lotsogozedwa ndi mtsogoleri wamwamuna. Amachita chidwi kwambiri, amawalola kuti adziyandikire okha. M'gulu lomwe "lili pangozi" malinga ndi International Union for Conservation of Nature, silinaphatikizidwebe mu Red Book.
11. Sika agwape anali pafupi kutha pankhope ya dziko lapansi mzaka zapitazi. Nyama yokoma, ubweya woyang'ana koyambirira ndi nyerere zamtengo wapatali zazing'ono, zomwe amapangira mankhwala osokoneza bongo - ndichifukwa chake anthu adafafaniza nyama iyi. Tsopano zinthu zasintha pang'ono, koma akadali m'mabuku onse a Red Data, onse aku Russia ndi Russia, ndi KK Kuban.
12. Weasel ndiye nyama yaying'ono kwambiri, koma osati yamtendere kwambiri. Mpaka masentimita 20 kutalika, koma molimba mtima komanso mokwiya siocheperapo kwa ziweto zazikulu. Amasaka makoswe, amatha kuwononga anthu atatu tsiku limodzi. M'nthawi ya Soviet, raccoon inali yotchuka. Anakhazikika bwino m'dera la Krasnodar.
Kukula kwa galu wamng'ono, thupi mpaka 60 cm m'litali, mpaka 8 kg. Miyendo ndi yaifupi, mchira wake ndi wautali komanso wafooka. Mphuno yakuthwa ndi zotupa zam'mbali. Makutu ndi ozungulira. Mawanga akuda kuzungulira maso. Zoyikapo zakutsogolo zili ngati manja ang'onoang'ono, zimakonda kumenyera m'madzi, kapena kutsuka chakudya kapena zinthu zapakhomo. Chovalacho ndi cholimba, chasiliva. Amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi.
Ma Weasel nthawi zambiri amalanda nkhuku
Mwina, titha kukhazikika pazinthu izi pofotokozera mutu wakuti "Zinyama zakutchire za Krasnodar Territory "... Chifukwa nthawi zambiri nyama zina zimapezeka kumadera ena. Komabe, tiziwadziwa mwachidule. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Kuban ndi malo omwe amakonda kwambiri okonda kusaka. Mukalandira chiphaso, mutha kubwera ndikusaka nyama zotsatirazi:
13. Nguluwe. Tsopano pali pafupifupi 10,000 mwa mtundu wa Kuban. Chilombo chachikulu chowopsa, chodabwitsa. Tsitsi lolimba kwambiri la bulauni, mano ndi mawonekedwe oyipa. Chilolezo chololera.
14. Mimbulu ya m'derali ndi yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa nkhandwe. Ndi ocheperako, onenepa, mtundu wa malayawo ndi akuda pang'ono chifukwa chakuthwa kwa tsitsi lofiirira. Pali okwanira a iwo m'derali zinyama.
15. Nkhandwe zimakhala zofiira kwambiri ndi mawere oyera. Ankhandwe a Kuban ndi ochepa kukula, opanda ungwiro, osachita mantha, amatha kuyandikira midzi. Amaloledwa kusaka mwalamulo.
16. Nkhandwe kapena nkhandwe yagolide — canine wolusa. Kunja zimawoneka ngati nkhandwe yaying'ono. Khalidwe lake ndi lobisalira komanso wamantha. Amasuntha bwino kwambiri komanso mwachangu. Iwo akhala m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda ya Caucasus kwanthawi yayitali. Zimaswana bwino m'malo okhala ndi bango. Chiwerengero chawo ku Kuban nthawi zina chimadutsa malire ovomerezeka, ndiye kuwombera kwa nyama izi kumaloledwa.
Pofunafuna chakudya, mimbulu imatha kuzemba m'nyumba za anthu
17. Agalu amphaka amafanana ndi galu wamng'ono. Ma paw ndi afupi. Imafanana ndi mtundu wa raccoon wamizere. Amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a morphological, mu raccoon thupi limayandikira kwambiri la nyani, galu wa raccoon - nkhandwe kapena canine.
Ma paw ndi osiyana, ma raccoon amalimbikira. Mchira wa raccoon ndi mphete, galu wa raccoon alibe mphete. Makutu ndi amfupi, mphuno imameta kwambiri. Ndipo amadziwa momwe yap. Malo okondedwa ndi madambo onyowa. Ma burrows nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mbira kapena nkhandwe, samadzikumba kawirikawiri.
Nthawi zina anthu amachuluka ndipo amawononga midzi. Gwape ofiira, agwape agwape, agwape agwape, elk, hares, akalulu, agologolo, mbira ndi martens – nyamazi zitha kukhala zinthu zosakidwa chilolezo.
Komanso zikupezeka apa:
1. Ochokera kubanja la odziunjikira, gulu lalikulu kwambiri lazinyama. Pali mitundu 179. Mutha kuwona zazing'ono ndi zoyera zazingwe, ndi Volnukhin shrew.
2. Timadontho tating'onoting'ono ta ku Caucasus, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kukula kwake ndi utoto wake, amafanana ndi aku Europe, koma maso awo okha amabisika pansi pa khungu lochepa. Kukula kwake kutalika kwa 10-14 cm, mchira 3 cm, kulemera 40-95 g.
3. Vole yamadzi ndi vole wamba (mbewa yochokera ku hamsters), ferrets, mbewa zopondereza.
Mileme
Tasankha pamitundu mitundu yokhayo yomwe imalembedwa mu Red Book la Krasnodar Region m'magulu osiyanasiyana: kuchokera "kuchititsa nkhawa zochepa" mpaka "kuwonongeka."
1. Kuyenda usiku kwa ginger ndi mileme yayikulu yochokera ku banja la mphuno zosalala, imalemera 20-40 g, kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 6-8, mapiko otalika masentimita 30-40. Pansi pake pamakhala chopepuka. Mitundu yocheperako.
2. Giant Vechernitsa ndiye mileme yayikulu kwambiri ku Europe. Kukula kwake kuyambira masentimita 8 mpaka 10, mapiko otalika masentimita 41-48, kulemera mpaka magalamu 76. Mtunduwo ndi wofiira.
3. Vechernitsa yaying'ono (Leisler Vechernitsa) ndiye yaying'ono kwambiri pa Vechernitsa omwe atchulidwa. Kukula kwa 5-6 cm, kulemera mpaka 20 g. Amakhala ndi mabanja.
4. Shirokushka European kapena snub-nosed-long-ear bat - mileme kuchokera ku mtundu wa Shiroushki. Wamng'ono, wamdima wakuda. Chovalacho chimachokera ku chokoleti mpaka chakuda chakuda. Kulemera kwa 6-15 g. Khutu ndi notch yosaya kutsogolo, ndi lobe yaying'ono kumbuyo.
5. Njenjete ndi mtundu wa mileme yosalala bwino, kuphatikiza mitundu pafupifupi 100. Kulemera kwawo ndi kwa 25 mpaka 45 g, mphukira ndi yolitali, makutu amatha kutalika komanso kufupikitsa, malayawo ndi aatali, olimba, kuchokera kumchenga mpaka kufiyira kowoneka bwino.
Buku Lofiira la Krasnodar Territory linali ndi mitundu ingapo: lakuthwa kwambiri, dziwe, tricolor, Bechstein, Natterer, Brandt, mustachioed, steppe.
6. Mleme - mileme, mphuno zosalala, mileme, ili ndi mitundu 40. Kulemera kwa 3 mpaka 20 g, mphutsi yafupikitsidwa, makutu ndi ang'ono, mapiko opapatiza komanso akuthwa, mtunduwo umakhala wakuda bulauni mpaka mchenga wokhala ndi utoto wofiira. Mu Red Book lachigawochi pali mitundu iwiri: mileme yazing'ono ndi mileme ya Mediterranean.
7. Mapiko Amtundu Wautali - Iyi ndi mileme yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pachizindikiro cha Batman. Mapiko aatali ndiwo mawonekedwe ake akulu. Chifukwa cha iwo, amatha kufikira liwiro la 70 km / h ndikuuluka maulendo ataliatali. Ndege yokhazikika ndi 285 km.
8. Mleme wa kavalo wakumwera, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, ndi mleme wokhala ndi mphuno yayifupi yooneka ngati nsapato. Mtundu wa malayawo ndi wotuwa, kumbuyo kumakhala mdima, nthawi zina kumakhala kofiirira, amakhala m'mapanga kapena m'matumba.
9. Zikopa zolankhula ziwirizi ndikuchedwa. Mleme wofala kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nyumba za mumzinda. Amasaka udzudzu ndi njenjete, chida chake ndi ultrasound.
Mbalame
Tikayamba kukumbukira mbalame zomwe timazidziwa, tidzadzipeza tokha tikuganiza kuti pafupifupi onsewo amapezeka ku Krasnodar Territory. Ndi mzindawu mokha momwe mungapeze ankhandwe, swans, abakha, atsekwe, nkhunda, ntchentche, ma cockoos, omwa, ana a mbalame, amphaka, mpheta, nkhonya, jays, magpies, cormorants, jackdaws, swifts, bullfinches, nightingles.
Kadzidzi wamakutu ataliatali ndi akuthothoka, akadzidzi a nyumba, ndi akadzidzi ogudumuka amakhala kunja kwa mzinda ndi mapaki. Titsatira lamuloli. Tidzayesera kutchula ambiri, koma tithandizira kwambiri mbalame za Red Book.
1. Akadzidzi ofulumira amakhala osaka masana, samakhala pamitengo, kupumula atakhala pansi. Chimawoneka ngati kadzidzi wamakutu ataliatali, koma wachikaso kwambiri ndipo palibe cholumikizira nthenga. Makutu sakuwoneka bwino.
2. Kadzidzi, mbalame ya kadzidzi. Mbalame yayikulu-yachikaso yakuda yokhala ndi nthenga zazikulu m'makutu. Kukula 62-67 cm, kulemera 2.7-3.3 makilogalamu. Anathetsa chifukwa cha ntchito zachuma za anthu. Komanso monga chitsanzo cha nyama zodzaza ndi ma taxidermists.
3. Kadzidzi ndi kadzidzi. Wamng'ono, kukula kwake ngati nyenyezi. Mtunduwo ndi phulusa laimvi ndi mizere yopyapyala. Inadzipeza dzina chifukwa chakulira kwake "sleepy-yu-yu" kumveka usiku. Mumzindawu, nthawi zambiri amamwalira chifukwa chogundana ndi mawaya kapena poyenda.
Mbalame zodya nyama zomwe zimakhala m'derali zimayimiridwanso kwambiri: mavu wamba, goshawk, sparrowhawk, hobbyhorse ndi kestrel - izi ndi mbalame zomwe sizinatchulidwepo ngati "zowopsa".
Red Book of Kuban ili ndi mitundu iyi:
1. Mphungu yoyera. Imodzi mwa mbalame zinayi zikuluzikulu zolusa. Kukula kwa thupi mpaka 90 cm, mapiko otalika - 2.2-2.3 m. Kulemera - 6-7 kg. Thupi ndi lofiirira ndipo mchira wawung'ono woboola mphanda ndi woyera. Chifukwa chake dzinalo.
Kudya nsomba zochulukirapo kumakhulupirira kuti kumavulaza ulimi wa nsomba.Chifukwa cha izi, komanso chifukwa chakukula kwa nkhalango, kuipitsa matupi amadzi, zochitika zachuma za anthu, anthu pafupifupi adasowa. Tsopano pakukonzedwa, chiwerengerocho chikuchira pang'onopang'ono.
2. Mphemvu wamba. Zowononga mbalame. Lili ndi dzina lake chifukwa cha mawu ake osasangalatsa, omwe amafanana ndi mphaka wokoka, ngati "akubuula".
3. Manda oyimilira ziombankhanga. Chinyama champhongo cholusa chokhala ndi mbiri yosanja komanso diso lakuthwa. Kunja ndi kokulirapo, mapikowo ndi ataliatali, koma mchira sutero. Imadyetsa masewera onse amoyo ndi zovunda.
4. The Steppe Eagle ndi mbalame yoopsa komanso yayikulu yodya nyama yomwe mlomo wake wagwada. Pansi pamlomo pali mizere yachikaso. Mapiko amafikira 2 m.
5. Chiwombankhanga chagolide mbalame yolusa ya mphamba. Msaki wabwino kwambiri, m'masiku akale adaphunzitsidwa kusaka ndi falconers.
6. Peregrine Falcon - imodzi mwazomwe mbalame zothamanga kwambiri za mphamba, ngati siziri zachangu kwambiri.
7. Gyrfalcon ndi mbalame yokongola yodya nyama kuchokera kubanja la mphamba. Kunja imawoneka ngati nkhwangwa, koma kuposa iyo. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu imakhala yoyera, kapena yosiyanasiyananso, koma pali madera ambiri oyera ndi mabotolo. Amatchedwa "falcon yoyera".
8. Chiwombankhanga chaching'ono ndi mbalame yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe imasankha mitengo italiitali kuti ikakhalemo ndi kukaikira mazira. Kukhala ndi mkazi m'modzi, amapeza mnzake moyo wonse (KKKK).
9. Serpentine ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya mbewa. Ali ndi masomphenya apadera, amazindikira nyama yomwe ikuuluka. Chakudya chomwe amakonda ndi njoka.
10. Vulture, ndevu, ndevu ya griffon, chiwombankhanga chakuda, chiwombankhanga chocheperako, zokonda, steppe harrier - mbalame zonse zodya nyama zili mu Red Book la Kuban.
11. Osprey ndi mbalame yolimba mtima yosaka, yogwira masana, sipuma pansi, imasankha madzi kuti ifike.
12. Little bustard - nthenga bustard, gulu la cranes. Ali ndi mtundu wachilendo. Pansi pake thupi ndi loyera, pamwamba ndi mapiko ndi ma variegated, hazel grouse, khosi lakuda, koma lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera yoyera yopangidwa ndi mikanda iwiri.
13. Bustard ndi mbalame yayikulu kukula kwake ngati Turkey, amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimauluka. Mitunduyi imakhala motley mumayendedwe ofiira. Imathamanga mwachangu, imabisala bwino. Amakhala okha, amaphatikizana awiriawiri pokhapokha pakakwatirana.
14. Crane ya Demoiselle kapena crane yocheperako. Uyu ndiye nthumwi yaying'ono kwambiri ya banja la crane, kutalika mpaka 90 cm, kulemera mpaka 3 kg. Mtundu waukulu wa nthenga ndi woyera komanso wopepuka. Mutu ndi khosi ndizakuda, kumbuyo kwa maso kuli timitengo tating'ono ta nthenga zoyera.
Mlomo ndi waufupi komanso wachikasu. Belladonna alibe "dazi" kuchokera pamlomo mpaka kumbuyo kwa mutu; ili ndi nthenga zakuda. Ndiwokongola komanso wachisomo, chifukwa chake dzinalo. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mawu ofatsa olira. Mbalame yosangalatsa monsemo.
15. Mkatewo ndi dokowe, lomwe ndi nthenga. Miyendo yayitali. Kukula kwa thupi kumakhala kuyambira masentimita 45 mpaka 65, mapiko ake mpaka mita imodzi. Kulemera pafupifupi 6-7 kg. Mlomo ndi wautali kwambiri, wokhota kumapeto, womwe umathandiza kuti uzitha kuona bwinobwino pansi pamadzi osaya.
Amagwira nsomba, tizilombo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta amphibiya. Mutu, kumbuyo ndi pamimba ndizoyera chokoleti, mapikowo ndi akuda, oponyedwa mkuwa wamkuwa. Pa nthawi ya chibwenzi, mtundu wa chokoleti umakhala wowala komanso wowala pang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, nthenga zonse zimatha. Amakhala m'midzi, amakhala awiri awiri.
16. Spoonbill ndi mtundu wina wa mbalame zamtundu wokhala ndi nthenga. Cholengedwa chokongola kwambiri chopangidwa mwachilengedwe. Mukafunsa pa intaneti "Nyama za m'dera la Krasnodar pachithunzichi”, Mudzawona mbalameyi mu chimodzi mwazithunzi zoyambirira.
Akuuluka, amawoneka ngati mngelo woyera. Zowonekera, monga zotseguka, nthenga zonyezimira, miyendo yokongola yokongola ndi mphuno yopangidwa modabwitsa. Imakhala yolimba kumapeto, nthawi zina yachikasu. Kumbuyo kwa mutu, koyera koyera. Pakhosi pali "mkanda" wosalala wa nthenga. Amakhala awiriawiri.
17. Mbalame yakuda yakuda ndi mbalame zam'madzi zamtunduwu. Amasiyana ndi mtundu wina wamangamanga wa nthenga. "Ukadaulo waukadaulo wamtundu wa Ultramodern". Matani - oyera, otuwa, akuda ndi kusefukira kofiirira. Mbali ndi pakhosi zakuda, m'mimba mwayera. Ali ndi miyendo yayifupi, motero samayenda kwambiri pamtunda, amagona pamimba.
18. Caucasus black grouse ndi mbalame yomwe imakhala m'mapiri a Caucasus pamtunda wa pafupifupi mamita 2200. Mtundu wakuda ndi wabuluu wokhala ndi mawanga oyera oyera pafupi ndi mapiko, mchira woboola mphanda, nsidze zofiira.
19. Crestor cormorant - pang'ono ngati bakha, mbalame yam'madzi yamtundu wakuda, yokhala ndi ubweya wobiriwira kapena wabuluu. Mutu wamapikowo umakongoletsedwa ndi nthenga ya nthenga, yomwe imadziwika kwambiri mwa amuna. Mlomo wake ndi wakuda ndipo mawanga achikaso kumunsi kwake. Kukula kwake kumapitilira 70 cm, mapiko amatsegulidwa pafupifupi mita. Kulemera - pafupifupi 2 kg.
20. Cormorant yaying'ono imakhala yocheperapo kawiri kuposa masiku onse. Imadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono, mokweza kwambiri panthawi yoswana.
21. Dalmatian Pelican ndi mbalame yayikulu yosamuka, yotchedwa "Baba Mbalame" chifukwa cha nthenga zopindika pamutu pake ndi m'khosi. Maonekedwe a tsitsi la mkazi amapangidwa. Ndiwosokonekera, gombe pamphepete, koma mwamphamvu m'madzi, kutalika kwa thupi kumatha kukhala pafupifupi 2 m, mpaka 13 kg. Mtundu - woyera, wokhala ndi pachimake chakuda kumbuyo. Amadyetsa nsomba ndi molluscs zazing'ono. (KKKK)
22. Vuwo wapinki amakhala ndi mtundu wotumbululuka wa pinki ndipo amasaka m'madzi osaya.
23. Galu wamabele ofiyira ndi kambalame kakang'ono ka banja la bakha. Mwambiri, uwu ndi mtundu wa tsekwe, kokha kukula kwake pafupi ndi bakha. Kutalika pafupifupi 55 cm, kulemera 1.5 kg. Amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Thupi lakumtunda ndi lakuda, mame ndi mapiko ofiira, zoyikapo ndi m'mphepete mwa mapiko ndi zoyera. Maso ndi abulawuni wagolide wokhala ndi m'mbali zakuda. Amangokhalira kukangana, samangokhala phee, nthawi zambiri amauluka. Amaonedwa kuti ndi mbalame zokongola za atsekwe, malo osungira nyama ambiri amalakalaka kudzakhala nawo m'gulu lawo.
24. Waxwing ndi mbalame yopanda mpumulo, nthawi zambiri imangoyendayenda ndikuuluka nthawi yozizira. Pamutu pake pali nthenga ya perky. Mbalamezi zimakonda zipatso zokoma, nthawi zina zimavutika ndi izi. Nthawi zina, atagwedeza zipatso zakupsa, amatha kuledzera ndikusowa mawonekedwe. Ngati mulibe mwayi, amatha kufa.
25. Ma Siskins amakonda kuyamba kunyumba, amayimba mosiyanasiyana komanso mokoma, nyimbo zawo ndizovuta, nthawi zina mumatha kumva kubwereza ndikuletsa. Nthawi zambiri amatsanzira mawu akunja, kuphatikiza nyimbo za mbalame.
26. Goldfinch wokonda malo otseguka, amakhala m'mphepete, saopa nyengo yozizira.
27. Nightingale ya oyimba ndi yotchuka kwambiri, ngakhale sikuti aliyense amakonda kuyimba kwake. Ambiri amaziona ngati zovuta. Pali mbalame zokongola komanso zokongola zomwe sizodziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri: zodya njuchi zagolide, zofunkha, kulumikiza, chida chamutu wakuda ndi greenfinch.
28. Wodya njuchi wagolide, mwanjira ina, wodya njuchi, amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamapiko okongola kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zaku Europe. Ali ndi bere lowala labuluu, mapiko akuda a lalanje ndi chipewa pamutu pake, mlomo ndi maziko ake ndi milomo yakuda, yoyera pamwambapa, ndipo khosi lili lachikaso chowala. Choseweretsa cha Chaka Chatsopano, osatinso china. Amakhala pama nthambi akulu kapena pamawaya amagetsi m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
29. Swoop ndi mbalame zam'madzi za banja la bakha, chophatikizira chaching'ono. Mtundu wonse wa nthenga ndizoyera-matalala, ndikutulutsa kumbuyo kwake. Mikwingwirima yakuda imagwera kumbuyo, kumutu, m'khosi ndi kumapiko.
30. Oatmeal ndi kambalame kakang'ono, pafupifupi kukula kwake kwa mpheta. Amadziwika mosavuta ndi nthenga zachikaso zagolide pachifuwa ndi pamutu. Amakhala moyo wokhazikika, m'nyengo yozizira yozizira amatha kuwuluka pafupi ndi anthu.
31. Storks wakuda ndi oyera, stilt, shiloklyuvka, sea plover, chuckle, chipale chofewa cha ku Caucasus, kestrel, nkhalango ndi ma lark amphongo, miyala yamtengo wapatali, imvi, golide, pika wamfupi, avdotka, steppe ndi growers, tern yaying'ono, grub wakuda nkhunda zam'nyanja, nkhono zakuda ndi mawere, ma coolies, bakha wamutu woyera - mitundu yonse ya mbalameyi imaphatikizidwa mu Red Book la Kuban.
Monga mukuwonera, munthuyu adagwira ntchito molimbika kukulitsa bukuli. Yakwana nthawi yoti muimitse izi. Mwa njira, akhwangwala akuda, ma rook, akhwangwala otchingidwa panobe amakhalabe m'chigawochi.
Nyama zam'madzi
Mitundu ya nyama ku Krasnodar TerritoryZomwe zimakhala m'madzi kapena pafupi ndi madzi zimaimiridwa ndi nsomba zosawerengeka komanso amphibiya. Choyambirira, nsomba zamalonda zikuopsezedwa kuti zitha, makamaka chifukwa cha ntchito zachuma za anthu.
Nsomba zamtengo wapatali monga Ukraine lamprey, sturgeon, sterlet, stellate sturgeon, croaker, munga ndi nyama yolandiridwa bwino ndi anthu opha nyama mosavomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, tinalowa mu Red Book. Ali pansi pa chitetezo cha boma.
1. Beluga ndi nsomba yolanda nyama yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Imasaka nsomba zina. Beluga caviar ndi chinthu chopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Imakula pafupifupi moyo wonse, kulemera kwake kumafikira makilogalamu 1000 pofika zaka 15, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mamita 4.2. Kulemera kwapakati pa nsomba mu Nyanja ya Azov ndi 60-80 kg. Kutalika kwa chiwindi. Milandu ya nsombayi idalembedwa pafupifupi zaka 100. Wolemba mu Red Data Books za Russian Federation ndi KK.
2. Tulka abrauskaya, mustachioed char, Russian bastard - nsomba zokoma kwambiri, zomwe zidalowanso mu Red Book chifukwa cha kuipitsa matupi amadzi ndi malo achitetezo. Ndipo, zachidziwikire, chifukwa cha kupha nyama mosavomerezeka.
3. Diso loyera ndi nsomba yam'madzi yam'madzi yopanda madzi yomwe ili ndi thupi lopanikizika pambuyo pake. Yandikira ku bream. Zolemba malire kulemera - 1.5 makilogalamu, kutalika kwa 45 cm, zaka - kwa zaka 7-8.
4. Shemaya Black Sea Azov - nsomba za carp zopangidwa ndi ray.
5. Carp - nsomba zamchere zam'madzi, pafupi ndi roach. Amakhala mu beseni la Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov.
6. Chromogobius yamizere inayi - nsomba zaminga mpaka 7 cm kutalika, zilibe phindu lililonse.
7. Croaker wopepuka - nsomba zam'nyanja, zoletsedwa kusodza mwaulere, nyama imadziwika kuti ndi yokoma.
8. Trigla wachikasu kapena tambala wanyanja amafika kutalika kwa 75 cm, kulemera mpaka 6 kg. Mutu waukuluwo ndi wamakona atatu, onse okhala ndi zitunda ndi msana, koma osalala. Nsombazi zimachitika ndi ma trawl apansi. Nyama ndi yokoma. Ngati mukukonzekera kubwera kudzawedza, tikukulangizani kuti musamalire mitundu iyi ya nsomba: nsomba zam'madzi, khubu, nsomba, rudd, roach, bubyr.
Amphibians (onse ochokera ku Red Book):
1. Mtanda wa ku Caucasus ndi wachule wapakatikati.
2. Toad waku Caucasus, Colchis toad, imodzi mwazikuluzikulu kwambiri amphibiya, yayikulu kwambiri ku Russia.
3. Chule cha Asia Minor kapena chule waku Caucasus, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 9 cm, utoto wosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri pamwamba pake pamakhala bulauni komanso mawanga, mimba ndi pinki.
4. Tritons Karelin, Asia Minor ndi Lanza - amphibiya awa anali pafupi kutha.
5. Njoka ndi njoka: Njoka yachikasu ya Thracian ndi mtundu wosowa wa njoka, osati wowopsa.
6. Njoka yamiyala yachikasu, njoka yayikulu yaku Caspian yochokera ku njoka, mpaka 2-2.5 m kutalika, yaying'ono m'mimba mwake - mpaka masentimita 5. Mtunduwo ndi wabwino kwambiri, mumayendedwe a azitona ndi imvi. Amanena kuti akhoza kukhala wankhanza ngakhalenso kuthamangira kwa wolakwayo.
7. Njoka ya azitona ndiyosowa kwambiri, mwina kutha.
8. Njoka ya Aesculapian - njoka yochokera ku njoka, choyimira cha reptile pachizindikiro chachipatala.
9. Poloz Palasov (njoka ya Sarmatia) ndi njoka yokongola kwambiri yopanda poyizoni, wachikaso wachikaso ndi mizere ya mawanga akutali ndi kukongoletsa. Amakwera mitengo bwino, ndikuponya mbali yakutsogolo ya thupi kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi. Zolanda zamphongo ndi mphete. Kukula mpaka 1.5 m.
10. Colchis njoka ndi zokwawa zopanda poizoni mpaka 1.5 mita kutalika ndi thupi lakuda lakuda. Masikelo ali ndi nthiti, mimba ikhoza kukhala yakuda ndi yoyera, bolodi loyang'ana. Kumbali yakumbuyo kuli mawanga achikaso ngati nyenyezi.
11. Buluzi (wokongola wa ku Georgia, wapakatikati, wamizeremizere, Alpine, Artvin, Shcherbaka, buluzi wamitundu yambiri). Onse amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira kumapiri ndi mapiri mpaka kuzigwa. Mtundu wosiyanasiyana ndi kukula, chinthu chimodzi chofanana - zokwawa izi zili mu Red Book of Krasnodar Territory.
12. Njoka (Dinnik, Kaznakov, Lotieva, Orlova, steppe) - mitundu isanu iyi ya njoka zowopsa zitha kutha ndi zinyama za Kuban. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a njoka iyi ndi mzere wokhotakhota kumbuyo ndi mutu wolimba pakhosi.
13. Akamba, mathithi ndi Nikolsky (Mediterranean) aulesi amphibiya si akulu kwambiri. Adawonekera mu Red Book ngati mitundu yokhala ndi nambala yocheperachepera. Ndipo apa sizinali zopanda zinthu zaumunthu, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi kutchera misampha.
Tizilombo
Kuchokera ku mitundu yonse ya tizilombo, tasankha ziwala pazifukwa. Timawatcha "cicadas" tikamva phokoso lalikulu madzulo. Amapanga chithunzi chapadera cha usiku wakumwera.
Zimbalangondo zochokera mu Red Book:
1. Munthu wonenepa kapena mutu wa mpira wokhala ndi zipsinjo zambiri ndi cholengedwa chowopsa, chimakhala ngati kachilomboka kuposa ziwala. Thupi lalikulu lalikulu 5-8 cm, amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Kujambula ndimtundu wakuda wamkuwa komanso wakuda kwakuda. Miyendo ndi yopepuka. Amathamangira pa mawondo. Yogwira pamene kutentha kwatsika.
2. Steppe dybka - imodzi mwa ziwala zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala mdera la Russian Federation. Kukula kwake kuchokera pa 4 mpaka 7 cm, thupi limakhala lobiriwira ndi chikaso, pali kamvekedwe kofiirira pang'ono. Mutu uli ndi chipumi cholowerera kwambiri.
3. Caucasus caveman - dzombe lopanda bulauni lachikasu ndi tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tating'ono. Palibe ziwalo zomvera. Amakhala moyo wosangalatsa usiku. Mmodzi mwa nzika zakale kwambiri zam'madera otentha a Caucasus.
Nawu mndandanda waukulu kwambiri wotchedwa "Nyama Zaku Krasnodar Territory", Ndipo sitinakambire za zonse, koma za mitundu yosawerengeka kapena yomwe ili pangozi. Mndandanda wowopsa womwe uli pamndandandawu ndiwowopsa ndipo umakupangitsani kudzifunsa kuti chingachitike ndi chiyani kuti zanyama zisawonongeke.
Mawu ochepa pamutu wakuti "Nyama zaulimi ku Krasnodar Territory". Sichachabe kuti dera lino limatchedwa "ngale ya Russia" m'malo opangira maulimi mdziko muno. Malo olemera odyetserako ziweto m'mapiri komanso m'zigwa za steppe amathandizira kupititsa patsogolo ziweto. Apa ng'ombe zamphongo ndi akavalo, nkhosa, mbuzi, nkhumba ndi mbalame zimawukitsidwa.
Zinyama za Kuban ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimafunikira kwambiri pamisika yogulitsa. Musanasankhe nyama iyi kapena nyamayo, sankhani cholinga chomwe mukutsata, werengani phindu, mtengo wake, sankhani wogulitsa wodalirika. Ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati nyamazo zalandira katemera, ngati mtunduwo ndi wabwino, ngati mtunduwo ukufanana ndi womwe walengezedwa. Mwambiri, ulimi ndi bizinesi yovuta kwambiri. Anthu oterewa amafunika kuwalemekeza mwapadera.
Pofotokozera mwachidule nyama zaku Krasnodar Territory, tikunena kuti: "Simungathe kuvomereza zazikuluzo." N`zosatheka kunena zonse ndi za aliyense. Chifukwa chake, tikufunira Kuban kuchita bwino ndi chitukuko, kukhala bwino kwa dziko lathu lonse kumadalira kukhazikika kwake.
