Maluwa a Orchid - tizilombo, yomwe idalandira dzina loyambirira chifukwa chofanana ndi maluwa a orchid. Kutali, ndi maso, izi zing'onozing'ono zopempherera zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi maluwa a orchid.
Mapemphero opempherera, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo, ndi tizilombo tosazolowereka komanso modabwitsa. Kutengera mtunduwo, amatha kudzibisa okha ngati zinthu ndi zomera zomwe amakhala. "Kubisa" kwamapemphero opembedzedwa ali mu mawonekedwe a: masamba, zimayambira, khungwa la mitengo, nthambi, maluwa amaluwa, moss.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Chidwi ndichakuti Kodi maluwa a orchid amawoneka bwanji... Maonekedwe awo amakhala ndi mtundu wakunja wapadera womwe umangogwirizana ndi ma subspecies awa, kuposa mitundu ina yopempherera. Mitundu ya orchid subspecies imakhala yoyera kwambiri mthupi mwake.
Mitunduyi imawonetsedwa m'mitundu yoyera kuyambira yoyera mpaka pinki yotentha. Kutengera mtundu ndi malo okhala, zimatha kusintha utoto wake munthawi inayake ya moyo. Nthawi zambiri utoto wakumtunda umadalira mitundu ndi maluwa amtundu wa orchid komwe kumakhala mapemphero.
Kuthekera kotereku komanso kodabwitsa kwa "kubisa" kumachitika makamaka ndi achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri, nthumwi za orchid subspecies zoyera za thupi sizisintha mtundu wawo wachilengedwe ndikukhala nawo moyo wawo wonse.
Maluwa opemphera a orchid amakhala m'gulu la nyama zolusa. Amatha kulimbana ndi kusaka nyama zazikulu kwambiri. Kukula kwa nyamakazi kumadalira jenda.
Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupifupi theka lalikulu kuposa akazi ndipo amakhala pafupifupi 9 masentimita. Kugonana kwa maluwa a orchid kumawululidwa ndi kutalika kwa thupi ndi zingwe zazing'onoting'ono pamimba: akazi ali ndi zisonyezo zisanu ndi chimodzi, amuna asanu ndi atatu.
Potengera mawonekedwe akunja akunja, maluwa a orchid amawoneka ngati masamba. Mapazi a tizilombo amafalikira palimodzi. "Kudzisintha" ngati maluwa amathandiza anthu opemphera kuti adziteteze kwa adani olanda nyama komanso kuti azisaka nyama yokha, mwamphamvu komanso mosazindikira.
Mitunduyi, monga abale ena onse, imadziwika ndi maso akulu omwe amatuluka panja ndipo amayikidwa m'mbali mwa mutu. Ali ndi maso asanu athunthu: maso awiri akulu ali mbali yamutu ndi atatu ang'ono - pafupi ndi masharubu. Amasiyana ndi ma arthropods ena m'masomphenya opangidwa bwino.
Wokhoza kulanda mayendedwe aliwonse patali. Mphamvu ina yapadera yokhudzana ndi masomphenya ndikuti mitundu ya orchid imatha kuwona zinthu kumbuyo kwake osatembenuka. Izi ndichifukwa chamaso oyang'ana kutali komanso otuluka.
Pakamwa pa kachilombo "kakuyang'ana" pansi, komwe kumakhala kosiyana ndi tizilombo tomwe timadya, komwe nthawi zambiri kumafinya chakudya chawo. Maluwa a Orchid amayenda mwachangu kwambiri, olumpha abwino komanso othamanga. Amasuntha kuchoka kumalo osiyanasiyana kupita kumalo ena othamanga kwambiri. Amuna achimuna ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera - amatha kuwuluka.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu yoposa 2000 yaopemphera mantis padziko lonse lapansi. Ena mwa iwo ndi ofanana kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe anthu amapempherera motere:
- Wamba. Amakhala m'maiko aku Europe ndi Asia, sapezeka kawirikawiri ku Africa. Ndi yayikulu kukula, mtunduwo umakhala ndi timibulu tobiriwira ndi tofiirira.
- Chitchaina. Mitundu ina ingapo yomwe imatha kuuluka. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ngati ana pamapazi awo, omwe amaopseza adani awo.
- Maluwa amwenye. Amakhala makamaka m'maiko aku Asia. Imodzi mwamapemphero ang'onoang'ono padziko lapansi. Pamwamba pa miyendo pali ma spikes azithunzi zosiyana. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, amatha kuyenda popanda zovuta kuwuluka mtunda wofunikira.
- Wonyamula zishango zaku Malawi. Amagawidwa kumadera otentha a ku Asia, ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Mitunduyi imakonda kuweta kunyumba.
- Maso aminga. Ma mantis opemphera ndi akulu kwambiri kukula kwake, pafupifupi masentimita 14. Amakhala makamaka mdera la Africa. Mawonedwe, ma subspecies sangathe kusiyanitsidwa ndi nthambi ndi masamba amitengo, chifukwa amawoneka ofanana. Maso ali ndi zotuluka ngati minga.
- Minga. Zimasiyana pamakhalidwe ochezeka komanso osavulaza. Mosiyana ndi ziwombankhanga zake, sizimaukira nyama zazikulu kuposa izo. Pofuna kuthana ndi zoopsa, amatenga mawonekedwe owopsa.
Ma subspecies aku Asia nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi tiziromboti, tizirombo, tizilombo tomwe timanyamula matenda owopsa a ma virus.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Akazi amadziwika ndi mkhalidwe woipa komanso wankhanza. Pofuna kupewa mavuto pakati pa maluwa otsekemera a orchid, akazi ayenera kupatukana ndi amuna.
Izi ndichifukwa choti akazi omwe ali ndi njala yayikulu amatha kumenya amuna ndikudya nawo. Ndi ma mantis apemphero a orchid, poyerekeza ndi ena onse, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, koma sizichotsedwa.
Amuna, kumbali inayo, amadziwika chifukwa chaubwenzi wawo. Amagwirizana bwino wina ndi mnzake, chifukwa chake, ali mu ukapolo, nthawi zambiri amakhala mgulu laling'ono la abale 4-6. Chifukwa cha nkhanza komanso nkhanza za akazi kwa amuna kapena akazi anzawo, kuchuluka kwa amuna ndikotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi akazi.
Ngakhale kuti amuna ndi amakhalidwe abwino, mapemphero opempherako amawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama zoyipa komanso zankhanza. Maluwa a Orchid amakhala m'nkhalango, ndi nyengo yonyowa. Amapezeka m'maiko okhala ndi nkhalango zowirira, kotentha: ku Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia ndi India.
Maluwa, makamaka ma orchid, amadziwika ngati gawo lokhalamo nyamakazi. Amakonda "kukhazikika" mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera. Mu ukapolo, maluwa a orchid amakhala ndi kusungidwa m'mapiri apadera. Kuti mukhale omasuka, chinyezi chabwino chimafunika, makamaka panthawi ya molting.
Zakudya zabwino
Mwina, maluwa a orchid pachithunzichi zikuwoneka ngati zopanda vuto komanso bata, koma mawonekedwe onyenga. Asayansi amati Bogomolov ndi odyetsa, ndipo, monga tawonetsera kale, akazi amatha kudya wamwamuna popanda chisoni.
Maluwa opempherera a orchid amadyedwa ndi njenjete, ntchentche, njuchi, agulugufe, ziwala, ntchentche ndi tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono. Mapemphero ophunzirira amadziwika kuti amalimbana ndi nyama zazikulu kwambiri kuposa iwo, osati tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri, amasaka njoka zazing'ono, mbalame, achule ndi mbewa. Chifukwa cha nsagwada zawo zolimba, kupempherera kumakhala kosavuta kusaka komanso kuthana ndi chakudya.
Kunyumba, zakudyazo zimasiyanasiyana ndi zomwe tidagwidwa ukapolo. Ubwino waukulu umaperekedwa kwa chakudya "chamoyo" chaching'ono. Komanso, chakudya choyambira, chokhala ndi michere yambiri, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda acidic, zipatso zowirira.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Oyimira amuna amafika msinkhu msanga msanga, chifukwa amakhala theka la akazi. Pali chowonadi chachilendo komanso chosangalatsa: liti mantis wamkazi wamaluwa amafika msinkhu, amuna onse azaka zomwezo amwalira kale, zomwe zakutchire zimakhudza anthu.
Mumikhalidwe yomwe idapangidwa mwapadera, ndizotheka kuneneratu zakapangidwe kogonana pofika nthawi yokwatirana. Ndikofunika kubzala wamwamuna wokhala ndi mkazi wokwanira komanso wokhutira; zoterezi zimapulumutsa wamwamuna ku nkhanza za mkaziyo.
Pafupifupi masiku asanu kuchokera pamene amayi atenga pathupi, akazi amayamba kuikira mazira. Chiwerengero cha mazira omwe amayikidwa ndi munthu m'modzi amakhala pakati pa zidutswa zitatu mpaka zisanu. Anawo oyamba kumene kukula ndikukhwima ngati matumba oyera. Dzira limasanduka mphutsi patatha mwezi umodzi ndi theka.
Ali ndi utoto wofiirira wakuda, womwe umathandiza kuteteza anawo kwa adani. Kuti kukula kwa mphutsi kukule bwino, pamafunika microclimate yokhala ndi kutentha kwama digiri osachepera 25 komanso chinyezi chokwera kwambiri. Kutalika kwa moyo kumadalira mitundu. Nthawi zambiri, mapemphero opemphera amakhala miyezi 5 mpaka 12. Nthawi zambiri, kugonana kwa akazi kumakhala kotalikilana kwambiri ndi amuna.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza anthu
Mwina malingaliro opempherera maluwa a orchid kwa olusa ndi owopsa, koma nyama izi sizowopsa kwa anthu, ngati mungatsatire malamulo ena polumikizana nawo.
Monga abale awo ena onse, ali opindulitsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Nyama zosakidwa ndi mapemphero a mantise ndizovulaza kwambiri anthu. M'mayiko aku Central Asia, nyamakazi zokongola izi zimapangidwa mwapadera kuti zithandizire kulimbana ndi makoswe ndi tizirombo tina. Ambiri amalima ndi kusunga mitundu ya orchid pafamu yaokha kuti athane ndi kufalikira kwa "nzika" zovulaza.
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukonza
Zachidziwikire, sindinanyalanyaze kuswana kwa nyumba kwa nyamakazi zokongola modabwitsa. Zikufunika pakati pa akatswiri azachilendo. Mitundu yopemphererayi ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri pakati pa anzawo, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo komanso okongola.
Mtengo wokwera kwambiri wa kachilombo kamodzi ukhoza kukhala ma ruble 2500, osakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Mitundu ina yonse yopemphereramo mantis imakhala yotsika mtengo katatu, kapena kasanu. Ndizovuta kupeza ndikugula mitundu iyi ku Russia.
Kukonzekera kwa maluwa a orchid imafuna malamulo ndi chidziwitso. Ndibwino kugula mphutsi zambiri. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndichachidule, makamaka mwa amuna. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale ndikuwerengera nthawi yokwanira yokwatirana, kutha msinkhu, mwamuna mpaka wamkazi kuti atenge pathupi. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugula akazi pamaso pa amuna.
Maluwa opempherera a orchid amafunafuna chinyezi chamlengalenga. Kuwonjezeka kwa 93% ndichofunikira kwambiri pazopezeka. Kuphatikiza pa chinyezi, kutentha sikuyenera kuloledwa kutsika, kuyenera kupitilira madigiri 25. Pazolinga izi, m'malo ozizira, nyali zapadera za kuwala kopangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndimphamvu yosungira kutentha kofunikira.
Chipinda chochezera chikuyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Terrarium iyenera kukhala yayitali katatu kutalika kwa mantis ya mantis. Mutha kugula terrarium yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi galasi. "Mkati" mwa malo okhala atsopanowo ayenera kukhala okutidwa ndi zimayambira zazing'ono ndi nthambi zomwe akwere. Pansi pomwepo, tsanulirani masamba pang'ono odulidwa a mitengo.
Mukanyamula mantis yopemphera, simungathe kuyifinya ndi manja anu; ndi bwino kutukula dzanja lanu ndikuloleza nyamayo inyamuke yokha. Ubwino waukulu wobereketsa maluwa opempherera a orchid kunyumba ku terrariums ndikusowa kwa zovuta, monganso ziweto zina.
Samatenga malo ambiri, samanunkhiza zonyansa, ndipo palibe phokoso lachilendo kuchokera kwa iwo. Anthu ena ali ndi chizindikiro cha mapemphero a orchid. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti kupezeka kwawo mnyumba kumathamangitsa zovuta zonse ndi mavuto.
