Nyama yotchedwa gastropod mollusk yakhala ikukhala kudera lalikulu kwambiri ku Europe. Dzikoli limakhala anthu kuyambira kale Nkhono za mphesa choyamba kuchokera kumwera chakum'mawa, gawo lapakati. Masiku ano malo okhawo akumpoto sangafike kwa iwo.
Nkhono zikuluzikulu kwambiri kumtunda zimawerengedwa ngati tizirombo taulimi ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito mwakhama kuphika. Masiku ano, okonda nyama ambiri amakhala ndi nkhono ngati ziweto.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Thupi la mollusk limakhala ndi mbali zowoneka: chipolopolo ndi thunthu, momwe mutu wake umakhala ndi zopindika ndi mwendo. Chovala chapadera chimakhala chitetezo cha ziwalo zamkati zobisika mu chipolopolo. Makola ena amatha kuwonekera panja.
Makulidwe a chipolopolo chozungulira ndi masentimita 3.5-5.5. Maonekedwe ozungulira amakulolani kubisala thupi ngati kuli kofunikira. Chipolopolocho chimapotozedwa kumanja ndi ma coils a 4.5 kutembenukira. Bwalo lakumunsi limakhala ngati maziko.
Mtundu wa chipolopolocho chimakhala ndi malankhulidwe achikasu achikaso, osakhala amdima wakuda kwambiri, mizere yakuda komanso yopepuka imadutsa ma coil ena. Kukhutitsa kwamitundu yamitundu kumadalira nyengo, zakudya za mollusk. Kusiyanasiyana kwa chivundikirocho kumalumikizidwa ndi kubisa kwachilengedwe kwa nkhono.
Pamwamba pa chipolopolo chakumanja ndichodabwitsa. Chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha kapangidwe kake, chizindikiritso champhamvu chimawonjezeka, chinyezi chimadzipezera chothandizira pamoyo.
Mwendo wa mollusk wamkulu umatha kutambasula mpaka masentimita 9, ngakhale kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 3 mpaka 5. Thupi lofewa lokhazikika. Makwinya owoneka bwino okhala ndimakona amakona pakati pawo amasunga chinyezi.
Kapangidwe ka nkhono yamphesa
Zovala ziwiri pamutu wa nkhono zili pamwamba pakamwa. Zoyeserera ndizogwira ntchito kwambiri, zimasintha mawonekedwe kukhala mbali yomwe imakulitsidwa. Kutengeka kwakukulu kumadziwonekera poyankha kuwala, kukhudza pang'ono - nthawi yomweyo amabisala m'nyumba.
Pansi, labial, 2.5-4.5 mm kutalika, amalumikizidwa ndi kununkhiza. Pamwamba - ziwalo za masomphenya. Kutalika kwa mawonekedwe amaso ndi 10-20 mm. Nkhonoyi imasiyanitsa kukula kwa kuwala, imawona zinthu pamtunda wa masentimita 1. Mollusk sikusiyanitsa mtundu wa utoto.
Kupuma kwa nkhono ndimapapu. Pali bowo m'makwinya a chovalacho, chomwe chikuwoneka kuti chimatsekedwa pafupifupi kamodzi pamphindi. Ntchito ya kupuma imadalira mpweya woipa mlengalenga, mulingo wa chinyezi.
Chosangalatsa cha nkhono za mphesa ndikutha kubwezeretsa ziwalo zathupi zomwe zidatayika. Kutayika pang'ono kwa mutu kapena mahema sikukupha - chinyama chimakula pambuyo pa masabata 2-4.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Kufalikira kwa ma gastropod molluscs kunachitika pafupifupi ku Europe konse. Zigwa, kapinga, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, zigwa zokulira, mapaki am'mizinda, minda ndi malo abwino okhala nyama zosadzichepetsazi.
Nkhono za mphesa zimakhala kuyambira masiku oyamba a masika mpaka kuzizira kwa nthawi yophukira. Kudzuka kwa molluscs sikumadutsa miyezi 5. Nyama zokonda chinyezi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pakati pa miyala, mumthunzi wa tchire, zikubowola mu moss wonyowa.
Masana, nthawi yamauma, samayenda, amabisala m'malo omwe chinyezi chimasungidwa bwino. Amakhala m'masinki okutidwa ndi filimu yopyapyala yotuluka nthunzi. Monga omangiriridwa ku mitengo kapena nthambi, amadikirira kutentha kwa masana. Kutentha, monga kuzizira, kumapangitsa dzanzi nkhono.
Nthawi yausiku, nyengo yonyowa imadzutsa nkhono kufunafuna chakudya. Mbalame zotchedwa mollusk zimachoka pamalo obisalapo n'kuyamba ulendo. Mwendo waminyewa umanyamula cochlea chifukwa cha kupindika kwa minofu ndi mamina obisika kuti athetse mkangano.
Pamwamba pomwe zokwawa za mollusk zitha kukhala zopingasa, zowongoka, paliponse. Nkhono za mphesa amakankhira kumbali kuthandizira, kuterera pamtunda wa 7 cm pamphindi.
Pali adani ambiri achilengedwe a nkhonoyi. Ndi chokoma kwa zokwawa zonse, hedgehogs, timadontho-timadontho. Nyongolotsi zina zimakwawa mkati mwa nkhonozo kudzera mu kabowo lopumira. Pakufika nyengo yozizira yophukira, nkhonoyi imadzibisalira pansi ndikukweza pakamwa kuti igone.
Makonzedwe amenewa amateteza ku mabakiteriya, amakhala ndi mpweya wocheperako, komanso amakulolani kutuluka msasa pamadzi ambiri. Nthawi yoimitsa makanema ojambula imatha pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Nyama imakumba dzenje ndi mwendo wolimba. Kutengera kukula kwa nthaka, ngalande yokumbidwayo imafika masentimita 6 - 30. Ngati nthaka yamiyalayi sichipereka, ndiye kuti nkhonozi zimabisala pansi pa masamba a nthawi yophukira.
Mollusk amatseka pakamwa pake ndi chophimba chapadera cha mucous. Pambuyo kuumitsa, laimu wosanjikiza umakhala chivindikiro chodalirika. Makulidwe a cork amasiyanasiyana kutengera ndi nyengo yozizira. Mpweya umalowa kudzera mu kabowo kakang'ono.
Kusinthanitsa kwa gasi kumatha kuzindikirika ndi thovu pomwe mollusk imizidwa m'madzi. Mimba imathera nthawi yozizira limodzi, koma nthawi zina imasonkhana m'magulu athunthu. Pakati pa nyengo yozizira, nkhono za mphesa zimataya mpaka 10% ya kulemera kwake.
Masika, atadzuka, nthawi yochira imayamba. Okonda nyama amachita nawo ntchito yosamalira nkhono. Ngakhale pali zoletsedwa kumayiko akunja, chidwi cha nkhono sichitha.
Kuswana kwa nkhono zamphesa
Mbiri yakubzala ma gastropods ndi yakale kwambiri. Minda ya nkhono yomwe imayenda bwino imaperekabe nkhono ngati mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito zoweta komanso kutumizira kunja. Othandizira amatha kupanga chimbudzi chawo kunyumba.
M'nyengo yozizira, zida ndi ziweto ziyenera kukhala zotentha, ndipo nthawi yotentha, kuswana kwa nkhono kumatha kuchitika panja (m'mabwalo, ma dachas). Chitetezo cha gastropods yopanda chitetezo chimadalira anthu, chifukwa chake sitiyenera kuiwala za kuwopsa kwa makoswe ndi ziweto.
Kuswana nkhono za mphesa monga lingaliro la bizinesi, popeza nyama yawo imadziwika kuti ndi yabwino
Kuti musunge nkhono, mufunika magalasi otakasuka kapena zotengera za pulasitiki zomwe zimakhala ndi malita 200-250 okhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Chidebe cha ziweto zazing'ono, malo osungira osiyana, zotengera zogulitsa sizikhala zolemetsa kwa wochita bizinesi amene akuyamba kumene.
Zinthu zabwino zomwe nzika zimapanga
- dera lalikulu pansi pa nyumbayo;
- nthaka yonyowa ndi kuwonjezera kwa 1/6 ya mpweya wotsegulidwa;
- zomera, nthambi, moss kutsanzira chilengedwe;
- madzi ochepa;
- zidutswa za choko zodyetsa - zimalimbitsa chipolopolocho;
- chivundikiro ndi mabowo a nkhonya - nkhono zimatuluka ngati palibe zopinga.
Nkhono za mphesa zoswana adzapambana kusunga kutentha kwa masana kwa 20-22 ° C, usiku - madigiri 2-3 kutsika. Kutentha pamwambapa kapena kutsika kwabwinoko kumapangitsa kuti okhalamo aziziziritsa. Kusungabe chinyezi chomwe chimafunidwa pa 85-90%, pamafunika kuthira galasi ndi malo ena okhala ndi kutsitsi kwapabanja kawiri patsiku.
Nkhono za mphesa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology
Ukhondo uyenera kusamalidwa mwa kupukuta makoma a bokosilo ndikuchotsa mamina mkati. Kusamalira ndi kusamalira nkhono za mphesa osati zovuta, zoyenera ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene.
Zakudya zabwino
Dzinalo la nkhonoyi limanena za chakudya chokoma chomwe chimakonda - masamba amphesa, ngakhale the herbivore amadyetsa pafupifupi zomera zilizonse, ngakhale udzu ndi humus. Kunyumba, ziweto zimafunika kudyetsedwa ndi chakudya pafupi kwambiri ndi zomwe zimawononga m'chilengedwe. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo
- masamba a nettle;
- saladi;
- strawberries zakutchire;
- burdock;
- radish;
- mapapu;
- dandelion;
- kabichi;
- akavalo;
- chomera.
Zamasamba ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, zowutsa mudyo, zoyera. Nkhaka zodulidwa, zukini zitha kuwonjezeredwa pachakudya. Nkhono zamphesa kunyumba amadyetsa mosavuta nyemba za hemp ndi fulakesi. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo soya, oats, chimanga, tirigu, buckwheat.
Ngati mukudandaula za momwe mungadyetse nkhono za mphesa, mutenge nthawi yambiri, mutha kugula chakudya chamagulu. Zakudya - 2-3 pa tsiku. Eni ake minda ya nkhono awerengera kuti makilogalamu 20 azakudya zapa khamu amafunikira anthu 300 pamwezi.
Chofunika kwambiri cha nkhono ndi kufunika kwa mchere wa calcium kuti apange chipolopolocho. Choko m'nyumba ndi chinthu chofunikira kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo wathanzi.
Milandu yakudya nyama nthawi zina imawonedwa, koma sizomwe zimawonetsera momwe nyama imadyera. Mbali ya achinyamata omwe akutuluka m'mazira ndikudya ndi zinthu zina zanthaka.
Ndikofunika kusunga terrarium yoyera, komwe mabwinja a chakudya chonyowa amatha kuwola. Izi ndi zowononga nzika. Njira zowola zimapanga chilengedwe chomwe chimawononga ana onse. Chifukwa chake, kuyeretsa zinyalala za chakudya ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuthandizira nkhono.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Nkhono za mphesa zimakula msinkhu kuchokera chaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri. Gastropods mwachilengedwe amakhala a hermaphrodites, okhala ndi mawonekedwe amuna ndi akazi. Chofunikira pakuika mazira ndikusinthana kwa maselo ogonana ndi akulu awiri. Molluscs amabweretsa ana 1-2 pachaka:
- kuyambira Marichi mpaka koyambirira kwa Juni;
- kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.
Obereketsa amaika zotengera m'chipinda chozizira kwa miyezi ingapo kuti athandize kubalalitsa nkhono. Kusunthira kutentha kumapereka chidziwitso kwa ziweto kuti nyengo yachilimwe yafika.
Kusakanikirana kwa nkhono za mphesa
Anthu okonzekera kukwatirana amasiyana ndi ena pamakhalidwe: amakwawa mwachangu kufunafuna bwenzi, kutambasula matupi awo. Misonkhano imatha ndikufikira komweko. Nkhonozi zimayikira mazira ake, omwe amathiridwa ndi mankhwala a gelatinous, m'nthaka.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yoyera, yopanda tizirombo tomwe tingaphe ana. Ana amatuluka m'masabata 3-4 pakuya masentimita 6-10. Nkhono zomwe zimangobadwa kumene ndizochepa - 2-2.5 mm zokha. Zigoboyi zimakhala zowonekera, maulendo awiri okha. Pamene ikukula, kuchuluka kwakanthawi kumawonjezeka.
Molluscs amayamba kudya zipolopolo zawo, kenako amasinthana ndi chakudya chokhazikika akamayenda panthaka. Ulendo wokweza wachinyamata umatenga masiku 8-10. Utali wa nkhono za mphesa ndi waufupi.
Nkhono imaikira mazira
Mwachilengedwe, nthawi yotulutsidwa mwachilengedwe siyidutsa zaka 7-8, ngati nkhono sizidyedwa ndi chilombo. Momwe zimakhalira nazale, moyo wa cholengedwa m'mimba ndiwotetezeka, umatha mpaka zaka 20. Wosunga mbiri - chiwindi chachitali - adakhala nkhono ku Sweden, yomwe idapambana zaka zazikulu makumi atatu.
Mtengo
Mutha kugula nkhono zamphesa m'sitolo yapadera ya ziweto, kuchokera kwa obereketsa wamba. M'madera akumwera kwa Russia, nkhono zimapezeka m'malo awo achilengedwe, sizovuta kupeza mtundu woyenera.
Chiwopsezo cha mwiniwake ndikuti zikhalidwe zosasamalika za chitukuko ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a fungal, nkhungu. Gawo lapansi limakhala lodzala ndi tiziromboti, timeneti, pamodzi ndi nkhono, zimalowa mnyumba.
Kugula kumawononga mtengo wotsika mtengo. Mtengo wa nkhono za mphesa ndi 200-400 rubles. Ma gastropods nthawi zambiri amagulidwa ngati nazale zapanyumba. Mwiniwake ayenera kulabadira momwe chipolopolocho chikuyendera.
Iyenera kukhala ndi kuwonongeka kowonekera, kusinthika kwachitukuko. Moyo wa nkhono yamphesa ndiwosangalatsa kuwona. Chiweto chaching'ono sichodzichepetsa ndipo chimasangalatsa chifukwa chokhala nacho.
