Pambuyo pa kufanana 65. Arctic imayambira pamenepo. Zimakhudza madera akumpoto a Eurasia ndi America, olumikizana ndi North Pole. Pomwe nyengo yozizira yamuyaya imalamulira kumapeto, kuli chilimwe ku Arctic. Ndi ya kanthawi kochepa, zimapangitsa kuti mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya nyama ipulumuke. Kotero, apa iwo ali - okhala ku Arctic.
Zomera zodyera
Lemming
Kunja, sitimatha kusiyanitsa ndi hamster, komanso ndi ya mbewa. Chinyama chimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 80, ndikufika masentimita 15 m'litali. Chovala cha Lemming ndi bulauni. Pali ma subspecies omwe amasandulika oyera nthawi yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, nyama imakhalabe yogwira.
Zilonda - nyama zakunyanjakudyetsa mphukira za mbewu, mbewu, moss, zipatso. Koposa zonse "hamsters" akumpoto amakonda kukula kwachinyamata.
Zilonda zam'mimba zokha ndizo chakudya cha anthu ambiri ku Arctic
Ng'ombe ya musk
Amakhala makamaka kumpoto kwa Greenland ndi Taimyr Peninsula. Chiwerengero cha mitunduyo chikuchepa, chifukwa chake mu 1996, musk ng'ombe idalembedwa mu Red Book. Achibale apafupi kwambiri ndi zimphona zakumpoto ndi nkhosa zamapiri. Kunja, ng'ombe zamtundu wa musk ndizofanana ndi bovids.
Kutalika pafupifupi kwa musk ng'ombe ndi masentimita 140. Kutalika nyama za Red Book of the Arctic kufika mamita 2.5. Pali mtundu umodzi wokha padziko lapansi. Kale panali awiri, koma m'modzi adatha.
Ng'ombe zazikuluzikuluzi zili pangozi komanso zotetezedwa ndi lamulo
Belyak
Posakhalitsa patalipatali ngati mtundu wina, sichilinso cha kalulu wamba. Kalulu wa ku Arctic ali ndi makutu amfupi. Izi zimachepetsa kutentha. Ubweya wandiweyani, wamadzi amatetezanso ku nyengo yozizira. Kulemera kwa thupi la kalulu ku Arctic ndikoposa kwamtundu wa kalulu wamba. Kutalika, wokhala kumpoto amafikira masentimita 70.
Yatsani chithunzi nyama za ku Arctic Nthawi zambiri amadya mbali zina za zomera. Ichi ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha zakudya za kalulu. Komabe, zakudya zomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi impso, zipatso, udzu wachinyamata.
Mutha kusiyanitsa kalulu waku Arctic ndi kalulu wabwinobwino ndimakutu ake amfupi.
Mphalapala
Mosiyana ndi mbawala zina, zimakhala ndi ziboda zosiyanasiyana. M'nyengo yotentha, maziko awo amafanana ndi chinkhupule chomwe chimagwira pansi pofewa. M'nyengo yozizira, mabowo amamangiriridwa, m'mbali mwa ziboda zomwe mumakhala zazikulu komanso zosongoka. Amadulira ayezi ndi chipale chofewa, kutulutsa kutsetsereka.
Pali mitundu 45 ya agwape padziko lapansi, ndipo mtundu wakumpoto wokha ndi womwe uli ndi mimbulu, kaya ndi yamwamuna kapena yaikazi. Komanso, amuna amakhetsa zipewa zawo kumayambiriro kwa dzinja. Zapezeka kuti mphalapala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu sleigh ya Santa.
Mu mphalapala, amuna ndi akazi onse amavala mphalapala
Zowononga
Nkhandwe ya ku Arctic
Mwinanso amatchedwa nkhandwe, ndi a banja la canine. Za ziweto, zimafanana ndi galu wa Spitz. Monga tetrapods zapakhomo, nkhandwe ku Arctic imabadwa yakhungu. Maso amatseguka pafupifupi milungu iwiri.
Nyama za m'dera la Arctic makolo abwino komanso othandizana nawo. Mimba ya mkazi ikangomangidwa, yamphongo imayamba kumusaka, kudyetsa wosankhidwayo ndi ana ngakhale asanabadwe. Ngati zinyalala za wina aliyense zatsala zopanda makolo, nkhandwe zomwe zimapeza ana agalu zimatenga anawo. Chifukwa chake, ana makumi anayi nthawi zina amapezeka m'mabowo a nkhandwe. Kukula kwa zinyalala za nkhandwe ku Arctic ndi ana 8.
Nkhandwe
Mimbulu imabadwa osati akhungu komanso ogontha. Pakangotha miyezi yochepa, ana agalu amakhala olusa, olusa mwankhanza. Mimbulu imadya ozunzidwa amoyo. Komabe, nkhaniyi siili mu malingaliro okonda nkhanza, komanso momwe mano amakhalira. Mimbulu singathe kupha nyama mwachangu.
Asayansi akudabwa momwe munthu anawetera nkhandweyo. Maimvi amakono samapereka mwayi wophunzitsira, ngakhale amakulira mu ukapolo, osadziwa zamtchire. Pakadali pano, funsoli silinayankhidwe.
Chimbalangondo chakumtunda
Ndi nyama yolusa yamagazi yayikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kutambasula mamita 3 m'litali, zimbalangondo zina zakumtunda zimalemera pafupifupi tani. Mpaka mamita 4 ndi ma 1200 kilos, chimphona chachikulu chidatambasulidwa. Anachoka nyama zaku Arctic.
Zimbalangondo zakumtunda zimatha kubisala kapena sizibisalira. Njira yoyamba nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa ndi akazi apakati. Anthu ena akupitilizabe kusaka makamaka okhala m'madzi.
Nyama zam'madzi ku Arctic
Sindikiza
Pali mitundu 9 ya iwo m'magawo aku Russia, onse - nyama zakuthambo ndi zotsutsana... Pali zisindikizo zolemera makilogalamu 40, ndipo pali pafupifupi 2 matani. Mosasamala kanthu za mitunduyi, zisindikizo zimakhala theka la mafuta. Zimakupangitsani kukhala ofunda komanso opatsa mphamvu. M'madzi, zisindikizo, monga ma dolphin, zimagwiritsa ntchito echolocation.
Ku Arctic, zisindikizo zimasakidwa ndi anamgumi opha komanso zimbalangondo zakumtunda. Nthawi zambiri amadya nyama zazing'ono. Zisindikizo zazikulu ndizovuta kwambiri kuzilombo.
Chisindikizo cholumikizidwa
Chisindikizo chofala kwambiri ku Arctic ndi chithandizo chachikulu cha zimbalangondo zakumtunda. Ngati zotsalazo zikuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazinthu zotetezedwa, ndiye kuti anthu osindikizidwa sanawopsezedwebe. Akuti kuli anthu 3 miliyoni ku Arctic. Kukula.
Kulemera kwakukulu kwa chisindikizo chokhala ndi ringed ndi 70 kilogalamu. Nyamayo imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 140. Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono.
Kalulu wam'nyanja
M'malo mwake, chisindikizo chachikulu kwambiri. Avereji ya kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi theka la kamvekedwe. Chinyamacho chili ndi masentimita 250 kutalika. Kapangidwe kake, kalulu amasiyana ndi zisindikizo zina zamatumba ake akutsogolo pafupifupi paphewa, osunthira mbali.
Pokhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu, kalulu wam'madzi alibe mano olimba. Ndi zazing'ono ndipo zimatha msanga, zimagwa. Zisindikizo zakale nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda pakamwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusaka nsomba, chakudya chachikulu cha nyama zolusa.
Narwhal
Mtundu wa dolphin wokhala ndi nyanga m'malo mphuno. Zikuwoneka choncho. M'malo mwake, nyangazi ndi zingwe zazitali. Ndi owongoka, osongoka. M'masiku akale, zibambo za narwhals zidaperekedwa ngati nyanga za unicorn, ndikuthandizira nthano zakupezeka kwawo.
Mtengo wa mano a narwhal ndi wofanana ndi wa mano a njovu. M'madzi a m'nyanja, kutalika kwa canine kumatha kufikira 3 mita. Njovu zoterozo simudzazipeza masiku ano.
Walrus
Pokhala imodzi yamapini akulu kwambiri, ma walrus amakula ndolo imodzi yokha mita. Pamodzi ndi iwo, nyama imamatira pamafunde oundana, kupita kumtunda. Chifukwa chake, m'Chilatini, dzina la mitunduyo limamveka ngati "kuyenda mothandizidwa ndi mano."
Ma walrus ali ndi baculum wamkulu pakati pa zamoyo. Ndizokhudza fupa mu mbolo. Wokhala ku Arctic "amadzitama" pafupifupi baculum wa 60 sentimita.
Nsomba
Ndi yayikulu kwambiri osati pakati pa nyama zamakono zokha, komanso yomwe idakhalapo padziko lapansi. Kutalika kwa nsomba yamtambo kumafika mamita 33. Kulemera kwa nyama ndi matani 150. Pano nyama ziti zomwe zimakhala ku Arctic... N'zosadabwitsa kuti anamgumi ndiwo nyama zolakalakidwa ndi anthu akumpoto. Atapha munthu m'modzi, ma Evenks omwewo amapereka chakudya chokwanira nthawi yonse yozizira.
Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti anamgumi anasintha kuchokera ku zinyama za artiodactyl. Sizosavuta kuti zidutswa za ubweya zimapezeka pamatupi a zimphona zam'madzi. Ndipo anamgumi amadyetsa ana awo mkaka pazifukwa.
Mbalame za ku Arctic
Guillemot
Uyu ndi nzika yakomweko okhala m'matalala. Nthenga ndi yaying'ono kukula, imalemera mpaka kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka, yotambalala ndi masentimita 40. Mapiko a mapikowo ndi ang'onoang'ono mopanda tanthauzo, motero kumakhala kovuta kuti guillemot inyamuke. Mbalameyi imakonda kuthamanga pansi pamiyala, nthawi yomweyo imagwidwa ndi mafunde ampweya. Kuchokera pamwamba, guillemot imanyamuka pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa mita 10.
Guillemot ndi yakuda pamwamba, ndi yoyera pansipa. Pali mbalame zamitengo yolimba komanso zowonda. Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri osiyana. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi ndowe zopatsa thanzi. Amadyedwa ndi chisangalalo ndi nsomba.
Nyanja ya Rose
Okhala kumpoto ndakatulo amatcha kuti m'mawa kwa dera la Arctic. Komabe, m'zaka 100 zapitazi, anthu omwewo a ku Arctic, makamaka Aeskimo, ankadya nsomba zam'madzi ndikugulitsa nyama zawo zokhazokha kwa Azungu. Kwa m'modzi adatenga pafupifupi $ 200. Zonsezi zachepetsa mbalame zazing'ono zapinki kale. Amaphatikizidwa mu Red Data Book ngati nyama yomwe ili pangozi.
Kutalika kwa duwa sikudutsa masentimita 35. Kumbuyo kwa nyama ndi imvi, ndipo bere ndi mimba ndizofanana ndi kamvekedwe ka flamingo. Miyendo ndi yofiira. Mlomo ndi wakuda. Mkandawo ndi wamtundu womwewo.
Partridge
Amakonda tummra yotsekemera, komanso amapezeka ku Arctic. Monga wamba, ptarmigan ndi ya banja la grouse, dongosolo la nkhuku. Mitundu ya arctic ndi yayikulu. Kutalika, chinyama chimafika masentimita 42.
Mapazi olimba nthenga amathandiza kambalame kupulumuka kumpoto. Ngakhale zala zakutidwa. Mphuno za mbalameyi "zimavalanso".
Wotsata
Zisa zake m'mphepete mwa miyala ndipo zimakhala zakuda. Pali zolemba zoyera pamapiko. Thambo la mbalameyi ndi lofiira kwambiri. Momwemonso pamiyendo. Kutalika, guillemot imafika masentimita 40.
Ma Guillemots ku Arctic ndi ambiri. Pali pafupifupi 350,000 awiriawiri. Anthu amadyetsa nsomba. Zimaswana pa miyala ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Lyurik
Wochezera pafupipafupi madera akumpoto a mbalame. Zimaswana m'magulu akulu. Amatha kupezeka pafupi ndi madzi komanso pamtunda wa makilomita 10.
Lurik ali ndi mlomo waufupi ndipo amawoneka ngati wavala chovala cha mchira. Chifuwa cha mbalameyi ndi choyera, ndipo pamwamba pake chilichonse ndi chakuda, ngati pansi pamimba. Mutu nawonso ndi wakuda. Makulidwe a dandy ndi ochepa.
Punochka
Ndi a oatmeal, kakang'ono, amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 40. Mbalameyi imasamuka; kuchokera kumayiko ofunda imabwerera ku Arctic mu Marichi. Amuna ndiwo oyamba kufika. Akukonza zisa. Kenako zazikazi zimafika, ndipo nyengo yakuswana imayamba.
Pankhani yazakudya, kukwatirana ndi omnivorous. M'nyengo yotentha, mbalame zimakonda chakudya cha nyama, kugwira tizilombo. M'dzinja, kuphulika kwa matalala kumatembenukira ku zipatso ndi bowa.
Kadzidzi Polar
Yaikulu kwambiri pakati pa akadzidzi. Mapiko a nthenga amapita masentimita 160. Monga nyama zambiri, Arctic ndi yoyera ngati chipale chofewa. Uku ndikudzibisa. Kukhala chete kwakuthawikira kuwoneka kwakunja. Izi zimathandiza kadzidzi kugwira nyama yake. Makamaka ziphuphu zimakhala iye. Kwa miyezi 12, kadzidzi amadya makoswe oposa chikwi chimodzi ndi theka.
Kwa zisa, akadzidzi achisanu amasankha mapiri, kuyesa kupeza malo ouma opanda chipale chofewa.
Kadzidzi polar ndiye membala wamkulu kwambiri m'banja la kadzidzi
Mosiyana ndi mitundu 20 ya nyama zambalame ku Arctic, pali mayina 90. Ndikunena choncho za nyama za ku Arctic, mumathera nthawi yanu yochuluka ku mbalame. Anayamba kuwawerenga, monga dera lomwe, m'zaka za zana la 4 BC.
Zolemba za Pytheas waku Marseilles zasungidwa. Anapanga ulendo wopita ku Tula. Ili linali dzina la dzikolo ku Far North. Kuyambira pamenepo, anthu wamba adziwa zakupezekanso kwa Arctic. Lero mayiko 5 amafunsira izi. Komabe, aliyense ali ndi chidwi osati mwapadera monga alumali ndi mafuta.
