Coryphane - nsombandi dolphin m'Chigiriki. Ndiwodziwika m'maiko ambiri ndipo uli ndi mayina osiyanasiyana. Ku America amatchedwa dorado, ku Europe dzina lodziwika bwino ndi coriphen, ku England - nsomba za dolphin (dolphin), ku Italy - lampyga. Ku Thailand, nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kugonana. Amuna amatchedwa dorad, akazi amatchedwa mahi-mahi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Dorado ali m'gulu la akavalo mackerel ndipo ndiye yekhayo m'banja. Ndi nsomba yolusa yokhala ndi thupi lokwera, yofinya m'mbali. Mutuwo ndiwophwatalala, nthawi zina kwambiri mpaka patali zimawoneka kuti nsombayo ilibe mutu. Mimbulu yam'mbuyo imayamba "kumapeto" ndikukhala kumbuyo konse, ikusowa kumchira. Mchira umasindikizidwa ndi mwezi wokongola wa kachigawo.
Mano ake ndi akuthwa, ozungulira, ang'ono, ndipo alipo ambiri. Zimapezeka osati kokha pamkamwa, komanso m'kamwa komanso palilime. Chovala cha coriphene ndi chokongola kwambiri - mambawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, abuluu kapena emarodi pamwamba, akumadetsa kwambiri kumapiko a dorsal ndi caudal. Mbali ndi mimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowala. Thupi lonse limawala ndi golide kapena siliva.
Kutalika kwa nsomba kumakhala pafupifupi 1-1.5 m, pomwe kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 30 kg. Ngakhale kutalika kwake ndi kulemera kwake kwamtunduwu ndikokulirapo. Kuphatikiza apo, zowunikira zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe apadera - monga lamulo, alibe chikhodzodzo chosambira. Kupatula apo, amawerengedwa ngati nsomba za benthic, chifukwa chake chiwalo ichi sichothandiza kwa iwo.
Corifena ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, zitsanzo zina zimatha kupitilira mita 1.5 kutalika
Koma, ngakhale ali ndi utoto wowala komanso mikhalidwe ina, gawo lalikulu la nsombayo ndi kukoma kwake. M'malo odyera okwera mtengo, amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazakudya zotchuka kwambiri, mwala wophika.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri yokha mwa mtunduwo.
- Wotchuka kwambiri ndi chachikulu kapena wowala wagolide (Coryphaena hippurus). Amatchedwanso Nsomba yagolidi, ngakhale kuti ndi nsomba yosiyana kotheratu. Kutalika kwake, kumafika 2.1 m ndikulemera kuposa 40 kg.
Kukongola kumawoneka ngati mfumukazi yaufumu wamadzi wapansi pamadzi. Mphumi ndilotambalala komanso lalitali, kuphatikiza pakamwa pocheperako, zimapanga chithunzi chodzikuza cha mwini wake. Zazikulu corifena pachithunzichi Nthawi zonse amakhala ndi nkhanza zapamwamba. Chimawoneka ngati chinsomba chimodzi chachikulu chifukwa chakamphuno kake kopindika. Ndi chovala chake chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi chokongola kwambiri. Mtundu wa nyanja yakuya ndi utoto wofiirira kumbuyo, mbali, malankhulidwe olemera amasintha ndikukhala golide wachikaso koyamba, kenako nkuwala.
Pamaso pathupi pamakhala penti wonyezimira wa golide wachitsulo, makamaka mchira. Mabala amtundu wabuluu amawoneka mbali. Mimba nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyera moyera, ngakhale itha kukhala yapinki, yobiriwira kapena yachikasu munyanja zosiyanasiyana.
Mu nsomba zomwe zagwidwa, utoto umakhala wonyezimira ndi mayi wa ngale kwa kanthawi, kenako pang'onopang'ono umakhala silvery ndi imvi. Pamene nsombayo ikugwedeza, mtundu wake umakhala wakuda. Mayiko akulu omwe amapanga zowunikira zazikulu ndi Japan ndi Taiwan.
- Coryphane yaying'ono kapena dorado mahi mahi (Coryphaena equiselis). Avereji ya kukula ndi pafupifupi theka la mita, kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 5-7 kg. Koma nthawi zina imakula mpaka masentimita 130-140, imalemera pafupifupi 15-20 kg. Jenda samasiyana kwambiri. Thupi limalumikizidwa komanso limapanikizika, labuluu labuluu ndi chitsulo chitsulo.
Palibe pafupifupi golide golide mu mtundu, m'malo mwake, siliva. Amakhala panyanja, koma nthawi zambiri amalowa m'madzi am'mphepete mwa nyanja. The Lesser Coryphene, monga mlongo wamkulu, ndi gulu la nsomba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapanga sukulu zosakanikirana. Imawonedwanso ngati nsomba yamtengo wapatali yamalonda, anthu ochuluka kwambiri amawonedwa pagombe la South America.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Corifena amakhala pafupifupi m'madzi onse otentha am'nyanja, osunthika nthawi zonse. Ndizovuta kuzipeza pafupi ndi gombe, zimadutsa malo amadzi otseguka. Nthawi zambiri imagwidwa ku Atlantic, pafupi ndi Cuba ndi Latin America, ku Pacific Ocean, ku Indian Ocean kuchokera ku Thailand ndi magombe aku Africa, komanso ku Nyanja ya Mediterranean.
Ndi nsomba ya pelagic yomwe imakhala m'madzi apansi mpaka kuzama kwa mita 100. Imayenda maulendo ataliatali, kupita kumalo ozizira nthawi yotentha. Nthawi zina kuunika kwakukulu kumasambira mpaka kunyanja Yakuda.
Makampani otchuka kwambiri omwe amapanga nsomba zamasewerawa amapezeka ku Central America, Seychelles ndi Caribbean, komanso Nyanja Yofiira ku Egypt. Nsomba zazing'ono zimakhazikika pagulu ndikusaka. Ndi zaka, chiwerengero chawo chimachepa pang'onopang'ono.
Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala osowa nyama odyetsa anzawo. Amadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono zamitundu yonse, koma nsomba zowuluka zimawoneka ngati chakudya chapadera. Zowononga zimawasaka mwaluso komanso ndi mkwatulo. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe zowunikira zimadumphira m'madzi pambuyo pa omwe awazunza, kuwapeza akuthawa. Kulumpha kwawo pakadali pano kumafika 6 m.
Mu Russia, mutha kukumana ndi coryphane m'madzi a Black Sea
Kuthamangitsa nyama zouluka corifena dorado akhoza kudumpha molunjika pachombo chodutsa. Koma nthawi zina chilombocho chimagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwa njira yosamvetsetseka, amawerengera komwe nsomba "yolumpha" idzatsikire m'madzi. Kumeneko imadikirira nyamayo ndi kukamwa kwakeko. Amalemekezanso nyama ya squid ndipo nthawi zina amadya ndere.
Zimachitika kuti zowunikira zimatsagana ndi zombo zazing'ono kwa nthawi yayitali. Kupatula apo, mbali zawo m'madzi nthawi zambiri zimakutidwa ndi zipolopolo, izi zimakopa nsomba zazing'ono. Nsomba zolusa zimawasaka. Ndipo anthu kale, nawonso, agwire mlenje wochenjera. "Kuzungulira kwa chakudya m'chilengedwe."
Kuphatikiza apo, mumthunzi wamabwato, anthu okhala kumadera otentha ali ndi mwayi wopuma pa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, dorado sichitsalira kumbuyo kwa sitima yoyenda. Nzosadabwitsa kuti iwo ndi akatswiri osambira. Liwiro la ma coryphans angafikire 80.5 km / h.
Kusodza kwa Trophy kumachitika ndi njirayi kupondaponda (ndi chitsogozo cha nyambo yapamtunda yochokera kuboti loyenda). Chakudya chawo chomwe amakonda chimasankhidwa ngati nyambo - ntchentche (nsomba zouluka), okosi (nyama ya squid) ndi ma sardine ang'onoang'ono. Zinyambo zimakonzedwa molingana ndi chiwembucho, zonse pamodzi ziyenera kupanga chithunzi chimodzi komanso chachilengedwe cha chilombocho.
Corifena amasambira mwachangu kwambiri ndikudumphira m'madzi
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Coryphans ndi nsomba za thermophilic ndipo zimangoberekera m'madzi ofunda. Amatha msinkhu munthawi zosiyanasiyana, kutengera komwe amakhala. Mwachitsanzo, ku Gulf of Mexico, amapsa koyamba kwa miyezi 3.5, kugombe la Brazil ndi ku Caribbean - miyezi 4, ku North Atlantic - miyezi 6-7.
Anyamata amakula msinkhu wokulirapo - kutalika kwawo kumakhala pakati pa 40 mpaka 91 cm, pomwe mwa atsikana - kuyambira masentimita 35 mpaka 84. Kusamba kumakhala chaka chonse. Koma zochitika zapadera zimachitika kuyambira Seputembara mpaka Disembala. Mazira amaponyedwa m'magawo. Mazira onse ndi ochokera ku 240 zikwi mpaka 3 miliyoni.
Mphutsi zazing'ono, zikafika sentimita imodzi ndi theka, zimakhala ngati nsomba ndipo zimasamukira kufupi ndi gombe. Kawirikawiri, coryphans amawonetsa zizindikiro za ma hermaphrodites - nsomba zazing'ono zosakwana chaka chimodzi ndi amuna onse, ndipo akamakula, amakhala akazi. Dorado amakhala zaka 4 mpaka 15, kutengera mitundu ndi malo okhala.
Zosangalatsa
- Malinga ndi malingaliro otchuka a amalinyero, coriphene imayandama pamwamba pomwe nyanja ndiyolimba. Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe ake amawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha mkuntho woyandikira.
- Ngati chowala choyamba chogwidwa chimasungidwa m'madzi otseguka, ndiye kuti zina zonse zimayandikira, mutha kuwapeza kunyengeza (kusodza ndi nyambo yachilengedwe kuchokera pa bwato lomwe likuyimirira kapena likuyenda pang'onopang'ono) ndi kuponyera (ndodo yopota imodzimodziyo, yokhala ndi zotengera zazitali komanso zolondola).
- Pogwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi cha ma coryphans kuti azibisala mumthunzi wa zinthu zoyandama, asodzi pachilumbachi apeza njira zosangalatsa zowedza. Mateti angapo kapena mapepala a plywood amamangidwa pamodzi ngati chinsalu chachikulu, m'mphepete mwake momwe zimamangiriridwa. "Bulangeti" loyandama limakhazikika pachingwe chonyamula katundu ndikulitumiza munyanja. Chipangizochi chitha kuyandama pamwamba, kapena chimamira m'madzi, kutengera mphamvu yapano. Choyamba, mwachangu amamuyandikira, kenako adani. Njira yotereyi imatchedwa "kulowerera (kulowerera)" - kuchokera pobisalira. Kawirikawiri bwato losodza limayendetsanso pambali pake.
- Kuyambira kale, chowunikiracho chimakhala choyamikiridwa ndikulemekezedwa ngati chakudya chokoma. Aroma akale adalimera m'madzi amchere amchere. Chithunzi chake chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro. Ku Malta, adagwidwa ndi ndalama ya 10 senti, ndipo ku Barbados, chithunzi cha dorado chidakongoletsa malaya aboma.
Zomwe zimaphikidwa kuchokera ku corifena
Nyama ya Coryphene ali ndi kukoma pang'ono pang'ono komanso mawonekedwe osakhwima kwambiri. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri, ndiyowopsa kuyeserera, ili ndi mafupa ochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi fungo losakhwima komanso loyera loyera.. Dorado amayamikiridwa osati ndi ma gourmets okha, komanso ndi okonda chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chifukwa nyama ya nsomba imawerengedwa kuti ndi ya zakudya, ndi mafuta ochepa, koma ndi mapuloteni ambiri, amino acid othandiza komanso zinthu zina. Cholepheretsa chokha ndi cha iwo omwe sagwirizana ndi nsomba komanso ana aang'ono omwe ndi owopsa pamafupa.
Coryphene imakonzedwa m'njira zingapo - mphodza, kuphika, kuwotcha, kuwira ndi utsi. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupanga jellied dorado ndi zitsamba. Kapena mwachangu mu batter, mkate kapena pakhoma la waya ndi zonunkhira ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Msuzi wochokera ku corifena ndi wokoma kwambiri, koma mutha kuphika msuzi wa julienne ndi bowa ndi sikwashi kapena zukini.
Mtengo wa nyali suli wopitilira muyeso, chithunzi chidatengedwa m'sitolo ku Krasnodar
Chipilala chachikulu cha zaluso zophikira chimatha kukhala chitumbuwa chodzaza ndi nsomba ndi maolivi. Dorado amayenda bwino ndi zitsamba ndi masamba ambiri, kuphatikiza mbatata, komanso kirimu ndi kirimu wowawasa, mandimu komanso chimanga. Nyama yonse yodzaza ndi buckwheat kapena phala la mpunga imaphikidwa mu uvuni.
Likukhalira chokoma kwambiri corifena mu kutumphuka kwa mbatata (wokutidwa ndi chisakanizo cha mbatata zabwino kwambiri, tchizi ndi mafuta). Mwachitsanzo, achi Japan adathira mchere ndikuumitsa. Anthu aku Thailand amayenda pang'ono, kenako nkuyigwiritsa ntchito yaiwisi.
