Pali nthano zambiri, zonena komanso zonena za zokwawa izi. Amanenedwa ngati nyama zosamala komanso zobisa. Chifukwa chakuti njoka zimawonedwa kawirikawiri ndi anthu, nthano zapangidwa za iwo, mwachitsanzo, kuti iliyonse ya izo ndi yoopsa. M'malo mwake, kuukira kwa chokwawa pamunthu ndikosowa kwambiri. Kumtchire, njoka siyifuna kulimbana ndi chilombo chachikulu.
Ena otchuka mayina a mitundu ya njoka: anaconda, king cobra, rice, reticic brown, rattlesnake, efa, black mamba, tiger, sand python, ndi zina zambiri.
Njoka zapoizoni
Black Mamba
Chimodzi mwa zokwawa zowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Izi njoka yapoizoni wamba ku Africa. Mamba wakuda ndi owopsa modabwitsa. Kuluma kwake kumatha kupha munthu msanga (pasanathe mphindi 40). Koma, ngati mankhwalawa abayidwa munthawi yake, zitha kupezeka zotsatira zakupha.
Munthu akamuluma amamva kuwawa kwambiri. Dera lodzaza ndi necrotic limapezeka pamalo ophulikira. Pamene mankhwala owopsa amafalikira, zizindikiro monga kusanza, chizungulire komanso nseru zimawonekera.
Njokayo idalandira dzina ili osati chifukwa chakuda pakamwa. Njokayo imakhalanso yakuda kuposa maolivi wakuda. Mamba wakuda amadyetsa mbalame, mileme ndi makoswe.
Mfumu Cobra
Amakhala patsogolo pamndandanda wazinyama zowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Izi mawonedwe a njoka pachithunzichi zimawoneka zowopsa, ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa mamba ndi wamkulu. Mtundu wa thupi lake ndi azitona.
Nyama iyi imadziwika chifukwa cha kukula kwake koopsa komanso poizoni wosaneneka. Kukula kwakukulu kwa thupi lake ndi mamita 5.5. Kuthengo, king cobra amakhala zaka pafupifupi 30. Ndizowopsa osati kwa anthu okha, komanso kwa nyama zazikulu zomwe zimakhala kumadera otentha aku Asia.
Njokayi imabisala osati m'maenje ndi m'mapanga okha, komanso m'mitengo. Chakudya chake chachikulu ndi makoswe.
Sadzaluma munthu ngati akuwona kuti sakuwopseza. Nthawi zambiri, pofuna kudziteteza, nyama imaluma kangapo, osabaya jakisoni. Koma, ngati poizoni wake adalowabe m'thupi la munthu, zimabweretsa ziwalo ndi kupuma. Chosangalatsa cha king cobra! Atha kukhala opanda chakudya kwa miyezi itatu.
Njoka ya ku Gabon
Wina njoka yoopsa... Thupi lake lili ndi masikelo ofiira ofiira, oyera, akuda komanso obiriwira. Njoka ya ku Gabon ndi imodzi mwanjoka zazikulu kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Amapezeka m'masamba a ku Africa. Amakonda chinyezi kwambiri.
Kutalika kwakukula kwa nyama zokwawa ndi 2 mita. Ngakhale kupezeka kwa poyizoni, njokayo samakonda kuwukira anthu. Chifukwa chake ndichikhalidwe chamtendere. Njoka ya ku Gabon imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamitengo yosamala kwambiri ya njoka. Nthawi zambiri samachita zinthu zosokoneza, amakonda kudikirira zoopsa pamalo obisika. Komabe, nyamazi zinkapwetekabe anthu, koma pokhapokha zikawaputa.
Popeza njoka ya ku Gabon sikuti imangokhala yosasamala, komanso yochedwa, imatha kugwidwa mosavuta. Pofuna kudya chule kapena buluzi, chikhochi chimakhala m'malo obisalako kwanthawi yayitali, posankha nthawi yoyenera yomenyera. Imasaka usiku wokha.
Chipululu cha taipan
Mosakayikira ndichowopsa kwambiri pamiyala yonse yamtunda. Dzina lake lachiwiri ndi "njoka yankhanza". Amakhala kumayiko aku Australia. Anthu opitilira 2.5 mita kutalika adakumana nawo.
Mtundu wa sikelo ya taipan ndi wachikasu-udzu. Mbali yake yakumaso ndiyopepuka pang'ono. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kutsika kwa kutentha kwa mpweya, kumatulutsa mtundu wa njoka. Monga ziwalo zina zamtundu wake, taipan ya m'chipululu imadyetsa makoswe. Samatengedwa ngati nyama yolusa.
Njoka yamatope
Kuwonekera kwa njoka zowopsa mokwanira. Mtundu wa thupi lake umatha kukhala wofiirira, wotuwa-bulauni komanso wachikasu. Kuyeza kwapakati pa thupi ndi 1.5 mita. Amapezeka pachilumba cha New Guinea, komanso ku Indonesia.
Njoka yofiirira yolukidwa siilola chinyezi. Nthawi zambiri, imapezeka m'nkhalango youma kapena m'mapiri. Koma zipululu sizimamukopa, chifukwa kuli malo ochepa komwe mungabisalire dzuwa.
Chokwawa ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, anthu masauzande ambiri adaphedwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti imalowa m'makhalidwe a anthu nthawi zambiri. Cholinga chake ndikusaka mbewa zapakhomo zomwe mungadye. Komanso njoka yofiirira yodyedwa ndiukonde imadyetsa nyama zina zamamba.
Phiri la njoka ku Texas
Ngakhale bata la njoka yaku Texas, bata lake limatha kupha munthu. Amapezeka ku Canada. Chifukwa chaching'ono pamutu, rattlesnakes amatchedwanso "pit-headed".
Imeneyi ndi nyama yokongola yowala, yomwe thupi lake limapangidwa ndi bulauni-bulauni. Munthu m'modzi akhoza kulemera mpaka 8 kg. M'nyengo yozizira, nyamayo imakhala yosagwira ntchito, chifukwa imalandira ma radiation osakwanira. Zakudya zake:
- Mazira a mbalame;
- Achule;
- Makoswe ang'onoang'ono;
- Buluzi.
Njoka ikamaopsezedwa, imayesetsa kudziteteza mwa kugogoda pansi ndi mchira wake.
Efa
Nyama yowopsa, yomwe poizoni wake ndi wowopsa kwambiri. Ndi yaying'ono (mpaka mita imodzi). Efa ndi wobisala wabwino. Mtundu wa nondescript wa sikelo umalola kuti usawoneke mwachilengedwe. Nyamayi ndi yofala ku Africa ndi Asia.
Njoka wamba
Izi njoka amadziwika kwambiri. Sakhala ku Europe kokha komanso ku Asia. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mikwingwirima yaying'ono kwambiri. Mwa njira, kuluma kwa mphiri sikupha kawirikawiri, koma kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto akulu azaumoyo, monga kukomoka.
Njoka imakonda dzuwa, chifukwa chake, nthawi yotentha, imabisala m'misasa, imakonda kuweruka nthawi yayitali pabwalo. Amadyetsa osati nyama zazing'ono zokha, komanso mazira a mbalame.
Mdani wamkulu wa njoka iyi si munthu konse, koma hedgehog. Amakhala ndi chitetezo cha poizoni wa mphiri, motero kuluma kwake sikungamuike pachiwopsezo chilichonse. Ankhandwe ndi mbalame zodya nyama nawonso amasaka mamba amenewa.
Cobra waku Philippines
Chifuwa chochepa cha munthuyu ndichokwanira kupha anthu atatu. Amadziwika ku Philippines. Thupi la nyama iyi limatha kutalika mamita 2. Amakopeka ndi nkhalango zowirira komanso madambo.
Cobra wa ku Philippines amakonda matupi amadzi, motero nthawi zambiri amakwawa pafupi nawo. Chakudya chake chachikulu ndi mbewa. Mdani wamkulu wa munthu ameneyu mwa njoka ndi mamba mfumu. Komanso mbalame zolusa ndi makoswe akuluakulu amatha kuwononga kwambiri.
Krait ya riboni
Njoka yokongola kwambiri yopezeka ku India. Pathupi pake pamakhala mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yachikaso. Dzina lachiwiri la mitunduyo ndi pama. Bokosi la Ribbon limakonda nkhokwe. Akakumana ndi munthu, modzichepetsa amatsitsa mutu wake, ndichifukwa chake adalandira dzina lotchuka - "njoka yamanyazi."
Njoka ya kambuku
Amapezeka m'malo odyetserako msipu ku Australia. Mtundu wa mambawo ndi azitona kapena bulauni-bulauni. Kuluma kwa munthu wotere kumatha kupha munthu, koma sikumawukira anthu. Kupsa mtima kwa nyalugwe kumakhala kwamtendere. The poizoni wa nyama yotereyo imatha kufooketsa munthu.
Kaisaka alcatraz
Njoka iyi imatsata wovulalayo mothandizidwa ndi chiwalo china chomwe chimazindikira kutentha. Ili pamutu pake. Izi mitundu yachilendo ya njoka amakhala ku Brazil. Amadyetsa makoswe ndi ena onga iwo. Makulidwe amunthuyu ndi 2.5 mita. Kaisaka alcatraz amadziwika kuti ndi mikwingwirima yayikulu.
Asp ku Aigupto
Njoka yayikulu komanso yokongola kwambiri, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yankhanza. Pali milandu yodziwikiratu popanda chifukwa kwa anthu ochokera kumbali yake. Mitundu yamtunduwu, ikawopsezedwa, imatha kutulutsa phokoso lokhazikika.
Anthu ena adapeza mwayi wogwira njoka ndikuthyola mano. Poterepa, chinyama chimakhala pansi. Anthu okhala ku Igupto wakale nthawi zambiri ankasewera naye paphwando ndi zochitika zina zosangalatsa. Mosiyana ndi njoka zina zambiri, njokayo imayikira mazira.
Njoka yam'nyanja yamfupi
Izi ndi mitundu yachilendo kwambiri yazinyama zomwe zimapezeka m'miyala yamiyala yamiyala. Dera ili limamukopa pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, imakhala ngati pobisalira adani, ndipo chachiwiri, njoka zimasaka nyama zam'madzi. Chakudya cha mitundu iyi ya zokwawa ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Poizoni amabisidwa m'mano mwake, ndipo amamubaya nawo. Mwa njira, njoka zam'nyanja zimameza zonse.
Ngakhale kuli poizoni wowopsa, chinyama ichi sichimavulaza anthu. Ngakhale itagwera mu ukonde wosodza, imatha kuchotsedwa ndikuchotsedwa mosavuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti njoka yam'nyanja sidzaluma munthu amene samupweteka.
Njoka zopanda ululu
Njoka yofiira
Ndizofala mitundu ya njoka zowetazomwe newbies nthawi zambiri zimayatsa. Kutalika kwa thupi kwa munthu mpaka 1 mita. Komabe, kuthengo, njoka zofiira zazitali kwambiri zalembedwa, mpaka 2 mita. Mtundu wa nyama ndi wowala kwambiri, wofiira-lalanje kapena woyera-lalanje. Mitundu ina ili ndi mamba wakuda.
Ndikosavuta komanso kosangalatsa kusunga nyama yotere kunyumba. Amadziwika ndi munthu wabwino komanso wochita bwino. Komabe, mwini njoka yofiira ayenera kukumbukira kuti ali ndi chidwi chambiri. Chifukwa chake, kumusiya yekha pagulu lotseguka sikoyenera.
Njoka yamkaka
Nyama yokongola kwambiri, yomwe thupi lake limakhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, yakuda ndi yoyera. Ndikosavuta kukhala kunyumba ku terrarium. Kuti idye kanyama kakang'ono, njoka ya mkaka imaluma koyamba, kuikonza, kenako ndikukulunga thupi lonse moiphatikira. Komabe, amameza mbewa zazing'ono mosavuta popanda izi.
Nsato zadothi zaku Mexico
Dziko lakwawo lamtunduwu ndi Central America. Nthawi zambiri imatha kuwoneka pagombe la Pacific. Kuphatikiza pa makoswe, nsato yadothi imadya abuluzi ndi mbozi zapadziko lapansi.
Mwachilengedwe, pali oimira ofiira ofiira komanso ofiira amtunduwu. Njoka iyi sikugwira ntchito, komabe, munyengo yoswana (Novembala-Disembala), imakhala yoyenda kwambiri.
Njoka yodya mazira
Kupezeka ku Africa. Kutengera ndi dzina la mitunduyo, ndikosavuta kunena kuti imadyetsa mazira. Zodabwitsazi monga mawonekedwe azakugonana sizimawoneka mu njoka izi. Chodziwika bwino cha anthuwa chili m'mafupa othamanga kwambiri.
Amalola odyera mazira kutsegula pakamwa pawo, kumeza ngakhale mazira akulu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chipolopolocho sichimakumbidwa ndi m'mimba mwa njoka, chifukwa chake, ikameza, nyama zimatsokomola. Zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira mitu yotere pamulu wa masamba, chifukwa siyimayimira mtundu wosiyanasiyana. Pali anthu owala komanso amdima amtunduwu.
Njoka yakhungu ngati nyongolotsi
Munthuyu amafanana kwambiri ndi nyongolotsi yotutumuka. Njoka yakhungu yooneka ngati nyongolotsi ndi nthumwi yaying'ono ya kalasi yazinyama, kutalika kwake sikupitilira 35 cm.
Njoka iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi nyongolotsi yapadziko lapansi chifukwa chokhala ndi masikelo owala, ndizovuta kuziphonya. Mikwingwirima yakuda imatha kuwoneka mbali zonse za thupi lake. Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Dagestan, Asia Minor, Caucasus ndi ku Balkan.
Mwa kufananiza ndi mphutsi, njoka zakhungu zimakumba maenje pansi. Amadyetsa tizilombo tokha. Ponena za kulumikizana ndi anthu, munthuyu sakhala pachiwopsezo chilichonse kwa iwo.
Njoka yonyezimira
Chimodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri zamtundu wake. Thupi la njoka yowala ili ndi utawaleza. Komanso, imawonekera ngakhale pamaso pa kuwala kopangira. Malo okhala nyama ndi Southeast Asia.
Amakopeka ndi nkhalango zowirira ndi dothi lotayirira. Nthawi zambiri masana, njokayo imakhala mmenemo, ndikuchita zovuta. Umenewu ndi mtundu wa mamba wamasana, womwe umabisala m'mabowo kapena masikono amitengo masana. Njoka yowala nthawi zonse imapewa anthu, koma akaigwira sasiya. Munthuyo amayamba kusiya, kuluma ndikununkhiza.
Chokwawa pansi, chinyama chimafuna kugwira nyamayo mwachangu ndikubwerera kumalo obisika komwe chinatulukira. Chenjezo lake linapangitsa kuti pakhale chinthu china chothandiza - kumeza mwachangu wodwalayo.
Zachilendo kale
Kugawidwa ku kontinenti ya Euro-Asia. Imaonekera kale motsata maziko a njoka zina zokhala ndi zipsera zazing'ono m'mbali mwa mutu. Mumtundu uwu wamankhwala, mawonekedwe azakugonana amatsatiridwa momveka bwino: njoka yachikazi ndiyokulirapo kuposa yamphongo.
Chakudya chachikulu cha njokayi ndi achule ang'onoang'ono. Koma amatha kudya nsomba kapena mbewa. Kumtchire, nthawi zambiri amakhala nyama ya nyama zina, makamaka mbalame zolusa.
Pali zitsanzo zambiri zopambana zakumweta njoka. Amalekerera kusowa kwa ufulu bwino, ndiye kuti ukapolo. Anthu ena amagwiritsanso ntchito njoka zapakhomo kupha makoswe.
Kukwera skid
Njoka iyi ndiyosangalatsa chifukwa chakukonda kwake mitengo. Mwachifaniziro ndi boa constrictor, njokayo imakulunga thupi lonse mozungulira womenyedwayo ndikumupachika. Mwa njira, imadyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ndi mazira a mbalame, makamaka ma iguana. Mikwingwirima yakuda yayenda mothamanga thupi lonse lofiirira. Mamba a njoka iyi ndi osalala kwambiri.
Mkuwa wamba
Njoka ya nondescript iyi imagawidwa pafupifupi kudera lonse la Europe lamakono. Ngakhale amatha kusambira bwino, mitu yamkuwa imangokhalira kudutsa m'malo amvula, amakopeka ndi nkhalango zowononga.
Chakudya chachikulu cha njokayi ndi abuluzi ang'onoang'ono. Mwa njira, amawasaka masana okha. Nthawi zambiri, mutu wamkuwa umagunda mbewa kapena mpheta. Milandu yakudya anzawo idalembedwa pakati pa oimira amtunduwu. Mdani wamkulu wa m'nkhalango ya nyama yotere ndi marten.
Mabwato
Anaconda
Mtundu wotchuka wa boa constrictor. Anaconda amadziwika ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu, mpaka mamita 6.5 m'litali. Palibe njoka yamakono yomwe ingadzitamande pamitundu yotere. Amapezeka kumadera otentha ku South America.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti! Anaconda wamtali kwambiri padziko lapansi adapezeka mu 1944. Kutalika kwa thupi lake kunaposa mamita 11. Masikelo a boa constrictor wamkuluyu ndi obiriwira mdima. Pakhoza kukhala mdima wandiweyani pathupi pake komanso wachikaso pambali. Ngakhale kulibe poizoni, nyama iyi imatha kuvulaza munthu, choyambirira, ndikuluma kowawa. Koma, simukuyenera kudikirira kuti awonongeke, ngati simumusokoneza.
Anaconda amakonda madzi, chifukwa chake amapezeka kufupi ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja. Amatha kugona pansi pa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, akumadzisangalatsa, komabe amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi. Mwa njira, apa ndi pomwe amakhetsa. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zam'madzi zimakonda kudya anaconda, komanso zimadyanso nyama, abuluzi ndi nsomba.
Common boa constrictor
Boa constrictor - mtundu wa njoka, omwe samangokhalira kukwawa kudera louma. Amapezeka pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Mitunduyi imapezeka ku Central America. Nyama zamphongo ndi zazing'ono zimakhala nyama yake.
Chifukwa chakusowa kwaululu komanso mawonekedwe osangalatsa, anthu ena amakonda kusunga nyumba zazikulu zamamba. Komabe, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti pomangidwa akuyenera kudyetsedwa ndi makoswe kapena nkhuku zamoyo. Mitundu yachilendo imawonekera pathupi la munthuyo. Amatha msinkhu pofika zaka zitatu.
Boa wamutu wagalu
Mbalame yokongola yobiriwirayi imapezeka kumadera otentha ku South America. Imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwanjoka zazikulu kwambiri, mpaka 3 mita kutalika. Kumbuyo kwa nyama iyi, mutha kuwona bwino mamba oyera akupanga mikwingwirima yopyapyala yopindika.
Boa wamutu wagalu amakonda kwambiri mitengo. Chifukwa cha mchira wake wakuthengo, imatha kudzikhazikika mwamphamvu panthambi yolimba, ngakhale kupachikika mozondoka. Iyi ndi imodzi mwamitundu yochepa ya njoka yomwe ndi yosavuta kuweta. Ali mu ukapolo, amachita modekha komanso mosamala, kupumula masana ambiri. Chakudya cha boa chamutu wagalu chimakhala mbalame.
Mchenga boa
Mitunduyi ikupezeka ku Africa, Western Europe ndi Asia. Mchenga wa boa constrictor ndi njoka yowala.Pathupi pake pamchenga, pamatha kukhala masikelo owala kapena abulau amtundu wozungulira. Nyama iyi imakopeka ndi ma steppes owuma.
Zimadya mbewa, akamba, abuluzi ndi mbalame zina. Mzimayi wamtundu wamtunduwu ndi wokulirapo 1.5 kuposa wamwamuna. Sand boa constrictor ili ndi mano ochepa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake kuluma kwawo sikosangalatsa. Komabe, mulibe poizoni mwa iwo, chifukwa chake, kulumako sikukuyikira anthu pachiwopsezo.
Utawaleza boa
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu yochepa ya zokwawa, pa thupi lomwe inu mukhoza kuwona kunyezimira utawaleza. Mtundu wa munthuyu ndiwosangalatsa. Mtundu wake waukulu wa mamba ndiwofiirira, koma masikelo opepuka ndi amdima amapindidwa mumizere yozungulira, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi nthiti yakuda.
Thupi la njoka limanyezimira pokhapokha likawonetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Ndizosangalatsa kumuwona akusuntha nyengo yotentha. Mwa njira, utawaleza ndi wosambira wabwino kwambiri.
Madagascar boa constrictor
Odwala pachilumba cha Madagascar. Itha kukula mpaka 3 mita. Mtundu waukulu wa mamba a zokwawa izi ndi zofiirira. Pali ziwerengero za rhombic pa thupi lake. Nyama ikukwawa kupita kumalo owala ndi dzuwa, thupi lake limasintha mtundu wachitsulo wobiriwira.
Akatswiri a zoologist amasiyanitsa mitundu yaying'ono ya njoka yotere - ku Madagascar boa constrictor. Amakhala tsiku lonse pansi pazitsamba zowirira kapena korona wamatabwa. Nyamayo imayenera kuchoka pamalo ake kukasaka. Nthawi zambiri, imayendetsa nyama pafupi ndi dziwe.
Kandoya kambuya
Njoka iyi njapamwamba pakukwera mitengo. Amakhala pachilumba cha New Guinea. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mtundu uwu wamankhwala suwerengedwa bwino. Mtundu wa munthuyo ndi wopepuka. Pali mitundu yokhotakhota pathupi pake. Ribbed Kandoya amasaka madzulo kapena usiku. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono monga mbewa amakhala nyama yake.
Munda boa
Amakhala m'nkhalango za Venezuela ndi Colombia komwe kumakhala chinyezi chambiri. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa munthu wotere ndi 1.7 mita. Mtundu wa masikelo a m'munda boa constrictor amatha kukhala wakuda, wamchenga, wofiira, wotuwa ndi ena. Zithunzi zosasangalatsa zimawoneka kumbuyo kwake.
Munthuyo amasaka makamaka usiku. Amathera tsikuli m dzenje lamatabwa. Nthawi zambiri, zisa za mbalame zosiyidwa zimakhala malo ogona nyamayi.
Boa wamlomo wosalala
Mavuto aku Jamaica. Boa constrictor wamkazi wamlomo wosalala amatha kukula mpaka mita 2.5. Amuna ndi ocheperako pang'ono, mpaka 2 mita. Thupi la munthu limakutidwa ndi masikelo ofiira ndi akuda. Nthawi zina mawanga achikasu osadziwika amawonekera. Usiku, nyamayi imagwira ntchito kwambiri kuposa usiku. Amakhala ndi moyo wapadziko lapansi. Chakudya chachikulu cha boa constrictor wa milomo yosalala ndi mileme.
Arboreal mascarene boa
Mitundu yosowa kwambiri, yomwe imapezeka ku Round Island. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi mita imodzi ndi theka. Mbali ya mitunduyi ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Mtundu wa mamba a nyama ndi azitona wakuda kapena bulauni. Koma pakhoza kukhala mikwingwirima yoyera pathupi pake. Moyo wawo ndiusiku.
