Tatarstan ili pamphambano ya ma biotopes awiri - nkhalango ndi mabwinja. Onsewa ali ndi 68 ma kilomita lalikulu zikwi. Pafupifupi zipilala zachilengedwe za 140 zalembetsedwa m'derali. Iwo ndi madera ena a Tatarstan ali ndi mitundu 321 ya mbalame.
Izi ndi zomwe zaposachedwa kwambiri kuchokera pakufufuza kwa akatswiri odziwa zamankhwala ochokera ku Academy of Sciences mdziko muno. Asayansi amalankhula za mitundu 328 ya mbalame, koma kupezeka kwa mitundu 7 m'dera la Tatarstan sikunatsimikiziridwe.
Kafukufukuyu akuphatikiza zomwe zapezeka pazaka zopitilira 250 zowerenga za avifauna za dera la Volga-Kama. Mbalame zomwe zili mmenemo zimagawidwa m'magulu 19. Mwa iliyonse, mabanja a mbalame amadziwika. Tiyeni tiwadziwe bwino oimira awo.
Mbalame za Loon ku Tatarstan
Gulu lodzilamulira ku Republic limayimiridwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya banja limodzi la loon. Zonsezi ndizosowa ku Tatarstan. Ma loon ofiira pakhosi ofiira amapezeka makamaka popita. Kubweretsa m'dziko:
Mtsinje wakuda wakuda
Kunja imasiyanitsidwa ndi khosi lakuda, lotambalala ngati mutu wa loon. Mbalameyi imakhalanso ndi mlomo wowongoka komanso wakuthwa ndipo umakhala wonyezimira. Mbalameyi ili ngati kukula kwa tsekwe, ndipo imafikira masentimita 73 m'litali. Amuna ena amalemera 3.4 kilogalamu.
Pali dziwe la Nizhnekamsk. Monga anyani onse, mbalameyi "imamangiriridwa" kumadzi, imakafika kumtunda kokha kuti imakwirako zowalamulira. Kuyenda pansi kumalephereka ndi miyendo yosunthira kumchira. Ndikungoima koteroko penguin pose.
Nyama zazikuluzikulu zimasankha madzi akuluakulu ozizira
Dziko grebe
Detachment akuyimiridwa ndi banja limodzi toadstool. MU mbalame za ku Tatarstan muli mitundu 5. Mmodzi wa iwo:
Chimbudzi chachikulu
Dzina lachiwiri la mbalameyi ndi crested grebe. Kutalika kwake kumafika theka la mita. Zinyalala zina ndizochepa. Mbalameyi ili ndi khosi lalitali komanso lowonda, mlomo wowongoka komanso wowongoka, mutu wotalika. Wotsiriza, wavala diresi laukwati, amakongoletsedwa ndi zotupa zofiirira komanso mutu wopindika. Amapereka mutu waukulu wa toadstool.
Ndi ochepa m'dzikolo, koma anthu amagawidwa kudera lonselo. Chuma chachikulu kwambiri chimawonedwa m'malo osungira madzi a Nizhnekamsk ndi Kuibyshev.
Kuphatikiza pa nyama zazikuluzikulu, Tatarstan imakhala ndi anthu okhala ndi khosi lakuda, okhala ndi makutu ofiyira, atsitsi lakuda komanso ochepa.
Grebe amatchedwa toadstool chifukwa cha kununkhira kosasangalatsa kwa nyama
Ma copopods aku Tatarstan
M'derali, gulu likuyimiridwa ndi mabanja awiri. Ndi za cormorant ndi nkhanu. M'mbuyomu, pali mitundu iwiri ya mbalame, ndipo cormorants ndi amodzi:
Cormorant
Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyo kumafika masentimita 95. Pankhaniyi, kulemera pafupifupi 3 makilogalamu. Kunja, cormorant imasiyanitsidwa ndi nthenga zakuda. Pali chigamba cha lalanje pakhosi lalitali.
Mpaka m'zaka za zana la 19, zinali zofala ku Tatarstan, kumazungulira Volga ndi Kama. Komabe, m'zaka za zana la 21, mitunduyi ndiyosowa kwambiri, yolembedwa mu Red Book of the Republic ndi Russia. Anthu osakwatira amapezeka mumtsinje wa Ushnya komanso kumunsi kwa Kama.
Chiwombankhanga cha pinki
Uyu ndi nthumwi ya banja lanyamayi; imapezeka mdziko ladzikolo pamodzi ndi mitundu yopotana. Pinki amatchulidwa chifukwa cha mtundu wa nthenga. Ali ndi mawu ofatsa. Mbalameyo imafanana ndi tsekwe.
Chosiyana kwambiri ndi mlomo wokhala ndi thumba lachikopa pansi pake. M'mbuyomu, nkhanu imasunga nsomba. Kutalika kwa mlomo kumafika masentimita 47. Uwu ndi mtundu wa zopalira popha nsomba.
Ku Tatarstan, munthu m'modzi yekha wa nkhanu ya pinki adawonedwa. Mbalameyi inali kudyetsa mumtsinje wa Belaya, pafupi ndi kamwa.
Mbalame za dokowe ku Tatarstan
Republic mu detachment mbalame 3 mabanja. Mwa mitundu iwiri, mitundu iwiri imayimilidwa mu Republic. Banja lina m'maiko a Tatarstan lili ndi mayina anayi a mbalame.
Msuzi wachitsamba
Ndi a banja la heron. Mtundu wake ndi kuphatikiza kosiyanitsa pamapiko a phulusa ndi lakuda, mawonekedwe omwewo akuda pamutu. Mlomo ndi miyendo ya mbalameyi ndi yofiira.
Mchere wofiira umapezeka ku Tatarstan pamodzi ndi egret wamkulu, komanso pang'ono ndi zazikulu bitterns. Kwa zaka pafupifupi mazana awiri, mitunduyi ikupezeka paliponse ku republic.
Mkate
Pakati pa adokowe, ndi a m'banja la ibis. Mbalame zonse ndizopakati, akakolo. Mkate ulinso choncho. Mutu, khosi komanso kumtunda kwa mbalameyi ndizofanana ndi mabokosi. Komanso, nthenga zimakhala zofiirira. Pamapiko ake, amatulutsa zobiriwira komanso zamkuwa. Pali kuwala kwachitsulo.
Mbalame za Tatarstan pachithunzichi nthawi zambiri "adabwereka" kuchokera kwa ojambula ochokera kumadera ena. Ng'ombeyo inawulukira m'dziko ladzikolo kawiri kokha. Mlandu womaliza unalembedwa mu 1981. Mitundu yachiwiri ya ibis ku Tatarstan inali, ndipo kamodzi, mu 1989. Ndi za spoonbill.
Mkatewo umatchedwanso ibis wopatulika.
Dokowe woyera
Mbalame zosamukira ku Tatarstan mabanja a adokowe ndi akulu kuposa mbalame zambiri zadzikoli. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame kumapitilira mita. Mapiko a dokowe amapitilira 2 mita. Nthenga zikulemera makilogalamu 4. Khosi la dokowe ndi lolimba poyerekeza ndi mbalame kapena chimeza. Mlomo wowongoka komanso wautali wa mbalameyi, monga miyendo, imakhala yofiira. Thupi la dokowe ndi loyera kupatula nthenga zouluka.
Ku Tatarstan, adokowe adakumana kumadera a Buinsky ndi Chistopolsky. Palinso malo okhalira mazira m'malire ndi Republic, makamaka, ku Ulyanovsk ndi Nizhny Novgorod. Palinso adokowe amodzi ku Tatarstan - akuda.
Mbalame za Flamingo ku Tatarstan
Republic, detachment akuyimiridwa ndi mtundu umodzi - wamba flamingo. Ndi za banja loyaka moto. Maonekedwe a mbalameyo amadziwika ndi aliyense. M'dziko la republic, ma flamingo amakhala mbalame kwambiri. Mbalamezi zimawoneka mosiyana komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Ku Tatarstan, nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha zalembedwa mu Red Book.
Zolemba za Republic
Dongosolo la ma anseriformes ku Tatarstan ndi amodzi, koma mabanja ambiri a bakha. Mwa izi, mitundu 33 imakhala mdziko la Republic. Mwa iwo:
Zolemba wamba
Chachikulu kwambiri pakati pa bakha, chimafika masentimita 58 m'litali. Poterepa, kulemera kwa mbalameyi ndi 1.5 kilogalamu. Akazi amtunduwu ndi abulauni, ndipo amuna ndi akuda ndi nthenga zoyera zoyera komanso malo omwe akuyang'ana. Scooper amakhalanso ndi milomo yolira.
Turpan ndiyosavuta kuzindikira ndi hump pamphuno
Kuphatikiza pa turpan, bakha mbalame za Republic of Tatarstan akuyimiridwa ndi atsekwe wakuda, nkhokwe ndi mabere ofiira ofiira, atsekwe imvi ndi yoyera, tsekwe za nyemba, tsekwe zoyera-kutsogolo, osalala ndi osalankhula, ogare, toadstool ndi mallard.
Barnacle tsekwe
Mndandandandawo mulinso mluzu ndi tiyi, bakha waimvi, mfiti, pintail, mutu wamtali, nyanja, wakuda, wakuda komanso wakuda wamaso oyera.
Bakha chala
Zimatsalira kutchula woyendetsa sitima, gogol wamba, bakha wokhala ndi mutu woyera, njiwa, chisa-eider, wamphongo wautali komanso wophatikizira wamkulu.
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu
Mbalame za Falcon zaku republic
Mbalame zonse za mndandanda - mbalame zodya nyama ku Tatarstan... Pali mitundu 31 yamtunduwu. Awa ndi mabanja atatu. Banja la Skopin likuyimiridwa ndi mtundu umodzi wokha. Ndi:
Osprey
Msana ndi mchira wake ndi zofiirira, ndipo nthenga zonsezo ndi zoyera kupatula mikwingwirima yofiirira yomwe imayenda kuchokera kumaso mpaka m'mbali mwa khosi. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi 2 kilos, ndikufika masentimita 60 m'litali.
Osprey ndi osowa kwambiri ku Tatarstan komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Mbalameyi yatchulidwa mu International Red Book. Ku Tatarstan konse, pafupifupi mapawuni 10 a ospreys adawerengedwa.
Kaiti yakuda
Ndi a banja la nkhamba. Mbalameyi ndi yofiirira kwathunthu. Nthenga zimatsikira kumapazi a miyendo. Sizitali. Thupi la nthenga nalonso ndi laling'ono. Mchira ndi mapiko kumbuyo kwake zimawoneka ngati zazitali kwambiri.
Njovu zakuda ndizofanana ku Tatarstan, zofala. Makamaka zigwa za mitsinje pali mbalame zambiri, mwachitsanzo, m'zigawo za Zakamsky.
Ku Tatarstan, akalulu oyitanitsa khwawa amaphatikizaponso kudya mavu wamba, chithaphwi, nkhalango, dambo ndi zotchingira m'munda, sparrowhawk ndi goshawk, buzzard, buzzard wautali ndi European turik, chiwombankhanga chakuda. Imatsalira kuwonjezera chiwombankhanga cha njoka, khungubwe wamba, chiwombankhanga chofiyira, zoyera-zoyera ndi steppe, ziwombankhanga zazing'ono komanso zazikulu, malo oyikidwa m'manda, mphungu yagolide.
Pachithunzicho, chiwombankhanga cha mphungu
Mphungu ya Griffon
Imayimira banja lachitatu la dongosololi - khwimbi. Mbalameyi imawoneka ngati mbalame yakuda. Kusiyanako ndi mitundu yowala momwe thupi lofiirira ndi mutu woyera umalumikizidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, nthenga ndi yaying'ono komanso yaying'ono kuposa khosi lakuda. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama ya mutu woyera sikupitilira masentimita 115. Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwa mbalameyo kumafika makilogalamu 12.
Misewe ya Griffon - mbalame zodya nyama ku Tatarstanadapezeka posamukira kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa zigawo. Komabe, kuyima kwa mbalame mu republic ndi chizindikiro choipa. Ziwombankhanga zimadya chakudya ndipo zimauluka mzaka zakufa kwa ng'ombe, miliri.
Mbalame za nkhuku ku Tatarstan
Detachment akuyimiridwa ndi mabanja awiri. Pali mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu, koma m'deralo muli 6 chisa zokha. Zitsanzo ndi izi:
Partridge
Mbalame ya banja la grouse imamangidwa mopindika, ndimiyendo yayifupi ndi milomo yayifupi. Mlomo wawerama pang'ono. Mapaziwo ali ndi nthenga, kupulumutsa ku chisanu. Partridge yoyera imakhala m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yovuta. Mtundu wa nthengawo umathandiza kubisala pakatikati pa chisanu.
Poyambira kumpoto, katanga akafika ku Tatarstan posamukira, ndizosowa ku republic. Zinachitika kuti mbalame zinakumana ndi madera a Volga ndi Predkamsk. Black grouse, capercaillie ndi hazel grouse ndizofala ku Tatarstan.
Ziweto za ptarmigan zimakutidwa ndi nthenga, zomwe zimathandiza mbalameyo kupulumuka chisanu
Zinziri
Pamodzi ndi katemera wotuwa, imayimira mbalame za banja la pheasant mdzikolo. Chinziri pakati pa nkhuku ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, chimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 130, ndipo sichidutsa masentimita 20 m'litali.
Zinziri ndi mbalame wamba m'minda ndi m'mapiri a Republic. Oimira ambiri amtunduwu ali kum'mawa kwenikweni kwa dera.
Ma Cranes aku Tatarstan
Pali mabanja atatu mu detachment. Chiwerengero chaching'ono kwambiri ndi cranes. Imayimilidwa ndi mtundu umodzi:
Grane Kireni
Limatsimikizira dzinalo kuti ndi laimvi kwathunthu. M'madera mtunduwo umakhala wakuda, makamaka, nthenga zouluka za mbalameyi. Pamodzi ndi miyendo ndi khosi lalitali, kutalika kwa crane ndi mainchesi 130. Amuna akulu amalemera makilogalamu 7.
Makira akuda - mbalame za Red Book of Tatarstan... Mutha kukumana ndi mbalame m'madambo a nkhalango zosamva, mitsinje yamadzi osefukira. Makamaka, cranes amapezeka m'chigwa cha Volga.
Pogonysh yaying'ono
Pakati pa cranes, ndi ya banja la abusa. Mbalameyi ndi yaying'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi kuli masentimita 20. Komabe, miyendo yayitali yokhala ndi zala zazitali zimawonjezera sikelo. Mapiko a nthenga ndi mchira wake ndi owongoka. Mlomo wa nyama yakufa yaying'ono.
Kocheperako kumasiyananso ndi kuthamangitsa kwina kocheperako. Banjali limaphatikizanso m'busa, crake, moorhen, khola, ndi nkhanu ya khanda.
Wopanda
Zimayimira banja la bustard. Mbalameyi imapezanso zisa ku Tatarstan. Bustard ili ndi miyendo yachikaso, zingerengere zamaso a lalanje ndi mlomo wofanana. Khosi la mbalameyi ndi yakuda komanso yoyera. Mimba ya bulaard yaying'onoyo ndi yopepuka, ndipo nthenga zina zimakhala zofiirira. Mbalameyi ndi yaitali masentimita 44 ndipo imalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi.
Little bustard amapezeka m'mapiri a Tatarstan, koma kawirikawiri. Mitunduyi imadziwika kuti ndi yachilendo.
Makhalidwe apamwamba a Republic
Gulu lalikulu. Pali mabanja 8 ku Republic. Ena, alipo 7. Woyimira avdotkovy avdotka ndizosowa kwambiri m'maiko a derali, ndi mtundu wosamuka. Mabanja ena onse ndi awa:
Gyrfalcon
Kukula kwake ndikofanana ndi kubwereka, koma kuli ndi cholembapo, komanso mutu wa kakang'ono ka nthenga. Pamapeto pake, ndi yayikulu komanso yopanda tuft. Pali zakuda pa nthenga za buluu za mbalameyi.
Kambalame kakang'ono kameneka kamakhala m'mapiri a kumwera kwa Tatarstan. Mbalame zimauluka kumeneko. Republic si malo okhala kwachinyama nthawi zonse.
Wokondedwayo ndi wa wokonda. Kuchokera kubanja ku Tatarstan, kulinso: malesitilanti, plover yaying'ono, taye, chrustan, lapwing, golide plover ndi turnips.
Zolemba
Mwa dongosolo la ma Charadriiformes, amaphatikizidwa ndi banja lojambulidwa. Palibenso oimira ena ku Republic. Dzina la mbalame za ku Tatarstan chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a mlomo. Ili pafupi masentimita 7 kutalika, kochepera komanso kuloza kumapeto kopindika.
Mlomo, monga pamwamba pa mutu, khosi ndi dera lomwe lili pansi pa mapiko a mbalameyi, ndi wakuda. Miyendo yamizere imakhala yakuda buluu, yayitali, ngati khosi. Mchira wa awl ndi waufupi.
Kutalika kwa thupi la awl kumatalika masentimita 45. Kulemera kwake kwa mbalame ndi magalamu 450.
Woyendetsa sitolo
Mitundu yokhayo yamabanja oyster mu republic. Mbalame yokhala ndi khwangwala, ili ndi milomo yaitali, yolimba. Ndi yolunjika, yofiira mtundu. Sandpiper yomweyi ndi yakuda komanso yoyera. Miyendo yamizere yokhala ndi utoto wamlomo, koma yayifupi.
M'mayiko a Tatarstan, oyisita oyendetsa sitimayo anasankha chigawo cha Kamsky. M'zaka za zana la 20, mbalameyi inali yodziwika ku republic, kufalikira. Tsopano kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kukucheperachepera, chomwe chidakhala chifukwa chophatikizira mchenga mu Red Book m'derali.
Woodcock
Mwa ma Charadriiformes, amamuwona ngati membala wa banja lokhalokha. Woodcock ndi yayikulu, yomangidwa mopindika, ili ndi milomo yowongoka, yayitali komanso yamphamvu. Mtundu wa mbalameyi ndi motley mumayendedwe ofiira ofiira. Pa phiko lirilonse la nyama pali nthenga imodzi yojambula. Ojambula ajambula mizere yopyapyala monga chonchi. Nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa pazithunzi, zikwama za ndudu, ndi mabasiketi.
Nthenga zokongola za nkhono ndi mphonje. Kutalika kwake sikupitilira 2 sentimita. Mpheroyo imakhala yakuthwa. Ndi kwa iwo omwe amajambula.
Woodcock ndimomwe amakhala m'madambo a Tatarstan
Kuphatikiza pa tchire lofala komanso lofala ku Tatarstan, zokolola zina zimapezeka m'derali. Pali 27. Zitsanzo ndi izi: moni wamkulu ndi wocheperako, zikuluzikulu zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zopingasa zazikulu, matope, ma Iceland ndi ma sandpipers, dunlin. Ambiri aiwo ali mdziko la Republic.
Steppe tirkushka
Woimira yekha wa banja Tirkushev mu Republic. Mbalameyi imawoneka ngati dambo tirkushka, koma m'malo mobisa mabokosi, imakhala ndi yakuda komanso yokulirapo. Kulemera kwa amuna kumafika magalamu 105. Palibe mzere woyera ngakhale m'mphepete mwa mapiko a steppe.
Ku Tatarstan, steppe tirkushka amadziwika kuti ndi mbalame yosowa kwambiri. Mbalameyi idawonedwa komaliza kumapeto kwa zaka za zana m'chigawo cha Verkhne-Uslonsky.
Skua yachidule
Mwa dongosolo la ma Charadriiformes, ndi banja la skuas. Mfupi-mmenemo ndizofala kwambiri. Kukula kwa mbalame ndikukula kwa kanyama kena. Maonekedwe ake, nthenga zachipsepse za mchira zimawonekera, kutuluka mopyola m'mphepete mwake. Kutulutsa kumafika masentimita 14.
Kuphatikiza pa zazifupi, ku Tatarstan, kuli skua wamba. Ili ndi mlomo wopindika kwambiri komanso mutu wokulirapo. Mitunduyi imapezeka kawirikawiri ku republic, vagrant.
Kum'mawa kwa Cludge
Banja lamphongo. Mbalameyi imakhala yakuda. Poyerekeza ndi Herring Gull, mtunduwo ndi wakuda, ndipo ukayerekezeredwa ndi Husky wamba, ndi wopepuka. Kutalika kwa nyama kulinso pafupifupi, kufikira masentimita 48. Kulemera kwa chifuwa chakummawa kumachokera pa magalamu 750-1350.
Eastern Cludge imagawidwa m'mayiwewe onse, malo osungira, mitsinje ndi nyanja za Tatarstan, zomwe sizinganenedwe zazinyama zina zambiri m'chigawochi: mitu yakuda, yaying'ono ndi herring, nkhunda yam'madzi, glaucous gull. Pali mabanja 16 m'derali.
Mbalame zonga nkhunda zaku Republic
Kuyimiridwa ndi mabanja awiri. Mitundu yonse ya zamoyo zomwe zimapezeka ku Tatarstan ndi 6. Mwa iwo:
Saja
Imayimira banja la grouse. Palibenso mbalame zina zowerengedwa kuderalo. Saji yatambasula nthenga zapakati. Ndizopindika pang'ono, zopachikika pansi ngati ulusi. Palibe chala chakumbuyo chamiyendo ya nyama, ndipo zala zakumaso zimaphatikizidwa pang'ono.
Zikhadabo zake zazikulu ndi zotuluka zili ngati ziboda. Kuphatikiza apo, miyendo ya saji ndi nthenga zonse. Zikuwoneka kuti mukuyang'ana khasu la kalulu, osati mbalame.
Saja sanawoneke ku Tatarstan kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka zapitazo.
Nkhunda
Zimayimira banja la njiwa. Mitunduyi ndi yochuluka kwambiri pakati pawo. Mitundu ya nkhunda yakunyumba komanso yopanda tchire imapezeka m'maiko a Republic.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu ya imvi, mdziko la republic mumakhala nkhunda monga: nkhunda zazikulu, zofala komanso zokutira, nkhunda zamatabwa, klintukh.
Mbalame za Cuckoo za m'derali
Detachment mu Republic akuimira banja limodzi ndi mitundu iwiri ya mbalame. Mmodzi wa iwo:
Cuckoo wamba
Ndi a banja la cuckoo.Mbalameyi ili ndi mchira waufupi komanso mapiko opapatiza. Pamwamba pa thupi la chikuku nthawi zambiri imvi. Komabe, nthawi zina mbalame zofiira zimapezeka.
Kuphatikiza pa wamba, nkhono zogontha zimapezeka kumaiko a Tatarstan. Amalitchula chifukwa cha mawu osokonekera. Ngakhale nthenga ndi yocheperako kuposa wamba.
Kadzidzi ku Tatarstan
Gulu lachigawochi limayimiriridwa ndi banja limodzi lalikulu la akadzidzi. Mwa mitundu yake:
Kadzidzi wa mchira wautali
Ichi ndi kadzidzi kukula kwa nkhuku. Diski yamaso imawonetsedwa pamutu waukulu komanso womaliza. Amadziwika ndi mbalame ndi mchira wautali. Nyama yotsalayo imawoneka ngati kadzidzi kakang'ono kakang'ono kwambiri. Momwemo, kamvekedwe kofiirira ka nthenga kamadziwika kwambiri kuposa momwe amachitira mchira wautali.
Banja la akadzidzi m'derali likuyimiridwanso ndi: akadzidzi aimvi ndi imvi, opindika m'makutu, oyera, achizungu ndi akadzidzi, kadzidzi wa kadzidzi, kadzidzi wa mphungu, waubweya, kadzidzi wanyumba ndi wopita. Onsewo - mbalame zamtchire ku Tatarstan.
Mbalame zonga mbuzi zaku Republic
Ku Tatarstan, gulu limayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yokhayo yamtundu wa mbuzi. Ndi:
Nightjar wamba
Ili ndi mapiko aatali ndi mchira. Koma miyendo ndi mlomo wa nthenga ndi zazifupi. Mutu wa nightjar ndiwophwatalala, ngati siskin. Nsonga ya mlomo wa mbalameyi ndi yokhotakhota pansi, ndipo pakamwa pake pali ponseponse ndipo pamutu pake pali nduwira ngati nthenga. Nightjar imakhalanso ndi maso akulu, obiriwira obiriwira.
Kwa zaka mazana awiri za kafukufuku wamatsenga, usiku wamba wamba unali wofala ku Tatarstan. Pofika zaka za zana la 21, mitunduyi idatsika kwambiri. Mbalameyi imaphatikizidwa mu Red Book of the Republic.
Mbalame zothamanga ku Tatarstan
M'maderawa, gulu limayimiriridwa ndi mtundu umodzi wamabanja ofulumira ndipo ndi awa:
Wothamanga wakuda
Woimira yekhayo m'banja loseta mu Republic. Mbalameyi, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, ndi yakuda. Kukula kwa wotchera ndikokulirapo kuposa namzeze ndipo sagwiritsa ntchito, popeza, pothawa, amaponya mwamphamvu, ndikumanganso.
Ku Tatarstan, othamanga wakuda ndi ambiri. Udindowu ndiwofunikira pakuwona kwa zaka mazana awiri zamitundu ku Republic.
Wodzigudubuza
Ndizofanana ndi kukula kwa jay. Mbalameyi ndi ya banja la Roller. Oimira ake ku Tatarstan kulibenso. Wodzigudubuza ndi wolimba. Mbalameyi ili ndi mutu waukulu komanso mlomo waukulu komanso wamphamvu. Mchira ndi wamfupi kuposa uja wa jay, ndipo mapiko ake ndi ataliatali. Mtundu wodzigudubuza umaphatikiza mabokosi, wakuda, wabuluu, ndi wabuluu.
Tatarstan ndi malire akumpoto a odzigudubuzawo. Amakhala m'dera la nkhalango kumwera kwa Republic.
Mfuti wamba
Ndi za ma kingfisher. Mbalameyi ili ndi thupi lophatana, mutu waukulu, mlomo wakuthwa komanso wautali. Chithunzicho chimakwaniritsidwa ndi nthenga za malalanje-turquoise.
Chinsomba cha Common Kingfisher chimapezeka ku Tatarstan konse, koma mtundu wake ndi wocheperako.
Kingfisher wokonda nsomba pang'ono
Wodya njuchi wagolide
Malinga ndi Swift-ngati, imayimira banja lomwe limadya njuchi. Nthenga imakhala ndi matupi otalika komanso utoto wowoneka bwino. Chotsatirachi chimaphatikiza zachikaso, zobiriwira, lalanje, buluu, zakuda, mitundu ya njerwa.
Wodya njuchi wagolide amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 50. Ku Tatarstan, mbalameyi imawuluka, nthawi zina imakhala zisa.
Mbalame za Woodpecker ku republic
Gulu likuyimiridwa ndi banja limodzi la nkhalango. M'derali, mumaphatikizapo mitundu 8 ya mbalame, kuphatikizapo:
Woponda nkhuni wocheperako
Wosema mitengo wocheperako ku Europe. Mbalameyi imalemera kuposa magalamu 25. Nthenga za kachingwe kakang'ono ndizakuda ndi zoyera ndi mizere yopingasa kumbuyo kwa mbalameyo.
Odula mitengo ang'onoang'ono amayendayenda kudera la Tatarstan, momwe zimakhalira m'derali, komanso zisa kumeneko chaka chilichonse. Mitundu ya nthenga nthawi zambiri imawulukira m'mizinda, ndikusankha madera okhala mitengo.
Kuphatikiza pa wopalasa nthenga wocheperako, derali limaphatikizaponso: tsitsi laimvi, lobiriwira, losiyanasiyana, loyera loyera komanso zala zitatu zala, nkhwangwa zachikaso, ndi khosi loyenda.
Mbalame zodutsa ku Tatarstan
Dongosolo lambiri m'derali limayimiriridwa ndi mabanja 21 ndi mitundu 113 ya mbalame. Nazi zitsanzo:
Nyuzi
Zimayimira banja lakumeza. Ngalande yakuda kumbuyo ndi zidutswa zoyera pansi pa thupi. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi magalamu 20 ndipo imawuluka mosatembenuka kwenikweni, mwachitsanzo, m'khola. Komanso zisa m'derali.
Mitundu ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndiyonso ya nyerere ku Tatarstan. Ndiwambiri mdziko lonse lapansi.
Khungwa la nkhuni
Iyi ndi mbalame ya banja lark. Wokhala ndi nthenga zazikulu ngati mpheta komanso wojambulidwa ndi mawu abulauni. Pamutu pa nyama, nthenga zimatuluka, ndikupanga khungu. Ichi ndi gawo la ma lark onse. Amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nkhalango zimasiyana mchira wofupikitsa.
Ku Tatarstan, khungwa la nkhalango limapezeka m'zigwa za Volga ndi Kama. Mitundu yosawerengeka, yophatikizidwa ndi Red Book of the Republic.
Mwa lark m'derali, mulinso: ziphuphu zakuda, zakuda, zoyera-mapiko ndi nyanga.
Chikopa chachikaso
Imayimira banja la wagtail. Mbalameyi imafanana ndi ngolo yoyera, koma ndi mchira wofupikitsa. Mitundu yoyera sikukhala ku Tatarstan. Ngolo yachikaso imapezeka m'derali; imamanga zisa chaka chilichonse.
Pakati pa mbalame za ku Tatarstan palinso: nkhalango, mawanga, dambo, mapiko ofiyira ofiira komanso mapaipi am'munda, okhala ndi mitu yakuda, akutsogolo kwachikaso, mapiri, zoyera zoyera komanso zachikaso.
Chovala choyera
Kufalikira wamba
Amatanthauza shrikes. Mutu wa nthengawo, titero kunena kwake, wopanikizika kuchokera mbali, mchira wautali, wopindidwa ndi yoyera, yofiira, yakuda, yabulauni ndi imvi.
Pa shrike, yomwe pali mitundu itatu mdziko la republic, wamba ndiofala kwambiri komanso ambiri.
M'busa
Pamodzi ndi nyenyezi yodziwika bwino, imayimira banja lokhala ndi nyenyezi ku Tatarstan. Maonekedwe apinki amasiyana ndi mulingo wa mulomo wake wamfupi komanso kukula kwake. Thupi la mbalameyi ndi la pinki wachikuda, mutu, chifuwa ndi mapiko akuda komanso ofiyira. Crest pamutu wa nyenyezi ndi yofanana.
Ku Tatarstan, nyenyezi zapinki ndizosowa kwambiri, zikuuluka. Monga mwalamulo, mbalame zimauluka kuti zipindule ndi dzombe pazaka zomwe zidawukira kwambiri mmaiko a Republic.
Jackdaw
Jackdaw ndi yakuda yakuda ndi mutu wamvi, wopindidwa kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 34 kutalika. Mbalameyi sikulemera kupitirira magalamu 20 ndipo ndi banja la ma corvids.
Jackdaw ndichofala ku Tatarstan. Mbalame zina zimakhala m'derali m'nyengo yozizira. Ma jackdaw ena amawuluka nyengo yozizira kumadera ofunda.
Pali mitundu 9 ya ma corvids m'derali. Kuphatikiza pa jackdaws, awa ndi: akhwangwala otuwa ndi akuda, rook, khwangwala, magpie, nutcracker, jay ndi cuckoo.
Masewera a Nightingale
Kukula kwa mbalameyi kumayandikira kwenikweni kwa kricket, kolemera pafupifupi magalamu 11. Kutalika kwa nthenga kumakhala masentimita 14. Kumbuyo kwa kanyumba kumakhala kofiira, ndipo kumunsi kwa thupi kuli beige.
Masewera a Nightingale - mbalame za nyimbo ku Tatarstan... Nthenga yomwe ili ndi nthenga ikulira, koma imamveka yofewa.
Cricking ya nightingale motsatira dongosolo la odutsa ndi nthumwi ya banja la warbler. Kuchokera kumeneko palinso: mitsinje, ma crickets owoneka bwino komanso wamba, Indian, m'madzi, dimba, chithaphwi, bango, mbalame zakuda ndi badger warbler, ma warbler angapo ndi ma warbler.
Wowuluka pang'ono
Oimira mitunduyo ali m'gulu la osowa mbalame. Mbalame zazing'ono ndizocheperako kuposa mamembala ena am'banja. Mbalamezi ndizophatikizana, zokhala ndi milomo yayifupi. Mapiko ndi mchira wa kambalame kakang'ono kameneka nawonso ndi aafupi. Nyamayi ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu kuposa mpheta.
Ziweto zing'onozing'ono zisagona m'dera la Trans-Kama ndi Volga ku Tatarstan, zimawerengedwa kuti ndizofala, mitundu yambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa chowuluka chaching'ono, choyera, choyera komanso chokhala ndi khosi loyera mderali.
Chida chamutu wakuda
Mwa dongosolo la mbalame zodutsa, zikuyimira banja la tit. Chida chimalemera magalamu 10. Mbalameyi ndi yamdima kwathunthu, koma mutu wake ndi wakuda, ndipo mtundu wa bere ndi malankhulidwe angapo opepuka kuposa mtundu wakumbuyo. Izi zimasiyanitsa mtedza ndi ufa. Palibe malire omveka pakati pa utoto wakumtunda ndi pansi pa thupi.
Mtedza wamutu wakuda ndi mtundu wokhazikika wa mbalame womwe umakhala ku Tatarstan chaka chonse. M'madera akum'mawa a derali, mbalame ndizosowa, pomwe zina ndizochuluka.
Ku Tatarstan, sikuti ndi Russia yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbalame iliyonse ili ndi dzina la Chitata. Mwachitsanzo, Goose amatchedwa kaz. Berkut mu Chitata ndi berkert, ndipo rook ndi kara karga. Swans m'derali amatchedwa Akkoshes. Kadzidzi mu Chitata ndi Yabolak.
