Chilengedwe chimalemera m'njira zonse ziwiri ndi zophophonya. Wopepuka wamba yemwe waiwala maphunziro a sukulu mu geography ndi zoology, funso loseketsa: chifukwa zimbalangondo zakumtunda sizimadya ma penguin, - zitha kusokoneza. Kodi chilombo sichitha kugwira nyama? Mbalame zosasangalatsa?
Achinyamata okonda nyama, amakulira pamakanema ndi makanema pa intaneti, pomwe nyama monga nyama zimayimba, kuvina, kusewera, mosaganizira kuti zimbalangondo sizidya ma penguin, chifukwa ndi abwenzi. Kodi ungadye bwanji bwenzi?
Zikuwoneka kuti pali zambiri zodziwika bwino zokhudzana ndi nzika zodziwika bwino zanyengo zanyengo. Chinsinsi chake chifukwa chimbalangondo chakumtunda sichidya ma penguin chodabwitsa chifukwa mutha kukumbukira mawonekedwe amomwe munthu amakhalira komanso malo okhala nyama iliyonse. Amayenera kutero.
Chimbalangondo chakumtunda
Chimbalangondo cha m'nyanja (polar) ndi chimodzi mwazoyimira zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, chachiwiri kukula kwa njovu pakati pa anthu okhala kumtunda komanso chinsomba padziko lapansi. Kutalika kwa chilombocho ndi pafupifupi mamita 3, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 130-150, misa imafika tani 1.
Sikuti aliyense amadziwa tsatanetsatane wosangalatsa - khungu la chimbalangondo chakuda limapangidwa utoto wakuda. Izi zimathandiza kutentha padzuwa mu chisanu chowawa. Chovala chaubweya chimakhala chopanda utoto, nthawi zina chimakhala chachikaso ndi kuwala kowala.
Kapangidwe kaubweya waubweya ndikuti amangotulutsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, potero kumapereka mawonekedwe otentha aubweya. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, chimbalangondo chimatha kukhala chobiriwira m'malo osungira nthawi yotentha - ndere zazing'ono kwambiri zimawoneka mkati mwaubweya waubweya.
Chimbalangondo cha kumalo ozizira chimakhala kumadera akutali, kumadera a zipululu za arctic, zigawo za tundra kokha kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Earth.
Zisindikizo zolumikizidwa, ma walrusi, zisindikizo, zisindikizo za ndevu ndi nyama zina zimakhala nyama yolusa yamphamvu. Chimbalangondo chimasaka paliponse: pamapiri achisanu, m'madzi, pachimake chakuya cha nyanja. Kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima komanso kulimba mtima kumamulola kuti azisodza, ngakhale sizipambana pazakudya zake.
Amakonda kusankha chakudya: amakonda khungu ndi mafuta mu nyama zazikulu, zotsalazo - kudyetsa mbalame ndi owononga. Amadya zipatso, moss, mazira ndi zisa.
M'masinthidwe anyengo zitha kukhala zovuta kuti chimbalangondo chikapeze "zakudya zabwino", kenako nyama zakutchire zimawoneka pazakudya - nswala, atsekwe, mandimu. Malo ogulitsa ndi zinyalala amathanso kukopa zimbalangondo pamene ali ndi njala kwambiri.
Kusamuka kwakanthawi kumadalira malire a madzi oundana - m'nyengo yozizira, zolusa zimalowa kumtunda, ndipo nthawi yotentha zimabwerera kumtengo. Ku Arctic, mafuta osanjikiza pakhungu, omwe makulidwe ake ndi 10-12 cm, amapulumutsa chimbalangondo ku chisanu choopsa ndi mphepo yozizira kwambiri.
Arctic ndi Antarctic, Antarctica
Nthawi zambiri, ana asukulu ndi akulu omwe amasokoneza mikhalidwe imeneyi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina lakuti Arctic, lomasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, limatanthauza "chimbalangondo". Chinsinsi chimakhala komwe kuli gawo lomwe lili pansi pa magulu a nyenyezi a Ursa Major ndi Ursa Minor, malo odziwika bwino a North Pole Star. Nyanja ya Arctic imagwirizanitsa gombe la Nyanja ya Arctic ndi zilumba, gawo lina la Asia, America, ndi Europe. Dziko la chimbalangondo lili pafupi ndi mzati wakumpoto.
Antarctica kwenikweni amatanthauza "moyang'anizana ndi Arctic". Ili ndi gawo lalikulu m'chigawo chakumwera chakum'mwera, komwe kumaphatikizapo mainland Antarctica, madera am'mbali mwa nyanja okhala ndi zilumba zam'nyanja zitatu: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian. Nyengo m'malo a Antarctic ndiyovuta kwambiri. Kutentha kwapakati ndikotsika 49 ° С.
Ngati tingaganize kuti zimbalangondo zakumtunda zikadasunthira kumtanda wina wapadziko lapansi, ndiye kuti tsoka lawo likadakhala losavomerezeka. Ndizosatheka kukhala ndi moyo kuzizira lotsika kwambiri, pomwe kusaka kokonda kwambiri kwa zimbalangondo pafupi ndi dzenje la ayezi kumachotsedwa. Kukula kwa madzi oundana ku Antarctica ndi mamitala mazana, ku Arctic - pafupifupi mita imodzi.
Nyama zakummwera kwa Pole sizimasinthidwa kuti zizikhala pafupi ndi chilombo chachikulu. Mitundu yambiri idzawonongedweratu. Mwa oyamba okhala ndi chiwonongeko chotere ndi ma penguin omwe amakhala m'malo a Antarctic.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa nyama ku South Pole ndi kolemera kuposa madera akumpoto. Kuletsa kusaka, kusodza ndi zochitika zilizonse zachuma kwayambitsidwa pano.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, Antarctica sindiye boma lililonse, mosiyana ndi Arctic, logawanika pakati pa Norway, Denmark, United States, Canada ndi Russia. Zitha kuganiziridwa kuti South Pole ndi "ufumu" wa anyani, kusiyanasiyana komwe kumayimiriridwa kwathunthu.
Anyani
Malo okhala mbalame zopanda ndege ndi gombe la Antarctica, dera lakumwera kwenikweni kwa Dziko Lapansi, lomwe lili ndi ayezi wamkulu, zisumbu. Zolengedwa zokongola zachilengedwe zimasambira mokongola, masomphenya amakhala akuthwa pansi pamadzi kuposa pamtunda, ndipo mapikowo amawoneka kuti amasandulika.
Pakusambira, amasinthasintha ngati zomangira, chifukwa chamalumikizidwe amapewa. Kuthamanga kwa osambira kuli pafupifupi 10 km / h. Kuyenda pansi pamadzi kwamamita mazana angapo kumatenga mphindi 18. Amatha kudumpha pamwamba ngati ma dolphin. Kutha kumeneku nthawi zina kumapulumutsa miyoyo yawo.
Pamtunda, ma penguin amayenda, amayenda bwino pamimba atakankhidwa ndi mapiko awo ndi miyendo - amatsetsereka pamwamba pamadzi oundana.
Magawo atatu a nthenga zopanda madzi komanso mpweya pakati pawo amateteza mbalame ku chimfine. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta osanjikiza atatu masentimita amatetezanso ku chisanu.
Zakudya za penguin zimayang'aniridwa ndi nsomba: sardines, anchovies, horse mackerel. Kufunika kwa chakudya choyenera kumawapangitsa kuti azimira pansi pamadzi nthawi zonse. Masana, kusambira kosaka kumachitika kuyambira 300 mpaka 900.
Mbalame zili ndi adani okwanira pansi pa nyanja komanso pamwamba pa madzi oundana osatha. Ngati pansi pamadzi ma penguin amathawa ngakhale kuchokera ku nsomba, ndiye kuti pamtunda zimakhala zovuta kuti athawe nkhandwe, mimbulu, afisi, ndi nyama zina zolusa.
Zowononga zambiri zimalota kudya ma penguin, koma palibe zimbalangondo zakumtunda pamndandanda. Iwo sangakhoze basi kuchita izo. Nyama zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtunda waukulu pakati pama hemispheres osiyanasiyana a Dziko Lapansi - ndiye chifukwa chimbalangondo chakumpoto sichidya ma penguin.
Chilengedwe sichimakumana ndi mbalame ndi ambuye amphamvu azipululu zachisanu. Amatha kumangoyang'ana kumalo osungira nyama, koma osati nyama zamtchire.
Zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndikubweretsa zimbalangondo ndi ma penguin palimodzi
Ice losatha, madzi oundana, chipale chofewa, chisanu cholimba cha madera akumadzulo zimagwirizana m'maganizo a anthu nyama zodabwitsa zomwe zimatha kukhala m'dziko lokongolali komanso lankhanza. Palibe amene amadabwitsidwa pomwe m'makatuni, zojambula m'mabuku a ana, zimbalangondo zakutchire ndi ma penguin zikuwonetsedwa limodzi m'mapiri okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Amasunga kutentha ndi mphamvu ya moyo m'malo opanda phokoso komanso opanda malire.
Palibe amene amadziwa momwe ubale wawo ukadakhalira ngati akadakhala m'dera lomwelo. Koma pakadali pano, zimbalangondo zakumtunda zimalamulira kokha kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, ndipo ma penguin, motsatana, makamaka kumwera. Ndizodabwitsa bwanji kuti zimbalangondo zakumtunda sizidya ma penguin!
