Ngati mumakonda kuswana nsomba kunyumba, ndiye kuti oimira banja la "cichlid" akhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri. Ili ndi ma subspecies opitilira 100, mwina owoneka bwino kwambiri komanso osadzichepetsa, iyi cichlazomasoma.
Pachithunzichi, utawaleza cichlazoma
Kuswana nsomba zam'madzi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri. Kwa iwo amene amakonda mtendere ndi kupumula, zomwe mukufuna. Kuyang'ana nsomba kumatonthoza, kumasula, ndikupatsa mphamvu. Ndi banja la cichlid lomwe latsimikizira kuchokera kumbali yabwino. Sakhala achisawawa m'manja mwawo, samadwala kawirikawiri, ndi ochezeka.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a cichlazoma
Cichlazoma - subspecies ya nsomba zochokera kubanja "cichlids" (ray-finned), ali mgulu la "onga ngati" Pakati pawo, mitunduyo imasiyana kukula, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe amthupi. MU kufotokoza kwa cichlazoma ayenera kudziwika kuti "operewera". Ambiri aiwo atsala pang'ono kutha.
Mu chithunzi cichlazoma Barton
M'malo okhala vivo nsomba ya cichlazoma ikuyambira kumadama a United States mpaka mitsinje ya Brazil. Nsombayo imasiyanitsidwa ndi thanzi labwino pakati pa abale ake. Ili ndi chipolopolo cholimba, motero mabakiteriya owopsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sapezeka pansi pa khungu.
Cichlazoma ndiye, mnofu wolimba, thupi limakulitsidwa, mbali zake zimakhala zosalala. Mutu wambiri umakhala ndi pakamwa lalikulu, maso akutuluka komanso malo otseguka. Khungu limasinthidwa msanga ndikubwezeretsanso, mabala ndi mabala amachiritsidwa mwachangu.
Chikondi cham'madzi cichlase nsomba kukula kwakukulu, mitundu yowala ndi mizere mthupi, mawonekedwe osangalatsa ndi chisamaliro chochepa. Komanso, nsombazi ndizanzeru ndipo zili ndi nzeru zina.
Zofunikira posamalira ndi kusamalira cichlazoma
M'chilengedwe cichlazomasoma khalani ndi moyo wophatikizika, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusamalira okhutira aquarium yosiyana, kapena magawo mu chidebe. Mutha kuyika ma peyala 2-3 amtundu womwewo mumtsuko umodzi.
Mu chithunzi cichlazoma severum
Izi zimayika mazira pamiyala. Awiriwa ali ndi chikhalidwe chanzeru cha makolo, chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chowavutitsa makamaka podikirira mwana. Mkati mwa aquarium kapena thanki adapangidwa kuti azitsanzira zachilengedwe za mitsinje ndi malo osungira.
Mutu wankhani "m'mphepete mwa miyala" ndioyenera dongosolo. Ndikofunikira kuti pali miyala yambiri, zopinga, malo ogona, zikopa zam'madzi ndi zina zotero. Nsombazo zimakonda kubisala m'malo obisika.
Zomera mkati mwa dziwe zimatha kubzalidwa, koma aquarium cichlazoma nthawi zambiri amakumba zamoyo ndikuzidya. Amakonda algae omwe ali ndi masamba olimba komanso mizu yolimba kapena malo obiriwira. Kutentha kwamadzi kokwanira ndi + 20 ... 28 ° С.
Pachithunzichi cichlazoma Salvini
Makamaka amaperekedwa ku acidity ndi kuuma kwa madzi. Ayenera kukhala osiyanasiyana pH 6.8-8.0 ndi dH 8-30 °. Kuunikira kumayikidwa pafupipafupi, ndizosatheka kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kugwe, ayenera kumwazikana.
Pakubala, awiriawiri omwe adapangidwa amakhala mochititsa chidwi kwambiri, izi sizingawoneke pavidiyo yokha komanso chithunzi cichlase... Amathera nthawi yawo yonse yaulere kufunafuna malo oti ayikire mazira.
Wosamalira m'madzi amatha kuzindikira awiriwo ndipo ayenera kusamutsidwa pakaswana. Ngati mulibe miyala, ndiye kuti nsomba imaikira mazira pansi pomwepo.
Chakudya cha Cichlazoma
Nsombazo zilibe zokonda zapadera, ndizopatsa chidwi. Ndi chikhalidwe chawo, cichlids ndi nyama zolusa, chifukwa chake amakonda kudyetsa nyama. Izi zikusonyeza kuti cichlazoma sayenera kusungidwa pamodzi ndi nsomba zazing'ono, makamaka zochokera m'mabanja ena.
Pachithunzicho cichlazoma Flower Horn
Pofuna kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, nsomba zimadyetsedwa zakudya zopangidwa kuchokera kuzomera. Zakudya zapadera monga pellets youma, nsomba, ma flakes, zakudya zamasamba ndi ma minworm angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zomwe zimadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse ziyenera kukhala ndi: 70% ya chakudya cha protein ndi 30% masamba. Kuphatikiza pa magawo, mutha kuperekanso zosakaniza (nyama yosungunuka) kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa ndi manja anu: nyama ya nkhuku, nsomba, zowonjezera zitsamba.
Mitundu ya Cichlaz
Okonda nsomba zam'madzi a aquarium adziwa mitundu yosangalatsa komanso yoyambirira ya cichlaz.
* Tsichlazoma "yamizeremizere" - nsomba iyi ndiyodekha kwambiri pakati pa ma cichlids onse. Amawonekera nthawi zambiri m'madzi ambiri. Ili ndi thupi laling'ono, mtundu woyengeka, mikwingwirima yakuda yopingasa yokhazikitsidwa mwakuthupi. Sizingakhale zankhanza, kokha panthawi yobereka zimatha kuwonetsa nkhawa yayikulu.
Pachithunzicho, cichlazoma kapena mbidzi yakuda
* Tsikhlazoma "diamondi"- nsomba yochokera kubanja la cichlid, imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Woimira wamkulu, ali ndi mtundu wokongola, wosayerekezeka. Mawanga a siliva amatenga thupi lonse, amakhala m'malire ndi mzere wakuda, ndikupatsa kukongola kwapadera.
* Tsichlazoma "Eliot"- nsomba yapakatikati, amakhala m'mitsinje yoyera ya Guatemala ndi Mexico. Thupi limajambulidwa ndi mtundu wonyezimira wa mandimu; mikwingwirima ya mthunzi wina ukuyenda mozungulira gawo la mbaliyo. Njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira kutentha ndi + 25 ... 28 ° С.
Mu chithunzi cha cichlazoma cha Eliot
* Tsikhlazoma "Managuan" - imodzi mwa cichlids yayikulu kwambiri komanso yamphamvu kwambiri, imafikira kukula kwa masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Chifukwa cha utoto wake wachilendo umatchedwa "jaguar", duwa lomwe limawoneka limapatsa kukongola kwa nsomba, komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Amasungidwa m'madzi akuluakulu okha.
Pachithunzicho cichlazoma managuan
* Tsichlazoma "meeka" - nsomba yapakatikati, mpaka masentimita 13-15. Mbali yakumtunda ya thupi imakhala yojambulidwa mumthunzi wa silvery. Amuna ali ndi mawanga ofiira pamimba ndi kumunsi kwamutu, ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Amakhala odekha momwe angafunire, ngati kuli kotheka, agonjetse gawo mwachangu.
Mu chithunzi cha cichlazoma ya Meek
* Tsikhlazoma "severum" Ndi woimira wowala komanso wowoneka bwino wa cichlids. Kukula kwa thupi kumakhala kochepa komanso kochepa, pafupifupi masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Kapangidwe ka thupi lonse ndi kokongola komanso kogwirizana, nthawi yomweyo kumakopa diso. Subpecies adadziwika ndi dzina loti nsombazo zidapezeka kumadera akumpoto. Zimasiyanasiyana makamaka mwazovuta zomwe zili mgulu. Ndi katswiri wamadzi yekha yemwe amatha kusunga gulu lanyanja yayikulu kwambiri komanso kugawa nsomba moyenera.
Pachithunzicho, cichlazoma ya citron
* Tsikhlazom "Sedzhika" - nsomba yochokera ku mtundu wa cichlids, imakhala ndi kukula kwa masentimita 10-12. Amtendere kwambiri komanso amanyazi pakati pa abale awo. Thupi ndi lofiirira, zipsepse ndi zachikasu, pali mikwingwirima yopingasa mbali.
* Tsichlazoma "flamingo" - woimira cichlids ang'onoang'ono 8-15cm. Nsombazo ndizosangalatsa mtundu wake. Chofunika kwambiri ndi pinki, pali mitundu yojambulidwa ndi mitundu yotumbululuka kapena yodzaza. Amuna amakhala ochuluka kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa akazi, gawo lawo lakumaso ndi lamphamvu. Ma subspecies okha omwe amatha kudzitama ndi mtendere.
Pachithunzicho cichlazoma flamingo
* "Utawaleza" wa Tsichlazoma - nthumwi yayikulu ya cichlids, yofikira masentimita 20. Ili ndi thupi lokhalitsa, mbali zowoneka bwino ndizofewa. Mutu waukulu, wokhala ndi pakamwa patali ndi maso otupa. Mtundu umalamulidwa ndimayendedwe achikaso, obiriwira komanso ofiira. Mawanga okhala ndi mithunzi yambiri amabalalika mthupi lonse. Mchira ndi zipsepse zimakhala zakuda.
* "Njuchi" ya Tsichlazoma - nsomba ya sing'anga kukula (8-10 cm), kwawo ndi mtsinje wa Rio Negro ndi Amazon. Subpecies ndiosangalatsa mtundu wake wosazolowereka - wakuda wokhala ndi kusefukira kowala kwamtambo. Izi ndichifukwa choti pamlingo uliwonse wakuda pali chidutswa chabuluu chomwe chimapanga "galasi".
Mu chithunzi njuchi ya cichlazoma
* Tsichlazoma "Nicaragua" - sikilidi wamkulu (mpaka 20 cm). Ali ndi thupi losazolowereka, mutu wake umakhala wotsekemera, kamwa yake ndiyotsika kwambiri. Mtundu wa nsombayo ndiwosangalatsa: thupi silvery, mutu wake ndi wabuluu, ndipo pamimba pamakhala utoto wofiirira. Zomwe zilipo sizongopeka, mwamtendere.
Kugwirizana kwa Cichlazoma ndi nsomba zina
Sizingatheke kunena zazing'ono zonse za cichlids potengera malo oyandikana nawo. Popeza cichlazoma ndi nsomba yodya nyama, nkhanza mwachibadwa zimakhalamo. Ndi gawo, makamaka nthawi yopanga. Cichlazoma ikuphatikizidwa ndi nsomba zina, zokulirapo, zazing'ono, zimangotenga.
Mu chithunzi cichlazoma labiatum
Ngati mungasunge ma subspecies angapo mu aquarium imodzi, ndiye kuti mphamvuyo iyenera kukhala yayikulu (kuposa malita 400). Mkati, mothandizidwa ndi miyala, mutha kupanga zotchinga, zidzakhala gawo lachigawo. Njira zotere sizigwira ntchito kwa ma subspecies onse, koma kwa ma cichlids ambiri, inde.
Kubereka ndi machitidwe ogonana a cichlases
Pakati pa nthawi yokwatirana, banjali limayesetsa kubisala mozama momwe angathere. Kusintha kayendedwe kabwino ka kutentha kukhala kotentha ndi chizindikiro chobalira. Mkazi amaikira mazira pamiyala, malo athyathyathya kapena m'maenje. Mwachangu cichlazomasoma okonzeka kusambira tsiku lachisanu.
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya cichlid subspecies cichlazoma wamwamuna chokulirapo kuposa chachikazi. Mbali yake yapadera ndi mafuta pamphumi pamphumi. Chowonekera kwambiri champhongo ndi mtundu wowala. Akatswiri odziwa za nsomba zam'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi amadziwika ndi zipsepse.
Pachithunzichi cichlazoma Nicaragua
Gulani cichlazoma mungathe m'sitolo iliyonse ya ziweto, nsomba zamtunduwu ndizofala ndipo zimapezeka nthawi zonse. M'misika yamisika, mutha kugula zinthu zambiri zothandiza: kuchokera kumadzi am'madzi ndi zinthu zina kuti mudyetse ndi zowonjezera.
Mtengo nsomba cichlazoma ndi 200-300 rubles, zimatengera mtundu ndi mtundu. Kugulitsa nsomba zam'madzi (aquarium)cichlase) Ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa. Kufunika kwa iwo kukukula chaka chilichonse ndipo zikutsimikiziranso kuti ndizothandiza komanso zophunzitsa.
