Zovuta (kuchokera ku Lat. Sula) - mbalame yayikulu yam'nyanja, ndi yamtundu wonga wa Pelican, banja la Olushev. Pakadali pano pali ma subspecies asanu ndi amodzi amakono ndi mitundu yambiri yakutha. Mitundu yambiri: "ma gannets akumpoto"Ndipo"boobies abbottยป.
Mbalame zokongola za kunyanja izi ndizogwirizana ndi ma phaeton, cormorants ndi pelicans. Ma boobies amasangalala pamwamba pamadzi, osati pamtunda. Mutha kuwawona akuyenda modekha pamadzi.
Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala ma gannets
Mbalame ya Gannet ali zazikulu zazikulu: kutalika kwa thupi - 70 cm 90; kulemera - kuchokera 0,7 mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu; mapiko amafikira mamita awiri. Thupi limakulitsidwa, limakhazikika, khosi ndilitali, mapiko ake ndi akulu ndi nthenga zabwino.
Mutu ndi waung'ono kukula, mlomo wake ndi wolimba, wopingasa, wamtambo wabuluu. Maso ndi ochepa, oyenda, otuwa mtundu. Pamalo pamphumi, pansi pa khungu, pali ma cushion amlengalenga okutira thupi ndikulowera m'madzi.
Pachithunzicho muli boobie wofiira
Masomphenya a gannet amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhala tcheru kwapadera, ndi kwaminyewa, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kutalika kwa mtunda ndi chandamale chake. Mbalameyi imapuma kudzera pakamwa pake, chifukwa mphuno zake zakula kwambiri. Mapazi amaikidwa kumbuyo pang'ono, ndi afupikitsa, okhala ndi ukonde. Nthenga ndizolimba, zolimba thupi.
Mtundu waukulu wa ma gannet ndi wakuda ndi woyera, koma mithenga ya nthenga imatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira mbalame zam'mbuyomu mpaka bulauni. Izi zimadalira subspecies ndi zaka mbalame. Kutengera mitundu, ma paws ndi amtundu wabuluu kapena wofiira.
Ubwino waukulu wama gannet ndikuti ndi ma flyers abwino kwambiri, osambira osiyanasiyana komanso osambira. Amalowerera m'madzi kuchokera kutalika kwa 10-100 m, pansi pamadzi - mpaka kuya kwa mita 25. Pofunafuna nyama pamwamba pamadzi, imatha kufikira liwiro la 150 km / h.
Pachithunzipa, ma gannets amalowa m'madzi
Malo okhala mbalamezi amayenda madera otentha komanso a equator padziko lonse lapansi. Ma gannets amakhala m'madzi okhaokha m'nyanja. Amakonda magombe amchenga ataliatali, zilumba zazing'ono, malo okhala miyala pang'ono.
Mbalame zam'nyanja modzipereka zimadzaza zilumba za Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean. Pali ambiri mwa iwo m'mphepete mwa America, South Africa ndi zilumba za Galapagos.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa gannet
Zovuta - ochezeka mbalame zam'nyanja, pangani magulu a anthu masauzande angapo. Ma subspecies ena amapanga maulendo ataliatali. Ali ndi bata, amakhala otanganidwa kufunafuna chakudya tsiku lonse, akuyang'ana mwatcheru nyama, akuuluka pamwamba pamadzi.
Mu chithunzi cannannets
Pamtunda amasuntha movutikira, ngati bakha. Koma kumwamba, amamva ngati ali m'gulu lawo, akukonzekera ndege, akugwedeza mapiko awo momwe angafunikire, osataya mphamvu.
Amakonda "kupachika" pamafunde am'mlengalenga, akuyang'anitsitsa munyanja yakuya, kenako mwadzidzidzi, ngati mwala, imagwera m'madzi. Satha nthawi yayitali pansi pamadzi, chifukwa chake amaponyedwa pamwamba pamadzi ngati zoyandama.
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona ngati ma gannets akuyandama pamwamba popanda kuyenda. Ali ndi luso lowonera bwino mlengalenga, amasintha mwaluso kuti azitha kuyenda mlengalenga ndipo, titero, "amamatira" kwa iwo. Pamwamba pamadzi, mbalame yam'nyanja imakhala kwakanthawi, siyenda maulendo ataliatali.
Chakudya cha Gannet
Chakudya chachikulu cha gannets ndi m'madzi, ndi nsomba ndi cephalopods. Amakonda nyamayi komanso nthumwi za hering'i (anchovies, sardines, hering'i, sprat, gerbil). Kusaka mbalame sikovuta, chifukwa chakuthwa kwake ndi mlomo wamphamvu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mbalameyi imagwira nsomba osati panthawi yopuma, koma ikamatuluka, ikawona mimba ya nsomba.
Amasangalala kugwira nsomba zouluka pamwamba pa nyanja; pali zambiri zoyambirira chithunzi maginito... Amasaka m'mawa kapena madzulo. Nthawi zina amatha kusiyanitsa chakudyacho ndi ndere zazing'ono zotsukidwa kumtunda kuti zibwezeretse mavitamini ndi ma microelements.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ma gannet nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi dolphin ndi anamgumi akamathamangitsa masukulu a nsomba. Masukulu a nsomba akakhazikika pamwamba pamadzi, amaukiridwa ndi mbalame zam'madzi zododometsa. Chifukwa chake, sukulu ya nsomba imawonongeka pafupifupi nthawi zonse.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa ma gannet
Mbalamezi zimakhazikika m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'zilumba zamchenga, madera okhala ndi zotsalira zazing'ono zochepa komanso zosagwedezeka pang'ono. Nthawi yokhala pachibwenzi ndiyabwino kwambiri, mkazi amatenga bwino kwambiri utoto wamiyendo yamphongo ndikudziyang'anira. Kukondana kumachitika kamodzi pachaka.
Ma gannet akumpoto amakhala ndi nkhawa wina ndi mnzake munthawi ya kukwatira. Amapeza malo obisika, amayima moyang'anizana, amakweza milomo yawo ndikuwoloka. Chithunzicho ndi chosiririka, banjali limatha kuyima nthawi yayitali.
Ma boobies oyenda buluu onjezerani milomo yawo mmwamba, koma sinthanitsani njirayi ndi kukweza mosinthana kwa mwendo. Izi ndichifukwa chake chachikazi chimatha kuwona utoto wowala wa buluu. Pachifukwa ichi mkazi amasankha mnzake woti akhale mnzake. Mwachitsanzo, yamphongo yofiirira pamiyendo siyimusangalatsanso.
Pachithunzicho ndi booby wamiyendo yabuluu
Banjali limakonza chisa, zomwe ndi nthambi zowuma, zouma kapena algae. Ntchito yomanga imagawidwa mosamalitsa: chachimuna chimanyamula zomangira, chachikazi chimayala pansi. Si zachilendo kuti oyandikana nawo amaba mbali zawo.
Gannet wamkazi Kuikira mazira 1 mpaka 3, nthawi yolanditsa ikuyambira masiku 38 mpaka 44. Makolo onsewa akuchita nawo ntchitoyi, chisa chimagwira mwamphamvu kwambiri, kupewa kutentha. Mazirawo amatenthedwa ndi mawoko ake, osati ndi nthenga zawo. Anapiye amabadwa amaliseche, pa tsiku la 11 kumangowonekera fluff.
Ma boobies amiyendo yabuluu amaswa okha anapiye okha. Mwachitsanzo, ma subspecies ena amadyetsa olimba okha. Akuluakulu amadyetsa anapiye ndi chakudya chosagawanika, ndipo kenako ndi nsomba yonse. Mtundu wa mbalame zazing'ono ndi bulauni. Amasiya zisa kuyambira miyezi itatu.
Pachithunzicho pali mwana wankhuku wa gannet
M'chilengedwe Mimbulu imasakidwa ndi mbalame zodya nyama, koma izi sizichitika kawirikawiri, chifukwa zisa zili m'malo ovuta kufikako. Achinyamata omwe sangathe kuuluka amenyedwa ndi nsombazi.
Ndowe zambiri zomwe ma gannets amasiya ndizofunika pantchito zaulimi. Guano ndi phosphorous yolemera kwambiri, yomwe imafunikira makamaka kukulira mbewu. M'chilengedwe utali wamoyo wa gannet ali ndi zaka 20-25.
