Zithunzi pamiyala ya nyama zokongola zokongola zokhala ndi nyanga za nthambi zapulumuka mpaka pano. M'masiku amenewo, ntchito yayikulu ya anthu inali kusaka.
Pazifukwa zina, nyama iyi inali chandamale chachikulu cha alenje, ndipo palibe zimbalangondo, kapena mimbulu, kapena nkhumba zakutchire, zomwe zimangokhala zambiri. Nkhumba zabwino pazifukwa zina amasangalatsa aliyense koposa zonse.
Ngakhale kumusaka sikungatchulidwe ngati chisangalalo wamba, chosavuta. Nyama yovuta komanso yofulumira iyi imakhala yosamala m'zonse, sikophweka kuitenga ndi manja. Choyambirira, amafunikirabe kutsatira.
Kenako, mosamala kwambiri, yandikirani kwa iye kuti mumuphe. Kuwomberako kuyenera kukhala kwamphamvu kwambiri, apo ayi mlenje yekha akhoza kusintha kuti akhale wozunzidwa chifukwa Mbawala zofiira zaku Siberia akhoza kupereka chitsutso choyenera.
Ngati kusaka kunachita bwino, moyo wokhutiritsa udaperekedwa kwa fuko lonse kwa mwezi umodzi, kapena kupitilira apo. Koma amaphonya posaka mbawala nyama yabwino nthawi zambiri, zimatha bwino.
Mlenjeyo samakhalabe ndi moyo nthawi zonse. Pa ovulalawo nswala zofiira wamphamvu modabwitsa, amatha kupundula ngakhale kupha mlenjeyo ndi aliyense amene ali pafupi naye.
Malinga ndi nthano za anthu akale, amakhulupirira kuti mizimu ya nyama, monga anthu, imakhala ndi moyo pambuyo paimfa. Kwa anthu onse, agwape akhala nyama yolemekezedwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake gulu lakale lathunthu limafanizira duel pakati pa munthu ndi mbawala. Deer nthawi zonse akhala nyama zaumulungu. Nthanoyo idati kupha maukwati opitilira awiri pachaka ndi tchimo lalikulu, lomwe mudzayenera kulipira posachedwa.
Sikovuta kulingalira kuchokera pazithunzi zakale momwe ojambula omwe adalemba nyama yokongolayi adalimbikitsidwa. Ntchito yojambula pamiyala ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yotenga nthawi.
Koma zonsezi zidachitika ndi kuyesetsa kwakukulu komanso kukonda zabwino za anthu. Anthu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chokwatirana. Aliyense anali ndi chidaliro kuti mzimu wake wobwezerera udzawapatsa anthu chuma ndikuteteza moyo wawo.
Chithunzi cha nswala yofiira, Mutu wake wonyada wokhala ndi nyanga za chic sasiya aliyense alibe chidwi. Yemwe adawona chozizwitsa ichi m'moyo weniweni amakhala osangalatsidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a nswala zofiira
Dzinalo lokha, nswala yofiira, limaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo ya agwape, osiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu. Koma oimira onse amtunduwu ali ndi nyanga zazikulu zazikulu.
Kachitidwe konyada kaukwati kamatiwonetsa ife mphamvu zazikulu ndi malingaliro opanduka. Ndi kutalika kwakukulu kwa masentimita 170 ndikulemera mpaka 400 kg, chic nyanga za mbawala zofiira, nyamayo imatha kudzitchinjiriza mosavuta kwa mdani aliyense.
Ngakhale mimbulu ili patali ndi mphamvu ya chilombochi. Sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala pachiwopsezo chomuukira. Yekhayo amene angakwanitse kusaka chimphona nkhalango ichi ndi munthu.
Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu asintha moyo wawo pang'ono, aphunzira kuweta ziweto, kuti asamangopeza kusaka kuti apeze chakudya chawo. Koma agwape amafunikabe kwambiri chifukwa choti ali ndi nyama yabwino kwambiri. Ili ndi kukoma kosangalatsa komanso kosakhwima.
Pachithunzicho muli nswala yofiira
Lili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza komanso limafufuza zinthu zomwe sizingafanane ndi nyama ina. Zakhala zikudziwika kale kuti anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amadya venison sangatengeke ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo khansa.
Koma magazi am'banja ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Anthu adaphunzira za kuchiritsa kwake zaka zambiri zapitazo. Kwa nthawi yayitali amakhulupirira kuti magazi a nswala amathandizira anthu kukhalabe ndi thanzi ndikuchepetsa ukalamba kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nkhaniyi imati magazi am'banja ndimankhwala ofunikira kwambiri kwa asing'anga. Ndi iye amene anatha kuchiza matenda opanda chiyembekezo. Amayesedwa kuti ndi wopatsa moyo. Anthu achilengedwe aku Altai ndi Kumpoto akupatsidwabe mankhwala ozizwitsa awa.
Dziko lotukuka lili ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi magazi komanso ziphuphu zam'madzi. Gwape wofiira ndi wamtundu wa chordate, gulu la mammalian, dongosolo la artiodactyl, banja la nswala.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbawala zimakhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwapakati pa nyama izi kumakhala pakati pa 0.8 mpaka 1.5 m, kutalika kwake kumafika 2 m, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 200-400 kg. Pali mbawala yaying'ono. Kutalika kwake sikuposa 1 mita ndipo kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 50 kg.
Gwape wofiira amatchedwa choncho chifukwa ali ndi ulemu, wowonda bwino, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, khosi lokhathamira ndi mutu wopepuka, wopingasa. Maso a nswala ndi ofiira wachikaso. Pafupi nawo pali ma grooves owoneka bwino. Khungu limawonekera bwino pamphumi lonse.
Mitundu ina ya agwape ili ndi miyendo yopyapyala komanso yokongola, pomwe ina, ndi yayifupi kwambiri. Koma zonse zimadziwika ndi kulumikizana kwa miyendo ndi zala zomwe zidali pambali, ndi nembanemba pamphambano.
Mano a nyama ndiye chisonyezero chabwino cha msinkhu wake. Kukula kwa mano ndi mano osema, kupindika kwawo ndi mawonekedwe ake zimalola katswiri kuti adziwe molondola kuti ukwatiwo ndi wangati.
Nyanga ndi mbali yapadera ya nyamazi. Ndi mbawala zam'madzi zopanda akazi okhaokha komanso zazikazi zomwe zimasowa. Mapangidwe okongola amtunduwu amapezeka mwa amuna okha. Mphoyozi zimakhala ndi nyerere pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, koma mwa akazi ndizochepa kwambiri.
Oposa theka la mbawala zimatsanula nyanga zawo chaka chilichonse. M'malo mwake, zatsopano zimapangidwa nthawi yomweyo. Poyamba, amakhala ndi chichereĊµechereĊµe, kenako amadzaza minofu yolimba ya mafupa.
Kukula kwawo ndi mtundu wawo zimadalira kwathunthu chakudya cha nyama. Kanyamaka ndi kalulu wa agwape omwe amakhala kumadera otentha. Samazigwetsa pansi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nyama zomwe zimakhala mdera la equator sizinataye nyanga zake. Ichi ndiye chida chachikulu chodzitetezera kwa amuna. Kukula kwawo ndikokulira, mbawala zimapambana duel.
Nyama zimakonza ndewu nthawi zambiri kuti zikhale ndi ufulu wokhala ndi wamkazi. Mimbulu ya mphalapala yokhala ndi mapiko otalika masentimita 120 imathandiza nyamayo kukumba ndere pansi pa chipale chofewa.
Ubweya wopyapyala ndi wamfupi umawonekera pakhungu la nswala. Ndi zomwe ali mchilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, ubweyawo umakhala wokulirapo komanso wokulirapo. Mtundu wake umabwera m'mitundu yonse, kuyambira imvi mpaka bulauni ndi ma pallet onse pakati, owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinyama zothamanga kwambiri makumi awiri. Ikabisala pakufuna kwake, gwapeyo amakhala ndi liwiro la 50-55 km / h.
Moyo wachibwibwi ndi malo okhala
Maiko a Europe ndi Asia, Russia, North ndi South America, Africa, Australia, New Zealand ndi malo okhala agwape ofiira. Kwa nyama izi, kufunikira kwachilengedwe sikunazindikiridwe.
Amakhala omasuka pamalo athyathyathya komanso m'malo am'mapiri. Amakonda nswala ndi madambo, madera am'misasa ndi ndere.
Kwa mitundu yambiri ya agwape, malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Chifukwa chake, amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Kutentha kwambiri, nyama zimangokwera m'madzi motero kuzizirira.
Izi ndi nyama zosamukasamuka. M'nyengo yotentha, agwape amakhala m'nkhalango momwe muli madambo azitsamba. Zakudya zawo zimasinthana ndikugona muudzu kuti apumule. M'nyengo yozizira, amatha kuyendayenda m'nkhalango zosadutsika chifukwa ndipamene sipamakhala chipale chofewa ndipo pamakhala chakudya chochuluka pansi pa chipale chofewa chaching'ono.
Maukwati amachita manyazi. Nthawi yomweyo amakhala amanjenje komanso amwano. Zinyama zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mikangano yayikulu kwambiri m'malo mwa masewera omwe amakhala azaka zawo.
Ndewu zoterezi zimakumbukira mpikisano wa nkhonya. Omwe akuchita nawo ziwirizi akukwera pamiyendo yawo yakumbuyo ndikumenyanirana ndi miyendo yakutsogolo. Chilichonse chowopsa sichimawoneka kawirikawiri.
Izi zimakhudza amuna. Komano, wamkazi, poopseza ana ake, akhoza kuukira chilombo choopsa kwambiri mopanda mantha. Kuchokera pakumenyedwa kwa mwendo wa mbawala yachikazi, zingapo kumbuyo kwa mimbulu idathyoledwa.
Nthawi zina anali olumala basi. Amphongo amangophwanya mimbulu ndi mapazi awo. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale zilombo zazikulu nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi chidwi chosiya pantchito kapena kumenya mphalapala pagulu lalikulu.
Mbawala zazing'ono zimawopsezedwa ndi wolulu. Sizingakhale zovuta kuti nyama yolimba komanso yamphamvu iyi ing'ambe ukwati wachinyamata wopanda chidziwitso. Wolverines amayesetsa kupewa agulu achikulire.
Pogwirizana ndi anthu, mbawala zimakumana ndi mantha enieni. Amathawa akamununkhiza pang'ono. Ngakhale mkazi samayesetsa kuteteza mwana wake akakhala mmanja mwa munthu. Amayang'ana mwakachetechete zomwe zikuchitika. Ndi mkazi wachikulire kwambiri wa nswala zofiira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaima pamutu pa gulu lalikulu la motley losakanikirana.
Mitundu ya nswala zofiira
Ochita kafukufuku akuti alipo 51 mtundu wa nswala zofiira. Anthu ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera mphalapala, mbawala zamphongo ndi muntjak pakupanga uku. M'malo mwake, ngati pali kufanana pakati pawo, ndichifukwa choti ndi abale apafupi.
Mitundu imasiyanasiyana pakati pawo m'mawonekedwe awo akunja, kugawa kwawo, momwe amakhalira komanso kukula kwake. Amakhalanso ofanana kwambiri. Chokhacho ndi nswala zamadzi, zomwe zilibe nyerere konse.
Ambiri mwa mitunduyi ali ndi tinthu tambiri tambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mbawala yofiira imakhala ndi zambiri kuposa abale ena onse. Mbawala zofiira zaku Caucasus amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamabanja akuluakulu kwambiri. Ndichitsanzo chamtengo wapatali kwambiri cha sayansi, mafakitale ndi zokongoletsa.
Kudya kofiira kofiira
Mbawala amakonda zakudya zamasamba. Amakonda masamba, masamba, mphukira zamitengo pachaka ndi zitsamba. M'chaka, zakudya zawo zimasungunuka ndi moss, bowa ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana.
Mphepete mwa nyanja, udzu wamphepete mwachitsulo womwe nthawi zonse umatha. Ma Maral amadya mankhwalawa mosangalala. Nthawi zambiri, mbawala zimadya nthambi zamitengo yosiyanasiyana, monga thundu, beech, phulusa, msondodzi, apulo wamtchire, peyala.
Mbewu ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa nyamazi, makamaka masika. Ngati pazifukwa zina kulibe chakudya chokwanira, ma singano a paini amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma izi zimachitika mwakamodzikamodzi chifukwa mankhwalawa amayambitsa kusokonekera kwa nyama, makamaka ana ake.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa nswala zofiira
Ng'ombe yamphongo imakhala ndi nthawi yosamvana pang'ono. Kawirikawiri zinyama zonse zimachita izi nthawi yachilimwe. M'mabanja, zonse zimachitika kugwa. Kukondana kumayambira pakumenyana koopsa pakati pa amuna.
Nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi phokoso lalikulu. Pambuyo pa miyezi 9 ya mimba kumapeto kwa Meyi, koyambirira kwa Juni, mwana amabadwa. Mwana wa ng'ombe wapangidwa kwathunthu.
Koma kwa masiku atatu oyamba, amakonda kugona m'malo obisika m'nyumba zonse, kubisala muudzu kapena m'nkhalango zowirira. Amangoyenda kokha kuti ayamwe mayi ake.
Ali ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri (7) azaka zakubadwa, makanda amayesa koyamba kuti akhale olimba pamapazi ndikutsata chachikazi. Pakadutsa milungu iwiri amatha kudumphadumpha mosavuta, ndipo patapita nthawi pang'ono amachoka pagulu.
Kumtchire, mbawala zimakhala zaka 20. M'malo osungira nyama, moyo wawo umatha zaka 30. Nkhumba zabwino kuphatikizidwa Buku Lofiira ndipo ali pansi pa chitetezo chodalirika cha anthu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi chidwi chowabereketsa pafamu yawo. Gulani nswala zofiira ndi zenizeni. Zimalipira $ 2,500.
