Sterlet nsomba. Moyo wathanzi komanso malo okhala

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Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala sterlet

Zowononga nsomba ali ndi ziphuphu zambiri zomwe zili pambali, pamimba ndi kumbuyo. Komanso kuchokera kwa anzawo amadziwika ndi milomo yapansi yosokonekera. Mtunduwo umakhala wakuda, wotuwa, wokhala ndi mimba yopepuka.

Sterlet - nsomba chachikulu ndithu. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kufikira mita imodzi ndi theka ndikulemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 15. Oimira ang'onoang'ono amtunduwu amapezeka nthawi zambiri.

M'chigwa cha Yenisei, ku Siberia nsomba zofiira... Kuphatikizanso apo, asodzi a m'derali nthawi zambiri amadzitamandira chifukwa cha nsomba zawo ali ngati chiboliboli chosongoka komanso chopindika. Kuphatikiza apo, Mbalame zotchedwa sturgeon fish sterlet wafalikira kwambiri.

Mtundu uwu umadziwika kuti ndiwofunika kwambiri m'malo asodzi. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, matani mazana angapo a nsomba zopangidwa ndi sterlet amkagwidwa pachaka ku beseni la Volga. Kenako, pofika pakati pa zaka zana, kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi kunachepa kwambiri, mwina chifukwa chowononga kwambiri anthu komanso kuwonongeka kwa madzi.

Komabe, pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lino, chiƔerengero cha anthu chinayambanso kukula. Amakhulupirira kuti izi zimalumikizidwa ndi njira zosungira, zomwe zimachitika kulikonse chifukwa chowopseza kutha kwa mitunduyo.

Kwa zaka zambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mitunduyi ngati chakudya, zosiyanasiyana maphikidwe a nsomba za sterlet... Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kutengera dera, kukonzekera nsomba za sterlet m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma kukoma kwake nthawi zonse sikusintha.

Komanso, sikuti ndizokhazokha zokhazokha zokhazokha zodyeramo mbale, komanso njira zakukonzekera zimasiyana, kuyambira msuzi wa nsomba pamoto, kutha ndi nsomba zophikidwa mu uvuni ndikuwonjezera zonunkhira zosowa.

Pakadali pano, mitundu ina ndi anthu akutetezedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera ndikuwonjezera chiwerengerocho, ntchito ikuchitika kuyeretsa madzi ndikuthana ndi usodzi wosaloledwa.

Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa sterlet

Sterlet nsomba ochezeka kwambiri - osakwatira ndi osowa kwambiri. Ndi nyengo yozizira yokha pomwe oimira mitunduyo amakhala m'malo amodzi; nthawi yotentha, amasuntha mwachangu.

Nyengo yozizira ikayamba, nsombazi zimayang'ana mabowo akuya, komwe zimakwiririra. Monga lamulo, pakukhumudwa kwakukulu pakhoza kukhala mazana angapo a anthu omwe akupanikizana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nsombazi sizingayime, kudikirira kuti ziwotha.

Ndiye chifukwa chake kusodza ndi ndodo ya sterlet m'nyengo yozizira ndichinthu chopanda tanthauzo. Yatsani chithunzi cha nsomba yotchedwa sterlet nthawi zambiri simungapeze mmodzi, koma anthu angapo nthawi imodzi - ichi ndi chitsimikizo china chokomera anzawo. Pakutentha, nsombazi zimayenda. Kuchokera pansi pamitsinje, imayandama pamwamba motsutsana ndi madzi apano.

Ali panjira, nsomba ikuyang'ana malo oti ikubwerako. Mosakayikira, chikhalidwe cha nsomba chimalimbikitsa asodzi kuti azigwire ndi maukonde. Zachidziwikire, njirayi ndiyokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo m'malo ambiri, komabe, osaka nyama samvera malamulo okhwima kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, sterlet imagulitsidwa yambiri m'misika, kutengera kusinthana pakati pa anthu okhala m'misewu yomwe ili m'mbali mwa mitsinje. Gulani nsomba za sterlet ndizotheka onse amoyo ndi akufa - zonse zimatengera zaka zakugwidwa kwake. Ngati munthuyo wagwidwa posachedwapa, makamaka ndi ukonde, wogulitsayo akhoza kumupereka wamoyo.

Komabe, ngati nsombayo yauma kale, ndiye kuti imatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Muyenera kusamala mukamagula nsomba zowuma, chifukwa palibe chitsimikizo kuti mukazisiya zidzakhala zodyedwa. Sterlet nsomba mtengo zitha kusiyanasiyana kutengera nthawi yachaka, malo, komanso mtundu wa malonda omwe akuperekedwa.

Sterlet nsomba chakudya

Pakadali pano pamiyala, oimira mitunduyo amadya plankton ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Zakudya zoterezi zimagwirizana ndi nsomba ngakhale atakula. Madzi amchere amadyetsa kwambiri mumdima.

Kuphatikiza apo, akuluakulu amatha kudya nyama zopanda mafupa a benthic, motsatana, kukula kwa "mbale" yotere kumadalira kukula kwa nsomba yomweyi - nyama yayikulu kwambiri siyabwino kwa iyo.

Sterlet amadya masewera a nsomba zina mosangalala kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, nthumwi za mitunduyi sizigwira ntchito ndipo zimakhala pafupifupi nthawi zonse m'magulu oyandikana, sizidyetsa konse.

Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa sterlet

Zambiri pobzala za sterlet, mwachiwonekere chifukwa chofalikira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimamangiriridwa kumalo okhala anthu ena.

Chifukwa chake, kutengera kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe anthu amadya, komanso kuwonongeka kapena kusintha kwa malo okhala, anthu amachepetsa ndikuchulukirachulukira m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Avereji yobereka nsomba za banja la sterlet Zimatenga mwezi umodzi mpaka umodzi ndi theka. Nthawi yoswana nthawi zambiri imachitika kumapeto kwa masika kutentha kwamadzi kukakwera. Ndiye kuti, akazi amakhala okonzeka kuswana kutentha kwamadzi kukakwera mpaka madigiri 10. Dzikoli limakhala mpaka madigiri 17-20.

Kuchuluka kwa ziweto kumadalira kwambiri ma hydrological. Chifukwa chake, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kutsika kwambiri kwa nsomba, sikokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, akazi othamanga amakonda kuyenda kwamtsinje osachepera makilomita anayi pa ola limodzi.

Chonde chimadalira zaka za chaska. Chifukwa chake, wocheperayo, amachepetsa mazira ochepa. Ndipo, motero, mosemphanitsa. Mu manambala, mzaka zisanu chiwerengerocho mazira a nsomba za sterlet sichipitilira 15 zikwi, ndipo nsomba zopitilira zaka 15, pansi pazabwino, zitha kuikira mazira pafupifupi 60,000.

Mazirawo ndi ochepa kukula kwake - pafupifupi mamilimita 2-3 m'mimba mwake. Nthawi zambiri, kukhwima mwa kugonana kumakhala zaka zitatu. Komabe, akazi amakhala ndi kulemera kokwanira kodzala ndi zaka 5, amuna amakhala okonzeka kuchita izi pafupifupi zaka zomwezo, kusiyanasiyana kumatheka.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti akazi azinthu zamtunduwu nthawi zonse samatha kubereka zingapo. Komabe, ngati izi zitachitika, mtundu wa caviar umayenda bwino ndikamabereka pambuyo pake. Sterlet pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali - mpaka zaka 27-30, koma zoterezi ndizochepa kwambiri.

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Onerani kanemayo: our new fish. a Sterlet (November 2024).