Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala siliva carp
M'madera amayiko a CIS, mutha kuwona mitundu itatu siliva carp: yoyera, yosiyana ndi yosakanizidwa. Oimira mitunduyo adalandira dzina lawo, kwakukulu, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo.
Chifukwa chake, yoyera carp siliva pachithunzichi ndipo m'moyo mthunzi wowala pang'ono. Chinthu chachikulu chodziwikiratu cha nsombayi ndi luso lapadera loyeretsa matupi amadzi ochokera ku zotsalira za zamoyo, zomera zochulukirapo, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndichifukwa chake siliva carp Amayikidwa m'madziwe owonongeka, pomwe nsomba zimaletsedwa kwakanthawi - nsomba zimafunikira nthawi kuti zichotse dziwe. Mitunduyi imayamba kulemera pang'onopang'ono.
Kujambula ndi carp yasiliva
Carp ya siliva ili ndi mthunzi wakuda, ndipo, gawo lake lalikulu ndikukula mwachangu. Oimira mitunduyo amadya zooplankton ndi phytoplankton ndipo ndichifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amadya chomwe chimakula msanga kwambiri.
Pachithunzicho pali carp wamkulu
Siliva wosakanizidwa ndi siliva, monga dzina limatanthawuzira, ndi mtundu wa mitundu iwiri yomwe tafotokozayi. Wosakanizidwa ali ndi mtundu wowala wa kholo loyera komanso chizolowezi chokula msanga kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yonseyi imadyedwa ndi anthu, ndiye kuti mutha kugula carp yasiliva pamalo aliwonse ogulitsa nsomba. Kwa zaka zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito nsomba motere, maphikidwe osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana okonzekera carp wa siliva awonekera.
Kuyambira mwachizolowezi siliva carp nsomba msuzi, pomaliza ndi njira zabwino zophikira ziwalo za thupi lake, siliva carp mutu ankaona kuti ndi chakudya chokoma. Oimira akuluakulu amtunduwu amatha kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndikulemera pafupifupi 50 kilogalamu.
Kujambula ndi carp wosakanizidwa wa siliva
Poyamba, ma carp siliva amapezeka ku China kokha, komabe, chifukwa chazinthu zofunikira, ntchito idachitika pakuwakhazikika kwawo ndikukhalanso ku Russia. Pakadali pano, ma carp siliva amatha kukhala pafupifupi mumtsinje uliwonse, nyanja, dziwe, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti otaya samathamanga kwambiri, ndipo madzi samazizira kwambiri.
M'dzinja carp siliva bwerani pafupi ndi gombe ndikukhala mosaya pansi pano. Ndiyeno, pamodzi ndi kutuluka kwa madzi ofunda, amapita kumalo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma carp siliva amatha kukhala pafupi ndi zomangamanga za anthu omwe amatenthetsa madzi. Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi malo opangira magetsi omwe amatulutsa madzi ofunda m'matupi amadzi.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa carp wa siliva
Silver carp ndi nsomba yomwe imakhala m'masukulu okha. Amamva bwino m'madzi ofunda ndi mpweya pang'ono. Ngati izi zakwaniritsidwa, carp yasiliva imadyetsa ndikukula mwachangu. Pofika nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimatha kukana kudya, ndikukhala ndi mafuta omwe amapezeka. Nsomba zimagwidwa pa ndodo zapansi zakuwedza ndikupota.
Pakufika kutentha kumayambiriro mpaka pakati pa masika, carp ya siliva imayenda mosamala mosungira. Ndiye, ikafika nthawi yakukula msanga kwa zomera, imakhazikika pamalo amodzi, pomwe imadyetsa mpaka nyengo yozizira itayamba. Gulu la carp siliva limayamba kufunafuna chakudya mbandakucha ndipo amachita nawo bizinesi yochititsa chidwi mpaka mdima.
Usiku, nsomba imapuma. Kuigwira mumdima kulibe ntchito - panthawiyi carp yasiliva imangokhala ndipo, nthawi zambiri, imakhala yodzaza kale. Iyi ndi nsomba yayikulu komanso yamphamvu, ndiye kuti, kuti mugwire carp yasiliva, muyenera kusankha zida zomwe zingathe kupirira katundu woyenera.
Chakudya cha carp cha siliva
Achinyamata amadya zooplankton zokha; pokolola, nsomba pang'onopang'ono zimasintha kukhala phytoplankton. Nthawi yomweyo, carp wamkulu wachikulire amakonda zakudya zosakanikirana, zakudya zambiri zimadalira zomwe zili panjira lero. Kuphatikiza paukalamba, chakudya chimasiyananso ndi mitundu ya carp yasiliva.
Chifukwa chake, carp yasiliva yamtundu uliwonse ndi msinkhu nthawi zambiri imakonda zakudya zamasamba. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, carp yasiliva idzakonda kwambiri phytoplankton. Mukasodza, m'pofunika kuganizira zofunikira za mitunduyi ndikusankha nyambo kutengera mtundu wa munthu yemwe adzagwire pakadali pano. Asodzi omwe amasankhidwa ndi asodzi ndi nsomba ya carp ya siliva pa technoplankton.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa carp siliva
Silver carp ndi nsomba yokhala ndi chonde chambiri. Nthawi imodzi, mkazi amatha kutulutsa mazira mazana mazana angapo. Zachidziwikire, izi sizitanthauza kuti m'miyezi ingapo anthu zikwi mazana ambiri adzawonekera mosungira madzi - zambiri siliva carp caviar Adzadyedwa ndi zilombo zolusa, komabe, ndi mazira ochulukirapo, zikuwoneka kuti ana amtundu uliwonse adzakhala ambiri.
Zinthu zabwino zoyambira kutulutsa ndi kutentha kwamadzi koyenera - pafupifupi madigiri 25. Kuphatikiza apo, zomangamanga zimachitika pakukwera kwamadzi pazifukwa zilizonse, nthawi zambiri mvula yambiri itagwa. Chifukwa chake, madzi akakhala mitambo ndipo amakhala ndi chakudya chambiri, zomangamanga zasiliva.
Chiwonetsero cha chisamaliro ndicho gawo lokhalo lomwe makolo amatenga nawo gawo pakutha kwamazira aposachedwa komanso mwachangu siliva wamtsogolo wa siliva. Madzi amatope amayenera kuteteza mazira kwa adani, chakudya chambiri chambiri chimakhala ngati chakudya pachangu kwa nthawi yoyamba. Mazira a feteleza amafalikira mosiyanasiyana, kutengera momwe amagwere.
Pasanathe masiku angapo, dziralo limakhala dzira lotalika mamilimita 5-6, lomwe lakhazikitsa kale kamwa, matumbo, komanso limatha kuyenda palokha m'madzi. Ali ndi sabata limodzi, mphutsi imazindikira kuti kuti ikule mwachangu, imayenera kudyetsa.
Amapita kufupi ndi gombelo ndipo amafunafuna malo otentha opanda pano komwe chakudya chambiri chimapezeka. Kumeneko, mwana wakhanda wasiliva amakhala kwakanthawi, akudya ndikukula pang'onopang'ono. Pakutha chilimwe, kukhuta siliva carp mwachangu sakuwoneka ngati dzira la millimeter, momwe mawonekedwe ake anali miyezi ingapo yapitayo.
Pachithunzicho, siliva wa carp mwachangu
Izi zili kale pafupifupi carp yasiliva, yochepa kwambiri mpaka pano. Amadya mwakhama kuti apulumuke nyengo yake yozizira yoyamba. Zomwezo zimachitikanso ndi achikulire omwe alibe chibadwa cha makolo. Atabala, amapita kukafunafuna chakudya.
Ndi nyengo yozizira, pafupifupi 30% ya kulemera kwathunthu kwa munthu wamkulu ndi mafuta. Amapezeka munyama komanso m'ziwalo zamkati - ndiyo njira yokhayo yopulumukira m'nyengo yozizira, yomwe ma carp siliva amathera osachita chilichonse. Mumikhalidwe yabwino, carp yasiliva imatha kukhala zaka pafupifupi 20.
