Saker Falcon, balaban, rarog, Itelgi - mayina ambiri ali ndi nkhono, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamagulu owopsa padziko lonse lapansi a mbalame.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo a Saker Falcon
Saker mbalame zamphamba adagawidwa ku Central Asia, Kazakhstan, madera akumwera a Siberia, Buryatia, Turkmenistan, Transbaikalia, Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan ndi China. Saker falcon - ali ndi kukula kwakukulu, m'litali amatha kufikira masentimita 60. Imalemera kuchokera ku kilogalamu imodzi mpaka theka ndi theka.
Mapiko amatha kutalika kwa 1 mpaka 1.5 mita.Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Komabe, sizimasiyana maonekedwe. Maganizo azakugonana ndi ofooka kwambiri. Rarog ili ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala imvi ndi utoto woyera kapena bulauni wokhala ndi utoto wofiira. Mikwingwirima yakuda kwakanthawi ilipo pachifuwa.
Pamutu wofiirira wonyezimira - zotsekemera za motley, zopepuka. Mlomo ndi wabuluu, wakuda kumapeto, sera imakhala yachikasu. Mphepete mwa nthenga zouluka ndi mchira wa mbalameyi zimakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga oyera. Mchira wa mbalame ndi wautali, maso ali m'malire ndi mphete zachikaso.
Kukhutitsa kwamitundu yamitundu kumasiyana kutengera dera. Mwa anthu omwe amakhala kum'mawa, chowala kuposa achibale akumadzulo. Saker Falcon ndi Peregrine Falcon ofanana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, makamaka pothawa. Saker Falcon ili ndi mtundu wopepuka, mapiko osiyana siyana ndi zina zosiyana.
Koposa zonse, Itelgi ndi ofanana ndi ma gyrfalcons. Komabe, kupezeka kwa subspecies yamalire sikuwalola kuti akhale mgulu lomwelo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, asayansi ena amati Saker Falcon ndi mtundu wina wakumpoto wa gyrfalcon.
Khalidwe la Saker falcon ndi moyo wake
Steppe, steppe-steppe, nkhalango zosakanikirana, komanso masamba ake, mapiri ndi miyala - awa ndi malo omwe nthenga zimakhala. Mbalameyi imasaka m'malo otseguka pafupi ndi madzi, mitengo kapena miyala, komwe kuli nyama zambiri ndipo ndikosavuta kuziyang'ana.
Mwa kumanga saker falcon sachita chibwenzi. Kawirikawiri mbalameyi imakhala m'nyumba ya akhungubwe amiyendo yayitali, akhwangwala kapena akhungubwe. Pakhala pali kugwidwa ngakhale zisa za mphungu. Nyumba ikapezeka, mbalame zimayamba kumaliza kumanga ndikukonzanso.
Pachifukwa ichi, nthambi ndi mphukira za mitengo ndi zitsamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pansi pa mbalameyi pamakhala utoto, ubweya, ndi zikopa za nyama zomwe apha. Banja limatha kuyang'anitsitsa nyumba zingapo ndikusinthana.
Kusaka ndi saker falcon ndiye mtundu wachinyengo kwambiri. Sali wotsika kwenikweni pakusangalatsidwa ndi kusaka ndi mphamba goshawk... Ndi mbalameyi yomwe imatchulidwa m'mabuku akale. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mbalameyi imakonda kwambiri mwini wake, yomwe imayamikiridwa kwambiri.
Tsoka ilo, ngakhale zili choncho saker falcon Olembedwa mu Buku Lofiira, ziweto zake zikuchepa mosalekeza. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kuchuluka kwa mbalame ndi pafupifupi anthu 9000, ngakhale kuli kwakuti zisumbu zawo ndizazikulu kwambiri. Zinthu zambiri zimathandizira kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mbalame:
- kugwira mbalame zomwe zimazembetsa kupita kumayiko komwe kusaka ndi nkhono kumatchuka. Pazinthu izi, kugwidwa kwa anapiye kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuweta kwawo. Arab Emirates ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi msika wakuda womwe ukuchita bwino kwambiri pamalonda a nkhono. Mbalame zambiri zimasowa mderali. Amadziwika kuti imodzi wopanga saker pamsika wakuda zimawononga pafupifupi madola zana limodzi, osaphunzitsidwa - mpaka zikwi makumi awiri. Pakukonzekera, kufa kwa mbalame kumafika 80%.
- poyizoni wa Saker Falcons ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa makoswe;
- imfa ya mbalame pazingwe zamagetsi;
- kusintha kwa nyengo kukhala koipitsitsa ndi zina zotero.
Zowononga izi zilibe adani achilengedwe. Kadzidzi yekha ndiye chiwopsezo kwa iwo. Saker Falcon nthawi zambiri imakhala moyo wongokhala. Anthu akumpoto okha ndi omwe amasamuka.
Saker mbalame ikudyetsa
Saker Falcon ndi wakupha koopsa komanso chowopsa kwambiri. Amapha mwachangu komanso mwakachetechete wovulalayo. Si kawirikawiri kukhala ndi njala. Omwe akuchita nawo zoopsa amamuwopa kwambiri. Nkhalangoyi imakhala yozizira koopsa mbalame yokongolayi ikamauluka.
Falcon imapita ku "nkhomaliro yamtsogolo" yake mwachangu kwambiri, nthawi zina imafika mpaka 250 km / h. Kenako imagwera pangodya yakumanja ndikumenya wovulalayo pambali ndi zikhadabo zake. Nthawi zambiri imfa ya wovutikayo imachitika nthawi yomweyo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ikamayandikira chandamale, chilombocho sichichepetsa liwiro lake. M'malo mwake, ikupeza. Kukhalapo kwa chigaza cholimba komanso zotanuka zimathandiza kuti mbalameyi isavulazidwe. Ngati nkhonya yoyamba sinatengere zotsatira zomwe akufuna, ndipo wovutikayo adatsala ndi moyo, Saker Falcon imamaliza kumaliza. Amadyera pamalo osakira kapena amanyamula chakudya kupita nacho ku chisa.
Saker falcon makoswe, nyama zazing'onoting'ono, agologolo, ma pikas ndi abuluzi akuluakulu. Tizilombo tingaphatikizidwe m'zakudya zawo. Zowononga zimalimbananso mosavuta ndi pheasants, abakha ndi ma bustards. Koma nthawi zambiri amagwira nkhunda, mpheta, seagulls ndi mbalame zina zazing'ono. Kudya makoswe kumapangitsa mbalame kukhala zofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi tizirombo taulimi.
Masomphenya abwino kwambiri komanso kuthekera kouluka mlengalenga zimalola Saker Falcon kuzindikira wozunzidwayo kuchokera kutalika. Kuphatikiza apo, mwayi wamwayi ukuwonjezeka ndikuthekera kwakusaka padziko lapansi ndikugwira mbalame mlengalenga. Saker Falcons ndi mbalame zokhazokha ndipo zimakhala ndi malo osaka, pafupifupi 20 km.
Samapeza chakudya pafupi ndi chisa ndikuwuluka. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbalame zazing'ono komanso zofooka. Adzakhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba ya nkhandwe, potero amateteza nyumba yawo kwa mdani weniweniyo ndi ena omwe akufuna zoipa omwe sangayandikire Saker Falcon. Masana, ma Rarog amapuma, amasaka m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo wa Saker Falcon
Odwalawo akangopeza nyumba, kuswana kumachitika. Mu Epulo Saker Falcon wamkazi amatchera mpaka mazira 5 achikaso achikasu kapena abulauni, chowulungika ndi chosongoka. Maonekedwe awo amafanana ndi mazira a gyrfalcon.
Mkazi amakhala makamaka pamazira. Komabe, m'mawa ndi madzulo, chachimuna chimalowa m'malo mwake. Nthawi yonseyi, abambo amtsogolo amasamalira komanso kuteteza akazi munjira iliyonse. Patatha mwezi umodzi, Saker ankhandwe onyamula... Ndipo pakatha mwezi umodzi, makandawo amalimba ndipo pang'onopang'ono amakhala ngati mbalame zazikulu.
Mu Julayi-Ogasiti, mbalame zazing'ono zimatuluka m'nyumba zawo pamtunda wawutali ndikuphunzira kukadya zokha. KU kuswana kwa Saker Falcons okonzeka ali ndi zaka chimodzi. Ali kuthengo, zolusa izi zitha kukhala zaka 20. Komabe, pali milandu pamene anafika zaka 25-30.
